2000
Effects of Caffeine on Muscle Glycogen Utilization and the Neuroendocrine Axis during Exercise1
Laurent D, Schneider K, Prusaczyk W, Franklin C, Vogel S, Krssak M, Petersen K, Goforth H, Shulman G. Effects of Caffeine on Muscle Glycogen Utilization and the Neuroendocrine Axis during Exercise1. The Journal Of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 2000, 85: 2170-2175. PMID: 10852448, DOI: 10.1210/jcem.85.6.6655.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMuscle glycogen contentMuscle glycogen utilizationGlycogen contentCaffeine ingestionNeuroendocrine axisGlycogen utilizationGlycogen-sparing effectFree fatty acid concentrationsBeta-endorphin levelsCaffeine-treated groupExercise-induced glycogen depletionMaximal oxygen consumptionEffects of caffeineHigher muscle glycogen contentPlacebo groupExercise enduranceFatty acid concentrationsPlasma concentrationsNeuroendocrine hormonesCortisol releaseProlonged exerciseGlycogen depletionPlasma lactateNormal valuesThigh muscles
1998
Effect of epinephrine on muscle glycogenolysis and insulin-stimulated muscle glycogen synthesis in humans
Laurent D, Petersen K, Russell R, Cline G, Shulman G. Effect of epinephrine on muscle glycogenolysis and insulin-stimulated muscle glycogen synthesis in humans. American Journal Of Physiology 1998, 274: e130-e138. PMID: 9458758, DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1998.274.1.e130.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInsulin-stimulated muscle glycogen synthesisMuscle glycogen synthesisMuscle glycogenolysisEpinephrine infusionPhysiological increaseWhole-body glucose oxidationMuscle glycogen synthesis ratesPlasma epinephrine concentrationEuglycemic hyperinsulinemic clampGlucose infusion rateEffect of epinephrineGlycogen synthesisInsulin-stimulated glycogenesisBasal insulinControl subjectsPlasma glucoseEpinephrine concentrationsFree fatty acidsBasal valuesInfusion rateGlycogen synthesis rateMuscle glycogenEpinephrineGlycogenolysisMajor impairment
1995
Local Ventromedial Hypothalamus Glucopenia Triggers Counterregulatory Hormone Release
Borg W, Sherwin R, During M, Borg M, Shulman G. Local Ventromedial Hypothalamus Glucopenia Triggers Counterregulatory Hormone Release. Diabetes 1995, 44: 180-184. PMID: 7859938, DOI: 10.2337/diab.44.2.180.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsVentromedial hypothalamusFrontal lobeMicrodialysis probeCounterregulatory hormone releaseCellular glucopeniaCounterregulatory hormonesCounterregulatory responsesPlasma glucagonPlasma glucoseLocal perfusionHormone releaseCerebral tissueStriking elevationControl groupGlucopeniaBrain tissueGlucopenic agentHypoglycemiaRatsTwofold increaseLobeTissueNorepinephrineHypothalamusEpinephrineContribution of Hepatic Glycogenolysis to Glucose Production in Humans in Response to a Physiological Increase in Plasma Glucagon Concentration
Magnusson I, Rothman D, Gerard D, Katz L, Shulman G. Contribution of Hepatic Glycogenolysis to Glucose Production in Humans in Response to a Physiological Increase in Plasma Glucagon Concentration. Diabetes 1995, 44: 185-189. PMID: 7859939, DOI: 10.2337/diab.44.2.185.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNet hepatic glycogenolysisLiver glycogen concentrationPlasma glucagon concentrationsHepatic glycogenolysisGlucagon concentrationsGlycogen concentrationLiver volumeGlucose productionPlasma glucose concentrationOverall glucose productionTwo-compartment modelHealthy subjectsPhysiological incrementsPhysiological increaseGlucose appearanceSame time periodMagnetic resonance imagesGlucose kineticsBaseline RaInfusionGlycogenolysisGlucose concentrationResonance imagesMumol
1993
Inhibitory Effect of Pregnancy on Counterregulatory Hormone Responses to Hypoglycemia in Awake Rat
Rossi G, Lapaczewski P, Diamond M, Jacob R, Shulman G, Sherwin R. Inhibitory Effect of Pregnancy on Counterregulatory Hormone Responses to Hypoglycemia in Awake Rat. Diabetes 1993, 42: 1440-1445. PMID: 8375583, DOI: 10.2337/diab.42.10.1440.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPregnant ratsGlucagon responseNonpregnant controlsAwake pregnant ratsCounterregulatory hormone responsesIntensive insulin treatmentRelease of epinephrineHypoglycemia risk factorsHypoglycemic clamp studiesDiabetic pregnanciesGlucose counterregulationMaternal hypoglycemiaHypoglycemic stimulusEpinephrine releaseEpinephrine levelsMild hypoglycemiaBrisk responseNonfasting stateRisk factorsAwake ratsInsulin treatmentKetone levelsClamp studiesGlucose levelsNonfasted state