Non-linear associations between HPA axis activity during infancy and mental health difficulties during early childhood among children in rural Pakistan.
Frost A, Hagaman A, Baranov V, Chung EO, Bhalotra S, Sikander S, Maselko J. Non-linear associations between HPA axis activity during infancy and mental health difficulties during early childhood among children in rural Pakistan. Development And Psychopathology 2022, 35: 2086-2095. PMID: 35959681, PMCID: PMC9922341, DOI: 10.1017/s0954579422000773.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHPA axis activityMental health difficultiesAxis activityHealth difficultiesEarly childhoodHypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis activityPituitary-adrenal axis activitySDQ scoresAdrenal axis activityNon-linear associationLongitudinal cohortDepression trialsQuadratic associationHair cortisolDehydroepiandosteroneRural PakistanMental healthCortisolEarly adversitySignificant quadratic associationDifficulties QuestionnaireLow-resource contextsChildhoodChildrenAssociationThe Day‐in‐the‐Life method for assessing infant caregiving in rural Pakistan
O'Donnell K, Gallis J, Turner E, Hagaman A, Scherer E, Sikander S, Maselko J. The Day‐in‐the‐Life method for assessing infant caregiving in rural Pakistan. Family Relations 2022, 72: 1237-1253. PMID: 37346745, PMCID: PMC10281745, DOI: 10.1111/fare.12706.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchDepression symptomsPatient health questionnaire-9 measuresMaternal mental healthMaternal depression symptomsExcellent interrater agreementFamily membersCohort studyFamily members' rolesChild healthCaregiving activitiesRural PakistanMental healthMultiple family membersSymptomsMothersInterrater agreementRegression analysisInfantsInfant caregivingChild caregivingCareCaregivingDaysChildrenAssociation