Featured Publications
Individualising intensive systolic blood pressure reduction in hypertension using computational trial phenomaps and machine learning: a post-hoc analysis of randomised clinical trials
Oikonomou EK, Spatz ES, Suchard MA, Khera R. Individualising intensive systolic blood pressure reduction in hypertension using computational trial phenomaps and machine learning: a post-hoc analysis of randomised clinical trials. The Lancet Digital Health 2022, 4: e796-e805. PMID: 36307193, PMCID: PMC9768739, DOI: 10.1016/s2589-7500(22)00170-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSystolic blood pressure controlBlood pressure controlIntensive systolic blood pressure controlType 2 diabetesPressure controlCardiovascular benefitsClinical trialsMajor adverse cardiovascular eventsFirst major adverse cardiovascular eventLarge randomised clinical trialsACCORD-BP trialAdverse cardiovascular eventsRandomised clinical trialsSystolic blood pressureCox regression analysisTreatment effectsHazard ratio estimatesACCORD-BPBP trialCardiovascular eventsBlood pressurePrimary outcomeStandard treatmentBaseline variablesIndex patients
2024
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospital-based heart failure care in New South Wales, Australia: a linked data cohort study
McIntyre D, Quintans D, Kazi S, Min H, He W, Marschner S, Khera R, Nassar N, Chow C. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospital-based heart failure care in New South Wales, Australia: a linked data cohort study. BMC Health Services Research 2024, 24: 1364. PMID: 39516863, PMCID: PMC11545568, DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-11840-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHeart failure careNew South WalesHospital admissionHealth service utilisationAdministrative health recordsPrimary diagnosis of heart failureData cohort studyRate of admissionPre-pandemicHealth of patientsSouth WalesCOVID-19 pandemicHospital utilisationService utilisationHealth recordsED presentationsMortality dataDiagnosis of heart failureCOVID-19 burdenEmergency departmentCohort studyPrimary diagnosisData collectionCareAustralian dataNatural Language Processing of Clinical Documentation to Assess Functional Status in Patients With Heart Failure
Adejumo P, Thangaraj P, Dhingra L, Aminorroaya A, Zhou X, Brandt C, Xu H, Krumholz H, Khera R. Natural Language Processing of Clinical Documentation to Assess Functional Status in Patients With Heart Failure. JAMA Network Open 2024, 7: e2443925. PMID: 39509128, PMCID: PMC11544492, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.43925.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFunctional status assessmentArea under the receiver operating characteristic curveClinical documentationElectronic health record dataHF symptomsOptimal care deliveryHealth record dataAssess functional statusStatus assessmentClinical trial participationProcessing of clinical documentsFunctional status groupCare deliveryOutpatient careMain OutcomesMedical notesTrial participantsNew York Heart AssociationFunctional statusQuality improvementRecord dataHeart failureClinical notesDiagnostic studiesStatus groupsRacial and Ethnic Disparities in Age-Specific All-Cause Mortality During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Faust J, Renton B, Bongiovanni T, Chen A, Sheares K, Du C, Essien U, Fuentes-Afflick E, Haywood T, Khera R, King T, Li S, Lin Z, Lu Y, Marshall A, Ndumele C, Opara I, Loarte-Rodriguez T, Sawano M, Taparra K, Taylor H, Watson K, Yancy C, Krumholz H. Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Age-Specific All-Cause Mortality During the COVID-19 Pandemic. JAMA Network Open 2024, 7: e2438918. PMID: 39392630, PMCID: PMC11581672, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38918.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCOVID-19 public health emergencyNon-HispanicPublic health emergencyOther Pacific IslanderExcess mortalityAlaska NativesUS populationExcess deathsRates of excess mortalityCross-sectional study analyzed dataYears of potential lifeMortality relative riskNon-Hispanic whitesCross-sectional studyPacific IslandersStudy analyzed dataAll-cause mortalityEthnic groupsMortality disparitiesMortality ratioTotal populationDeath certificatesEthnic disparitiesMain OutcomesDecedent ageCause-Specific Mortality Rates Among the US Black Population
Arun A, Caraballo C, Sawano M, Lu Y, Khera R, Yancy C, Krumholz H. Cause-Specific Mortality Rates Among the US Black Population. JAMA Network Open 2024, 7: e2436402. PMID: 39348122, PMCID: PMC11443349, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.36402.Commentaries, Editorials and LettersComparative Effectiveness of Second-Line Antihyperglycemic Agents for Cardiovascular Outcomes A Multinational, Federated Analysis of LEGEND-T2DM
Khera R, Aminorroaya A, Dhingra L, Thangaraj P, Pedroso Camargos A, Bu F, Ding X, Nishimura A, Anand T, Arshad F, Blacketer C, Chai Y, Chattopadhyay S, Cook M, Dorr D, Duarte-Salles T, DuVall S, Falconer T, French T, Hanchrow E, Kaur G, Lau W, Li J, Li K, Liu Y, Lu Y, Man K, Matheny M, Mathioudakis N, McLeggon J, McLemore M, Minty E, Morales D, Nagy P, Ostropolets A, Pistillo A, Phan T, Pratt N, Reyes C, Richter L, Ross J, Ruan E, Seager S, Simon K, Viernes B, Yang J, Yin C, You S, Zhou J, Ryan P, Schuemie M, Krumholz H, Hripcsak G, Suchard M. Comparative Effectiveness of Second-Line Antihyperglycemic Agents for Cardiovascular Outcomes A Multinational, Federated Analysis of LEGEND-T2DM. Journal Of The American College Of Cardiology 2024, 84: 904-917. PMID: 39197980, DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2024.05.069.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGLP-1 RAsSecond-line agentsGLP-1Antihyperglycemic agentsCardiovascular diseaseMACE riskGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonistsSodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitorsPeptide-1 receptor agonistsDipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitorsEffects of SGLT2isType 2 diabetes mellitusPeptidase-4 inhibitorsAdverse cardiovascular eventsCox proportional hazards modelsRandom-effects meta-analysisCardiovascular risk reductionTarget trial emulationProportional hazards modelPerformance of contemporary cardiovascular risk stratification scores in Brazil: an evaluation in the ELSA-Brasil study
Camargos A, Barreto S, Brant L, Ribeiro A, Dhingra L, Aminorroaya A, Bittencourt M, Figueiredo R, Khera R. Performance of contemporary cardiovascular risk stratification scores in Brazil: an evaluation in the ELSA-Brasil study. Open Heart 2024, 11: e002762. PMID: 38862252, PMCID: PMC11168182, DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2024-002762.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPooled Cohort EquationsELSA-BrasilRisk scoreCardiovascular diseaseCVD eventsCommunity-based cohort studyArea under the receiver operating characteristic curveCVD risk scoreELSA-Brasil studyIncident CVD eventsMiddle-income countriesAdjudicated CVD eventsCardiovascular disease riskCVD scoreCohort EquationsNational guidelinesRisk stratification scoresWhite womenAge/sex groupsCohort studyProspective cohortLMICsSex/race groupsHigher incomeRisk discrimination
2023
Use of Wearable Devices in Individuals With or at Risk for Cardiovascular Disease in the US, 2019 to 2020
Dhingra L, Aminorroaya A, Oikonomou E, Nargesi A, Wilson F, Krumholz H, Khera R. Use of Wearable Devices in Individuals With or at Risk for Cardiovascular Disease in the US, 2019 to 2020. JAMA Network Open 2023, 6: e2316634. PMID: 37285157, PMCID: PMC10248745, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.16634.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHealth Information National Trends SurveyUS adultsExacerbate disparitiesWearable device usersCardiovascular diseaseCardiovascular healthPopulation-based cross-sectional studySelf-reported cardiovascular diseaseCardiovascular disease risk factorsNational Trends SurveyOverall US adult populationCardiovascular risk factor profileSelf-reported accessAssociated with lower useUse of wearable devicesImprove cardiovascular healthLower household incomeLower educational attainmentUS adult populationRisk factor profileNationally representative sampleCross-sectional studyProportion of adultsTrends SurveyWearable device dataSex Difference in Outcomes of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Young Patients
Sawano M, Lu Y, Caraballo C, Mahajan S, Dreyer R, Lichtman J, D'Onofrio G, Spatz E, Khera R, Onuma O, Murugiah K, Spertus J, Krumholz H. Sex Difference in Outcomes of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Young Patients. Journal Of The American College Of Cardiology 2023, 81: 1797-1806. PMID: 37137590, DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.03.383.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAcute myocardial infarctionNoncardiac hospitalizationsSubdistribution HRYounger patientsMyocardial infarctionSex differencesYoung womenCause-specific hospitalizationsCause of hospitalizationWorse health statusSignificant sex disparityNoncardiovascular hospitalizationsVIRGO StudyIndex episodeAdverse outcomesIncidence rateHospitalizationHigh riskSex disparitiesHealth statusPatientsU.S. hospitalsWomenInfarctionOutcomesNonexercise machine learning models for maximal oxygen uptake prediction in national population surveys.
Liu Y, Herrin J, Huang C, Khera R, Dhingra L, Dong W, Mortazavi B, Krumholz H, Lu Y. Nonexercise machine learning models for maximal oxygen uptake prediction in national population surveys. Journal Of The American Medical Informatics Association 2023, 30: 943-952. PMID: 36905605, PMCID: PMC10114129, DOI: 10.1093/jamia/ocad035.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchQuantifying Blood Pressure Visit-to-Visit Variability in the Real-World Setting: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Lu Y, Linderman G, Mahajan S, Liu Y, Huang C, Khera R, Mortazavi B, Spatz E, Krumholz H. Quantifying Blood Pressure Visit-to-Visit Variability in the Real-World Setting: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Circulation Cardiovascular Quality And Outcomes 2023, 16: e009258. PMID: 36883456, DOI: 10.1161/circoutcomes.122.009258.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRetrospective cohort studyBlood pressure valuesPatient characteristicsReal-world settingCohort studyPatient subgroupsYale New Haven Health SystemMean body mass indexSystolic blood pressure valuesBlood pressure visitHistory of hypertensionCoronary artery diseaseManagement of patientsMultivariable linear regression modelsBlood pressure readingsBody mass indexPatient-level measuresBlood pressure variationAbsolute standardized differencesNon-Hispanic whitesAntihypertensive medicationsReal-world practiceVisit variabilityArtery diseaseRegression models
2022
Time in therapeutic range for targeted temperature management and outcomes following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Wheelock K, Chan P, Chen L, de Lemos J, Miller P, Nallamothu B, Girotra S, Khera R. Time in therapeutic range for targeted temperature management and outcomes following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 2022, 182: 109650. PMID: 36442596, PMCID: PMC9885789, DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2022.11.016.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFavorable neurologic outcomeHospital cardiac arrestTherapeutic rangeNeurologic outcomeOverall survivalTemperature managementCardiac arrestFavorable neurologic survivalFavorable neurological outcomeRetrospective cohort studyTargeted temperature managementHigh therapeutic rangeRisk-adjusted analysisComatose survivorsNeurologic survivalNeurological outcomeCohort studyHospital dischargeMedian durationMedian timeCurrent guidelinesCompression trialTreatment targetsSignificant associationGoal temperatureMeasures of Financial Hardship From Health Care Expenses Among Families With a Member With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in the US
Wang SY, Valero-Elizondo J, Cainzos-Achirica M, Desai NR, Nasir K, Khera R. Measures of Financial Hardship From Health Care Expenses Among Families With a Member With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in the US. JAMA Health Forum 2022, 3: e221962. PMID: 35977226, PMCID: PMC9308060, DOI: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2022.1962.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFinancial hardshipFinancial burdenPocket medical expensesMedical Expenditure Panel SurveyHealth care expensesHigher incomePanel SurveyHealth careCare expensesFinancial consequencesHealth care costsForgone carePublic insuranceMedical billsSubstantial financial burdenMedical expensesIncomeDisparate measuresHardshipCare costsRepresentative surveySubjective measuresComprehensive frameworkExpenseInsuranceSex-Specific Risk Factors Associated With First Acute Myocardial Infarction in Young Adults
Lu Y, Li SX, Liu Y, Rodriguez F, Watson KE, Dreyer RP, Khera R, Murugiah K, D’Onofrio G, Spatz ES, Nasir K, Masoudi FA, Krumholz HM. Sex-Specific Risk Factors Associated With First Acute Myocardial Infarction in Young Adults. JAMA Network Open 2022, 5: e229953. PMID: 35503221, PMCID: PMC9066284, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.9953.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFirst acute myocardial infarctionAcute myocardial infarctionPsychosocial risk factorsRisk factor profilePopulation attributable fractionRisk factor associationsRisk factorsOdds ratioYoung womenAMI subtypesMyocardial infarctionPrevention of AMIType 1 acute myocardial infarctionFactor profileRisk of AMITraditional cardiovascular risk factorsSex-specific risk factorsFactor associationsYoung adultsRisk factor modificationCardiovascular risk factorsStrong associationNutrition Examination SurveyCase-control studyPopulation-based controlsPhenomapping-Derived Tool to Individualize the Effect of Canagliflozin on Cardiovascular Risk in Type 2 Diabetes.
Oikonomou EK, Suchard MA, McGuire DK, Khera R. Phenomapping-Derived Tool to Individualize the Effect of Canagliflozin on Cardiovascular Risk in Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2022, 45: 965-974. PMID: 35120199, PMCID: PMC9016734, DOI: 10.2337/dc21-1765.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCanagliflozin Cardiovascular Assessment StudyMajor adverse cardiovascular eventsType 2 diabetesHazard ratioSodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitorsCardiovascular disease benefitAdverse cardiovascular eventsCotransporter 2 inhibitorsEffects of canagliflozinCanagliflozin dosesCanagliflozin's effectsCardiovascular eventsCardiovascular riskPatients 5Cardioprotective effectsSGLT2 inhibitorsDisease benefitBaseline variablesOriginal trialCanagliflozinType 2DiabetesPatientsRisk estimatesEffect estimates
2021
Scope of Practice of US Interventional Cardiologists from an Analysis of Medicare Billing Data
Murugiah K, Chen L, Castro-Dominguez Y, Khera R, Krumholz HM. Scope of Practice of US Interventional Cardiologists from an Analysis of Medicare Billing Data. The American Journal Of Cardiology 2021, 160: 40-45. PMID: 34610872, DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2021.08.041.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchFinancial Hardship From Medical Bills Among Adults With Chronic Liver Diseases: National Estimates From the United States
Lago‐Hernandez C, Nguyen NH, Khera R, Loomba R, Asrani SK, Singh S. Financial Hardship From Medical Bills Among Adults With Chronic Liver Diseases: National Estimates From the United States. Hepatology 2021, 74: 1509-1522. PMID: 33772833, DOI: 10.1002/hep.31835.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsChronic liver diseaseScope and Social Determinants of Food Insecurity Among Adults With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in the United States
Mahajan S, Grandhi GR, Valero‐Elizondo J, Mszar R, Khera R, Acquah I, Yahya T, Virani SS, Blankstein R, Blaha MJ, Cainzos‐Achirica M, Nasir K. Scope and Social Determinants of Food Insecurity Among Adults With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in the United States. Journal Of The American Heart Association 2021, 10: e020028. PMID: 34387089, PMCID: PMC8475063, DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.020028.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHigh-risk characteristicsUS adultsNational Health Interview Survey dataHealth Interview Survey dataAtherosclerotic cardiovascular diseaseCoronary heart diseaseSelf-reported diagnosisNon-Hispanic blacksInterview Survey dataFood Security Survey ModuleCardiovascular disease resultsLow family incomeAdult Food Security Survey ModuleFood insecurityHeart diseaseASCVDCardiovascular diseasePocket healthcare expenditureHigher oddsSociodemographic determinantsDisease resultsStudy participantsSocial determinantsHealthcare expendituresSociodemographic subgroupsRepeated cross-sectional analysis of hydroxychloroquine deimplementation in the AHA COVID-19 CVD Registry
Bradley SM, Emmons-Bell S, Mutharasan RK, Rodriguez F, Gupta D, Roth G, Gluckman TJ, Shah RU, Wang TY, Khera R, Peterson PN, Das S. Repeated cross-sectional analysis of hydroxychloroquine deimplementation in the AHA COVID-19 CVD Registry. Scientific Reports 2021, 11: 15097. PMID: 34302004, PMCID: PMC8302649, DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94203-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCOVID-19Use of hydroxychloroquineActive COVID-19Cross-sectional analysisRandomized trialsIneffective therapyNational registryMedian useClinical careClinical informationDeimplementationU.S. hospitalsOverall proportionLittle dataHydroxychloroquineFurther studiesPatientsRegistryTherapyHospitalTrialsCareCost-Related Nonadherence to Medications Among US Adults With Chronic Liver Diseases
Lago-Hernandez C, Nguyen NH, Khera R, Loomba R, Asrani SK, Singh S. Cost-Related Nonadherence to Medications Among US Adults With Chronic Liver Diseases. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 2021, 96: 2639-2650. PMID: 34120754, PMCID: PMC8492496, DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2021.02.026.Peer-Reviewed Original Research