2000
Toward a Developmental Operational Definition of Autism
Gillham J, Carter A, Volkmar F, Sparrow S. Toward a Developmental Operational Definition of Autism. Journal Of Autism And Developmental Disorders 2000, 30: 269-278. PMID: 11039854, DOI: 10.1023/a:1005571115268.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMental ageSocialization scoresChronological ageDevelopmental disordersVineland Adaptive Behavior ScalesLarge normative sampleDaily living skillsAdaptive behavior scoresTraditional diagnostic schemeDiagnosis of autismAdaptive Behavior ScalesAutism groupIntellectual functioningNormative sampleMaladaptive behaviorsChild communicationVineland scoresDevelopmental levelBasis of socializationSerious maladaptive behaviorsLiving skillsStandardized measuresAutismBehavior ScaleAdaptive behavior
1993
Quantifying Social Development in Autism
VOLKMAR F, CARTER A, SPARROW S, CICCHETTI D. Quantifying Social Development in Autism. Journal Of The American Academy Of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 1993, 32: 627-632. PMID: 7684364, DOI: 10.1097/00004583-199305000-00020.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSocial skillsVineland Adaptive Behavior ScalesSocial developmentDaily living skillsAdaptive Behavior ScalesDefinition of autismMental ageNormative sampleAutistic groupLiving skillsBehavior ScaleAutismChronological ageSocial disturbancesSkillsRelevant variablesAutisticPrecise measureMultiple regression equationMeasuresQuantitative measuresChildrenFindingsAgeDevelopment