2015
Preclinical to Clinical Translation of CNS Transporter Occupancy of TD-9855, a Novel Norepinephrine and Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor
Smith J, Patil D, Daniels O, Ding YS, Gallezot JD, Henry S, Kim K, Kshirsagar S, Martin W, Obedencio G, Stangeland E, Tsuruda P, Williams W, Carson R, Patil. Preclinical to Clinical Translation of CNS Transporter Occupancy of TD-9855, a Novel Norepinephrine and Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor. The International Journal Of Neuropsychopharmacology 2015, 18: pyu027. PMID: 25522383, PMCID: PMC4368888, DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyu027.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAniline CompoundsAnimalsBlood Chemical AnalysisBrainHalf-LifeHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleModels, BiologicalMorpholinesNeurotransmitter Uptake InhibitorsNorepinephrine Plasma Membrane Transport ProteinsPhenyl EthersPiperidinesPositron-Emission TomographyRadiopharmaceuticalsRats, Sprague-DawleyReboxetineSerotonin Plasma Membrane Transport ProteinsSpinal CordSulfidesConceptsReuptake inhibitorsPositron emission tomographyNorepinephrine transporterSerotonin transporterSerotonin reuptake inhibitorsSingle oral doseUnique clinical profileMonoamine reuptake inhibitorsFuture clinical evaluationRat spinal cordNET occupancySERT occupancyClinical profileOral dosePlasma levelsTransporter profilesClinical evaluationSpinal cordTransporter occupancyCNS penetrationHealthy malesPharmacodynamic modelingNorepinephrineEmission tomographyPET studies
2013
Clinical doses of atomoxetine significantly occupy both norepinephrine and serotonin transports: Implications on treatment of depression and ADHD
Ding YS, Naganawa M, Gallezot JD, Nabulsi N, Lin SF, Ropchan J, Weinzimmer D, McCarthy TJ, Carson RE, Huang Y, Laruelle M. Clinical doses of atomoxetine significantly occupy both norepinephrine and serotonin transports: Implications on treatment of depression and ADHD. NeuroImage 2013, 86: 164-171. PMID: 23933039, DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.08.001.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdrenergic Uptake InhibitorsAnimalsAtomoxetine HydrochlorideAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityBrainDepressionDose-Response Relationship, DrugMacaca mulattaNorepinephrine Plasma Membrane Transport ProteinsPositron-Emission TomographyPropylaminesSerotonin Plasma Membrane Transport ProteinsTissue DistributionConceptsTreatment of depressionNorepinephrine transporterComparative PET imaging studyMetabolite-corrected arterial input functionFinal infusion rateDoses of atomoxetineDose-dependent occupancyPET imaging studiesSelective serotonin transporter (SERT) ligandNon-human primatesPlasma levelsSelective blockadeSaline infusionClinical dosesTherapeutic effectInfusion rateRelevant dosePET scansAtomoxetineRelevant dosesSerotonin transporter ligandDistribution volumeImaging studiesRhesus monkeysArterial input function
2010
Evaluation of [11C]MRB for assessment of occupancy of norepinephrine transporters: Studies with atomoxetine in non-human primates
Gallezot JD, Weinzimmer D, Nabulsi N, Lin SF, Fowles K, Sandiego C, McCarthy TJ, Maguire RP, Carson RE, Ding YS. Evaluation of [11C]MRB for assessment of occupancy of norepinephrine transporters: Studies with atomoxetine in non-human primates. NeuroImage 2010, 56: 268-279. PMID: 20869448, PMCID: PMC3710586, DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.09.040.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderPositron emission tomographyNorepinephrine transporterDrug occupancy studiesRhesus monkeysReference regionTreatment of depressionDose-dependent reductionVolume of distributionArterial blood samplingSuitable reference regionOccupancy studiesNon-human primatesBrain norepinephrine transportersPromising radioligandPlasma levelsTherapeutic doseOccipital cortexBlood samplingUptake inhibitorAtomoxetineEmission tomographyEffective dosePET studiesArterial input function