2017
New insights into the evolutionary origins of the recombination‐activating gene proteins and V(D)J recombination
Carmona LM, Schatz DG. New insights into the evolutionary origins of the recombination‐activating gene proteins and V(D)J recombination. The FEBS Journal 2017, 284: 1590-1605. PMID: 27973733, PMCID: PMC5459667, DOI: 10.1111/febs.13990.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTransposable elementsEvolutionary originRAG proteinsAbsence of RAG2Independent evolutionary originsBasal chordate amphioxusRecombination-activating gene (RAG) proteinsFamily of transposasesAntigen receptor genesRAG transposonChordate amphioxusJawed vertebratesSequence similarityEvolutionary relativesProteins RAG1RAG genesGene proteinRAG1Gene segmentsDiverse arrayMechanistic linkProteinRAG2Adaptive immune systemDNA cleavage reaction
1996
Neoteny in Lymphocytes: Rag1 and Rag2 Expression in Germinal Center B Cells
Han S, Zheng B, Schatz D, Spanopoulou E, Kelsoe G. Neoteny in Lymphocytes: Rag1 and Rag2 Expression in Germinal Center B Cells. Science 1996, 274: 2094-2097. PMID: 8953043, DOI: 10.1126/science.274.5295.2094.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsB-LymphocytesDNA NucleotidyltransferasesDNA-Binding ProteinsFemaleGene ExpressionGene RearrangementGenes, ImmunoglobulinGenes, RAG-1Germinal CenterHomeodomain ProteinsImmunizationImmunoglobulin Class SwitchingLymphocyte ActivationMiceMice, Inbred C57BLPolymerase Chain ReactionProtein BiosynthesisProteinsVDJ RecombinasesConceptsGerminal center B cellsAntigen receptor genesT cell antigen receptor genesRAG2 proteinsB cellsRAG2 geneRAG genesRAG2 expressionFunctional immunoglobulinPeyer's patch germinal centersMessenger RNAGenesRAG1Receptor geneActivated B cellsNormal adult animalsLymphocyte populationsImmature lymphocytesGerminal centersBone marrowMurine splenicAntibody repertoireCellsAdult animalsExpression
1995
Down-regulation of RAG1 and RAG2 gene expression in PreB cells after functional immunoglobulin heavy chain rearrangement
Grawunder U, Leu T, Schatz D, Werner A, Rolink A, Melchers F, Winkler T. Down-regulation of RAG1 and RAG2 gene expression in PreB cells after functional immunoglobulin heavy chain rearrangement. Immunity 1995, 3: 601-608. PMID: 7584150, DOI: 10.1016/1074-7613(95)90131-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsB-LymphocytesBase SequenceCell DifferentiationCell LineDNA-Binding ProteinsDown-RegulationFemaleFlow CytometryGene Rearrangement, B-LymphocyteHomeodomain ProteinsImmunoglobulin Heavy ChainsMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, Inbred DBAMice, Inbred StrainsMolecular Sequence DataPolymerase Chain ReactionProtein BiosynthesisProteinsProto-Oncogene Proteins c-kitReceptors, Antigen, B-CellRNA, MessengerConceptsRAG2 gene expressionPreB cellsGene expressionFunctional immunoglobulin genesPreB-II cellsPreB cell receptorB cell developmentCell cycle statusHeavy chain allelesRAG2 proteinsPostranscriptional levelImmature B cellsRAG genesGene productsTranscriptional levelProductive rearrangementsMouse bone marrowCell developmentDifferential surface expressionImmunoglobulin genesRAG1Cell surfaceRAG2 mRNAGenesCycle status