2024
The Effects of Shaoma Zhijing Granules and its Main Components on Tourette Syndrome
Zhao Q, Hu Y, Yan Y, Song X, Yu J, Wang W, Zhou S, Su X, Bloch M, Leckman J, Chen Y, Sun H. The Effects of Shaoma Zhijing Granules and its Main Components on Tourette Syndrome. Phytomedicine 2024, 129: 155686. PMID: 38759346, DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155686.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchTourette syndromeChina National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databasesNerve damageRepair of nerve damageClinical trialsEffective treatmentImprove sleep disordersNeurotransmitter imbalanceSleep disordersReducing neuroinflammationSyndromeComprehensive searchClinical applicationChinese medicine compoundObsessive-compulsive disorder
2023
Functional connectivity during tic suppression predicts reductions in vocal tics following behavior therapy in children with Tourette syndrome
Morand-Beaulieu S, Crowley M, Grantz H, Leckman J, Sukhodolsky D. Functional connectivity during tic suppression predicts reductions in vocal tics following behavior therapy in children with Tourette syndrome. Psychological Medicine 2023, 53: 7857-7864. PMID: 37485677, PMCID: PMC10755221, DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723001940.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsVoluntary tic suppressionTic suppressionVocal tic severityFunctional connectivityTic severityTourette syndromeRight superior frontal gyrusFirst-line treatmentBehavior therapyComprehensive Behavioral InterventionSuperior frontal gyrusRight angular gyrusVocal ticsFunctional brain networksBehavioral interventionsUsual control conditionFrontal gyrusBaselineAngular gyrusSeverityBrain networksSyndromeChildrenTherapyGyrus
2022
A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of Tic Suppression in Tourette Syndrome
Peterson B, Shudlarski P, Anderson A, Zhang H, Gatenby J, Lacadie C, Leckman J, Gore J. A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of Tic Suppression in Tourette Syndrome. 2022, 198-205. DOI: 10.4324/9780203822937-19.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMRI signal changesFunctional MRI signal changesFunctional debilityTourette syndromeTic suppressionNeuropsychiatric disordersNormal brain processesMagnetic resonance imaging studyResonance imaging studyFunctional magnetic resonance imaging studySignal changesFrequent causeBlood flowNeuronal activityImaging studiesStatistical significanceSignificant increaseSyndromeBehavioral problemsDebilityDisordersFailed inhibitionBrain processesImpulse controlIndirect measureA Family Study of Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome
Pauls D, Raymond C, Stevenson J, Leckman J. A Family Study of Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome. 2022, 64-73. DOI: 10.4324/9780203822937-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchObsessive-compulsive disorderTourette syndromeChronic ticsTS probandsGilles deFirst-degree relativesRelatives of probandsRelatives of controlsFamilies of probandsBiological relativesMorbid riskNormal subjectsNormal probandsFamilial disorderSyndromeProbandsCompulsive disorderFamily studiesTotal sampleDisordersPresent studyFurther evidenceRelativesPrevious studiesControl samplesTourette's Syndrome: When Habit-Forming Systems Form Habits of Their Own?
Leckman J, Riddlet M. Tourette's Syndrome: When Habit-Forming Systems Form Habits of Their Own? 2022, 153-158. DOI: 10.4324/9780203822937-15.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCourse of Tic Severity in Tourette Syndrome: The First Two Decades
Leckman J, Zhang H, Vitale A, Lahnin F, Lynch K, Bondi C, Kim Y, Peterson B. Course of Tic Severity in Tourette Syndrome: The First Two Decades. 2022, 80-85. DOI: 10.4324/9780203822937-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchYears of ageDecades of lifeTic severityTourette syndromeTS patientsTic onsetClinical evaluationPrevalence studySeverity of ticsInitial clinical evaluationConsistent time courseTime courseHigh rateOnset of pubertyInitial followPatient's coursePrognostic valueYale Child Study CenterBirth-year cohortsPatientsNatural historySyndromeCurve analysisSeverityStudy centersSocial and Adaptive Functioning in Tourette Syndrome
Sukhodolsky D, Kalvin C, Artukoğlu B, Eicher V, Leckman J. Social and Adaptive Functioning in Tourette Syndrome. 2022, 391-404. DOI: 10.1093/med/9780197543214.003.0023.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAdaptive functioningAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorderTourette syndromeThorough clinical assessmentCo-occurring disordersHyperactivity disorderQuality of lifePsychosocial interventionsClinical assessmentBehavioral disordersSymptom severityFunctioningStandardized ratingsDisordersActive investigationImpairmentSyndromeSeverityNeuroimmunoendocrinology of Tourette Syndrome
Martino D, Johnson I, Escobar A, Leckman J. Neuroimmunoendocrinology of Tourette Syndrome. 2022, 257-276. DOI: 10.1093/med/9780197543214.003.0016.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchTourette syndromeImmune-modulatory interventionsImmune competent cellsGeneration of ticsCortico-subcortical circuitsNormal brain developmentNeuroimmune interactionsKey molecular pathwaysGut dysbiosisAllergic illnessHigh riskImmune pathwaysPostnatal lifeTherapeutic interventionsImmune primingImmune systemRelated disordersNeural circuitsBrain developmentNeurodevelopmental disordersDisordersMolecular pathwaysSyndromeDate summaryMolecular mechanisms
2017
Mortality risk in a nationwide cohort of individuals with tic disorders and with tourette syndrome
Meier SM, Dalsgaard S, Mortensen PB, Leckman JF, Plessen KJ. Mortality risk in a nationwide cohort of individuals with tic disorders and with tourette syndrome. Movement Disorders 2017, 32: 605-609. PMID: 28339122, DOI: 10.1002/mds.26939.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTic disordersTourette syndromePremature deathMortality riskProspective cohort studyMortality rate ratiosComorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorderAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorderExclusion of individualsCohort studyObsessive-compulsive disorderClinical significancePsychiatric disordersPaternal ageSubstance abuseSyndromeHyperactivity disorderDisordersRate ratioDeathRiskCalendar yearAgeIndividualsClinicians
2016
Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Abnormalities in Children with Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS).
Gaughan T, Buckley A, Hommer R, Grant P, Williams K, Leckman JF, Swedo SE. Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Abnormalities in Children with Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS). Journal Of Clinical Sleep Medicine 2016, 12: 1027-32. PMID: 27166296, PMCID: PMC4918985, DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.5942.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndromeNeuropsychiatric syndromeMotor disinhibitionRapid eye movement (REM) sleep abnormalitiesPeriodic limb movementsPopulation of childrenConsecutive subjectsPediatric neurologistsFull polysomnographyHand stereotypiesPolysomnographic investigationSleep abnormalitiesSleep architectureREM sleepPolysomnographyLimb movementsSyndromeAbnormalitiesChildrenSleepDisinhibitionExcessive movementSubjectsNeurologistsOn the Nature of Separation Challenges and Attachment Solutions in Severe, Refractory Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome (GTS): Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) Has Been Helpful, But What About Rikki and Luci and Now Riley?
Leckman J. On the Nature of Separation Challenges and Attachment Solutions in Severe, Refractory Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome (GTS): Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) Has Been Helpful, But What About Rikki and Luci and Now Riley? 2016, 67-73. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-42190-2_12.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2014
Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome
Murphy TK, Gerardi DM, Leckman JF. Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome. Psychiatric Clinics Of North America 2014, 37: 353-374. PMID: 25150567, DOI: 10.1016/j.psc.2014.06.001.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndromeNeuropsychiatric syndromePediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disordersAutoimmune neuropsychiatric disordersAutoimmune processClinical presentationObsessive-compulsive disorderNeuropsychiatric disordersSyndromeDisordersChildrenPathophysiologySymptomsThe Modulating Role of Stress in the Onset and Course of Tourette’s Syndrome
Buse J, Kirschbaum C, Leckman JF, Münchau A, Roessner V. The Modulating Role of Stress in the Onset and Course of Tourette’s Syndrome. Behavior Modification 2014, 38: 184-216. PMID: 24516255, DOI: 10.1177/0145445514522056.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTourette syndromePsychosocial stressActivation of HPAAdrenal axis activationExacerbation of ticsNoradrenergic neurotransmissionAxis activationHPA axisTic disordersTic exacerbationAberrant markersSyndromeNeurotransmissionModulating roleExacerbationPatientsUnderlying mechanismStrong activationImmunologyActivationCommon occurrenceSubsequent changesDopaminergicAbnormalitiesPathology
2012
Clinical assessment of Tourette syndrome and tic disorders
Cohen SC, Leckman JF, Bloch MH. Clinical assessment of Tourette syndrome and tic disorders. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 2012, 37: 997-1007. PMID: 23206664, PMCID: PMC3674220, DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2012.11.013.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTourette syndromeAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderObsessive-compulsive disorderTreatment of TSImpaired sensorimotor gatingPercent of childrenImpulse control disordersDeficit hyperactivity disorderSomatic hypersensitivityTic symptomsPhonic ticsPurposeless movementsTic disordersClinical assessmentSensorimotor gatingControl disordersProper diagnosisMuscle groupsPremonitory urgesNeuropsychiatric disordersHyperactivity disorderDisordersAppropriate evaluationSyndromeSensory phenomena
2011
Involvement of immunologic and biochemical mechanisms in the pathogenesis of Tourette’s syndrome
Landau YE, Steinberg T, Richmand B, Leckman JF, Apter A. Involvement of immunologic and biochemical mechanisms in the pathogenesis of Tourette’s syndrome. Journal Of Neural Transmission 2011, 119: 621-626. PMID: 22139323, PMCID: PMC3936959, DOI: 10.1007/s00702-011-0739-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTourette syndrome groupTourette syndromeSyndrome groupHealthy age-matched control subjectsTertiary pediatric medical centerAge-matched control subjectsIgG-4 levelsPediatric medical centerNovel therapeutic modalitiesNon-ceruloplasmin copperQuantitative immunoglobulinsImmunological markersControl subjectsHealthy childrenMedical recordsPhonic ticsMedical CenterTherapeutic modalitiesControl groupBiochemical markersSyndromeDemographic dataBiochemical indicesOxidative stressNeurodevelopmental disorders
2010
Pathological laughter in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome: An unusual phonic tic
Cavanna AE, Ali F, Leckman JF, Robertson MM. Pathological laughter in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome: An unusual phonic tic. Movement Disorders 2010, 25: 2233-2239. PMID: 20683924, DOI: 10.1002/mds.23216.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPathological laughterPhonic ticsTourette syndromeGilles de la Tourette's syndromeLa Tourette's syndromeCase seriesPathophysiological mechanismsNeurological conditionsLimbic networkTic phenomenologyPremonitory urgesSignificant impairmentGilles deInappropriate outburstsPatientsSyndromeSymptomsSubjectsInappropriate behaviorImpairment
2009
Children with Tourette's Syndrome May Suffer Immunoglobulin A Dysgammaglobulinemia: Preliminary Report
Kawikova I, Grady BP, Tobiasova Z, Zhang Y, Vojdani A, Katsovich L, Richmand BJ, Park TW, Bothwell AL, Leckman JF. Children with Tourette's Syndrome May Suffer Immunoglobulin A Dysgammaglobulinemia: Preliminary Report. Biological Psychiatry 2009, 67: 679-683. PMID: 20006327, PMCID: PMC3974615, DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.09.034.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUpper respiratory tract infectionEnzyme-linked immunosorbent assayControl subjectsOCD patientsSex-matched control subjectsRespiratory tract infectionsAntineuronal antibodiesSpecific IgATract infectionsHealthy ageSydenham's choreaTotal IgAMultiple sclerosisObsessive-compulsive disorderSpecific IgGTotal immunoglobulinImmune deficiencyPostinfectious autoimmunityTourette syndromePatientsImmunosorbent assayIgAChoreaSyndromeAntigenClinical course of Tourette syndrome
Bloch MH, Leckman JF. Clinical course of Tourette syndrome. Journal Of Psychosomatic Research 2009, 67: 497-501. PMID: 19913654, PMCID: PMC3974606, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2009.09.002.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTourette syndromeComorbid conditionsObsessive-compulsive disorderClinical courseLong-term clinical courseChildhood-onset neuropsychiatric disorderEarly adulthoodLong-term outcomesAttention deficit disorderTic symptomsDepressive disorderTic disordersVocal ticsGeneral populationNeuropsychiatric disordersLiterature searchRelevant articlesDisordersSyndromeChildrenAdulthood outcomesOne-thirdSymptomsTraditional literature searchThree-quartersRandomized Trial of Anger Control Training for Adolescents With Tourette's Syndrome and Disruptive Behavior
Sukhodolsky DG, Vitulano LA, Carroll DH, McGuire J, Leckman JF, Scahill L. Randomized Trial of Anger Control Training for Adolescents With Tourette's Syndrome and Disruptive Behavior. Journal Of The American Academy Of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 2009, 48: 413-421. PMID: 19242384, DOI: 10.1097/chi.0b013e3181985050.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsClinical Global Impressions-Improvement scaleTourette syndromeACT groupControl trainingTAU control groupPrimary outcome measureIndependent evaluatorsAnger control trainingRating Scale scoresDisruptive behaviorEnd point evaluationLarge trialsBehavior rating scale scoresRandomized subjectsTAU conditionOutcome measuresScale scoreControl groupSyndromeRating ScaleACT conditionBehavior Rating ScaleAdolescentsTrialsDisruptive Behavior Rating Scale
2007
Deep brain stimulation in Tourette's syndrome
Bajwa RJ, de Lotbinière AJ, King RA, Jabbari B, Quatrano S, Kunze K, Scahill L, Leckman JF. Deep brain stimulation in Tourette's syndrome. Movement Disorders 2007, 22: 1346-1350. PMID: 17580320, DOI: 10.1002/mds.21398.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDeep brain stimulationBilateral deep brain stimulationTourette syndromeBrain stimulationIntractable Tourette syndromeProgressive neurological impairmentAdult patientsSevere ticsObsessive-compulsive disorderNeurological impairmentMotor ticsMedial partSyndromeHead jerkThalamusStimulationPatientsImpairmentGood effect