2005
Liver enzyme values in injection drug users with chronic hepatitis C
Mehta S, Netski D, Sulkowski M, Strathdee S, Vlahov D, Thomas D. Liver enzyme values in injection drug users with chronic hepatitis C. Digestive And Liver Disease 2005, 37: 674-680. PMID: 15951255, DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2005.03.009.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHepatitis C virusHepatitis C virus-infected personsAcute viral hepatitisLiver enzyme valuesVirus-infected personsC virusAminotransferase levelsViral hepatitisAlanine aminotransferaseAlanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase ratioChronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infectionEnzyme valuesHepatitis C virus infectionAspartate aminotransferase ratioC virus infectionChronic hepatitis CHigher alanine aminotransferaseInjection drug usersHepatitis CAminotransferase ratioSerologic testingLiver enzymesULNVirus infectionDrug usersCommunity Incidence of Hepatitis B and C among Reincarcerated Women
Macalino G, Vlahov D, Dickinson B, Schwartzapfel B, Rich J. Community Incidence of Hepatitis B and C among Reincarcerated Women. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2005, 41: 998-1002. PMID: 16142665, DOI: 10.1086/432936.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHepatitis B virusIncidence of HBVHCV infectionHepatitis BHepatitis C virus infectionC virus infectionDrug treatment servicesDrug-dependent personsIncident infectionsHIV testingBaseline prevalenceB virusCommunity incidenceIncidence rateVirus infectionTreatment servicesDrug useDrug dependenceInfectious diseasesInfectionSerum samplesIncidenceStudy periodWomenHCV
2004
An analysis of tumor necrosis factor α gene polymorphisms and haplotypes with natural clearance of hepatitis C virus infection
Thio C, Goedert J, Mosbruger T, Vlahov D, Strathdee S, O'Brien S, Astemborski J, Thomas D. An analysis of tumor necrosis factor α gene polymorphisms and haplotypes with natural clearance of hepatitis C virus infection. Genes & Immunity 2004, 5: 294-300. PMID: 15071492, DOI: 10.1038/sj.gene.6364072.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHepatitis C virus infectionC virus infectionHuman leukocyte antigenHCV infectionSingle nucleotide polymorphismsVirus infectionBlack subjectsTumor Necrosis Factor-α Gene PolymorphismsNecrosis factor-α gene polymorphismsCytokine tumor necrosis factor alphaTNF single nucleotide polymorphismsTumor necrosis factor alphaRole of TNFFunction of TNFΑ gene polymorphismsNecrosis factor alphaCohort of individualsHCV outcomesHCV clearanceViral clearanceLeukocyte antigenViral persistenceFactor alphaImmune responseNatural clearanceMICA and recovery from hepatitis C virus and hepatitis B virus infections
Karacki P, Gao X, Thio C, Thomas D, Goedert J, Vlahov D, Kaslow R, Strathdee S, Hilgartner M, O'Brien S, Carrington M. MICA and recovery from hepatitis C virus and hepatitis B virus infections. Genes & Immunity 2004, 5: 261-266. PMID: 15029237, DOI: 10.1038/sj.gene.6364065.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHepatitis C virusHepatitis B virus infectionChronic hepatitis BB virus infectionHepatitis BC virusVirus infectionMICA polymorphismNatural killer cellsHBV infectionHCV infectionHepatitis CKiller cellsViral clearanceViral persistenceT cellsStudy populationMICA allelesSignificant associationInfectionFurther investigationVirusAssociationPersonsDifferential distribution
2003
Variability in the Incidence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis B Virus, and Hepatitis C Virus Infection among Young Injecting Drug Users in New York City
Des Jarlais D, Diaz T, Perlis T, Vlahov D, Maslow C, Latka M, Rockwell R, Edwards V, Friedman S, Monterroso E, Williams I, Garfein R. Variability in the Incidence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis B Virus, and Hepatitis C Virus Infection among Young Injecting Drug Users in New York City. American Journal Of Epidemiology 2003, 157: 467-471. PMID: 12615611, DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwf222.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHepatitis B virusHuman immunodeficiency virusHepatitis C virusImmunodeficiency virusB virusDrug usersHepatitis C virus infectionC virus infectionInjecting Drug UsersHigh HIV seroprevalenceHigh rateHBV incidenceHCV incidenceHCV transmissionCohort studyHIV seroprevalenceHIV incidenceHIV transmissionYoung Injecting Drug UsersC virusVirus infectionNew York CityIncidenceVirusYork City
2002
Prospective study of infective endocarditis among injection drug users
Wilson L, Thomas D, Astemborski J, Freedman T, Vlahov D. Prospective study of infective endocarditis among injection drug users. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2002, 185: 1761-1766. PMID: 12085322, DOI: 10.1086/340827.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersInfective endocarditisHIV-seronegative injection drug usersDrug usersHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionCohort of IDUsInjection drug use behaviorsCD4 lymphocyte countImmunodeficiency virus infectionCase-control studyDrug use frequencyDrug use behaviorsHIV immunosuppressionLymphocyte countCase patientsHIV statusAlcohol intakeProspective studyInverse associationRisk factorsVirus infectionMultivariate analysisEndocarditisHIVIncidenceHigh Prevalence of Iron Deficiency and Anemia Among Female Injection Drug Users With and Without HIV Infection.
Semba R, Shah N, Strathdee S, Vlahov D. High Prevalence of Iron Deficiency and Anemia Among Female Injection Drug Users With and Without HIV Infection. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2002, 29: 142. PMID: 11832682, DOI: 10.1097/00042560-200202010-00005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFemale injection drug usersInjection drug usersIron deficiency anemiaHIV infectionDeficiency anemiaIron deficiencyIron supplementationDrug usersHigh mortalityHepatitis C virus infectionC virus infectionHIV-negative womenHepatitis C infectionPrevalence of anemiaHepatitis C virusCross-sectional studyProgression of diseaseC infectionPlasma ferritinC virusOverall prevalenceHigh prevalenceVirus infectionAnemia patientsAnemiaHigh Prevalence of Iron Deficiency and Anemia Among Female Injection Drug Users With and Without HIV Infection
Semba R, Shah N, Strathdee S, Vlahov D. High Prevalence of Iron Deficiency and Anemia Among Female Injection Drug Users With and Without HIV Infection. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2002, 29: 142-144. DOI: 10.1097/00126334-200202010-00005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchFemale injection drug usersInjection drug usersIron deficiency anemiaHIV infectionDeficiency anemiaIron deficiencyIron supplementationDrug usersHigh mortalityHepatitis C virus infectionC virus infectionHIV-negative womenHepatitis C infectionPrevalence of anemiaHepatitis C virusCross-sectional studyProgression of diseaseC infectionPlasma ferritinC virusOverall prevalenceHigh prevalenceVirus infectionAnemia patientsAnemia
2001
Dynamics of SEN Virus Infection among Injection Drug Users
Wilson L, Umemura T, Astemborski J, Ray S, Alter H, Strathdee S, Vlahov D, Thomas D. Dynamics of SEN Virus Infection among Injection Drug Users. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2001, 184: 1315-1319. PMID: 11679921, DOI: 10.1086/324001.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersSEN virusDrug usersSEN virus infectionSENV-H DNASENV-H infectionPosttransfusion hepatitisSENV infectionViral clearancePolymerase chain reactionViral persistenceClinical significanceVirus infectionInfectionSerum samplesChain reactionReinfectionVirusDNA virusesHepatitisClearanceHighly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Associated with Improved Anemia Among HIV-Infected Women
Semba R, Shah N, Klein R, Mayer K, Schuman P, Gardner L, Vlahov D. Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Associated with Improved Anemia Among HIV-Infected Women. AIDS Patient Care And STDs 2001, 15: 473-480. PMID: 11587633, DOI: 10.1089/108729101753145466.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPrevalence of anemiaAntiretroviral therapyHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionActive antiretroviral therapyCombination antiretroviral therapyImmunodeficiency virus infectionHIV-positive womenYears of treatmentIncrease of hemoglobinImproved anemiaMulticenter cohortVirus infectionHAARTAnemiaHIVWomenTherapyLinear regression modelsPrevalenceTreatmentBaselineHemoglobinRegression modelsSignificant changesMonotherapySex Differences in Risk Factors for HIV Seroconversion Among Injection Drug Users: A 10-Year Perspective
Strathdee S, Galai N, Safaiean M, Celentano D, Vlahov D, Johnson L, Nelson K. Sex Differences in Risk Factors for HIV Seroconversion Among Injection Drug Users: A 10-Year Perspective. JAMA Internal Medicine 2001, 161: 1281-1288. PMID: 11371255, DOI: 10.1001/archinte.161.10.1281.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersIncidence of HIVHIV seroconversionRisk factorsProspective studyDrug usersHigh-risk heterosexual activityHuman immunodeficiency virus interventionsHIV-negative injection drug usersHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionFemale injection drug usersImmunodeficiency virus infectionInjection drug useDrug-related risksHomosexual activityTime-dependent covariatesHIV testMedian agePerson yearsDaily injectionsNeedle sharingCocaine injectionHIV riskVirus infectionSeroconversionHuman Immunodeficiency Virus Seroconversion and Evolution of the Hepatitis C Virus Quasispecies
Mao Q, Ray S, Laeyendecker O, Ticehurst J, Strathdee S, Vlahov D, Thomas D. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Seroconversion and Evolution of the Hepatitis C Virus Quasispecies. Journal Of Virology 2001, 75: 3259-3267. PMID: 11238852, PMCID: PMC114119, DOI: 10.1128/jvi.75.7.3259-3267.2001.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virusHCV quasispeciesHypervariable region 1HIV seroconversionChronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infectionE2 hypervariable region 1Hepatitis C virus infectionHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seroconversionRapid HIV disease progressionHepatitis C virus quasispeciesHIV infection altersHIV-associated diseaseChronic HCV infectionC virus infectionHIV disease progressionHCV infectionHCV RNASerum levelsLiver diseaseImmunodeficiency virusDisease progressionRapid progressionVirus infectionNumber of subjectsHCV sequencesFactors associated with prevalent hepatitis C: differences among young adult injection drug users in lower and upper Manhattan, New York City
Diaz T, Des Jarlais D, Vlahov D, Perlis T, Edwards V, Friedman S, Rockwell R, Hoover D, Williams I, Monterroso E. Factors associated with prevalent hepatitis C: differences among young adult injection drug users in lower and upper Manhattan, New York City. American Journal Of Public Health 2001, 91: 23-30. PMID: 11189819, PMCID: PMC1446499, DOI: 10.2105/ajph.91.1.23.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersYoung adult injection drug usersAdult injection drug usersHepatitis B virusDrug usersHCV infectionPrevalent hepatitis C virus infectionHepatitis C virus infectionYoung injection drug usersAnti-HCV positivityPrevalent HCV infectionPrevalent hepatitis CC virus infectionHIV serologyHCV antibodiesHepatitis CB virusVirus infectionDrug treatmentDrug useHCVNew York CitySex practicesInfectionUpper Manhattan
2000
The Natural History of Hepatitis C Virus Infection: Host, Viral, and Environmental Factors
Thomas D, Astemborski J, Rai R, Anania F, Schaeffer M, Galai N, Nolt K, Nelson K, Strathdee S, Johnson L, Laeyendecker O, Boitnott J, Wilson L, Vlahov D. The Natural History of Hepatitis C Virus Infection: Host, Viral, and Environmental Factors. JAMA 2000, 284: 450-456. PMID: 10904508, DOI: 10.1001/jama.284.4.450.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEnd-stage liver diseaseInjection drug useHepatitis C virus infectionC virus infectionHuman immunodeficiency virusViral clearanceHCV infectionLiver diseaseDrug usePersistent viremiaVirus infectionCases of ESLDRisk of ESLDCommunity-based prospective cohort studyAntibody-positive test resultPresence of ascitesProspective cohort studyCause of deathUtilization of treatmentMajority of adultsSemiannual visitsCohort studyHCV RNAEsophageal varicesImmunodeficiency virus
1999
Prevalence of Lower Genital Tract Infections Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)—Seropositive and High-Risk HIV-Seronegative Women
Cu-Uvin S, Hogan J, Warren D, Klein R, Peipert J, Schuman P, Holmberg S, Anderson J, Schoenbaum E, Vlahov D, Mayer K, Group F. Prevalence of Lower Genital Tract Infections Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)—Seropositive and High-Risk HIV-Seronegative Women. Clinical Infectious Diseases 1999, 29: 1145-1150. PMID: 10524955, DOI: 10.1086/313434.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-seronegative womenGenital tract infectionLower genital tract infectionHuman immunodeficiency virusTract infectionsBacterial vaginosisImmunodeficiency virusHigh-risk HIV-seronegative womenLower Genital Tract InfectionsRisk HIV-seronegative womenHuman papilloma virus infectionHIV-seropositive womenPapilloma virus infectionHigh-risk womenNeisseria gonorrhoeae infectionChlamydia trachomatis infectionHIV Epidemiology Research StudySimilar HIVSeropositive womenGonorrhoeae infectionBaseline visitTrachomatis infectionCandidal vaginitisVirus infectionInfectionSelf-Reported Bacterial Infections Among Women with or at Risk for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Flanigan T, Hogan J, Smith D, Schoenbaum E, Vlahov D, Schuman P, Mayer K. Self-Reported Bacterial Infections Among Women with or at Risk for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection. Clinical Infectious Diseases 1999, 29: 608-612. PMID: 10530455, DOI: 10.1086/598641.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionCD4 cell countImmunodeficiency virus infectionBacterial infectionsRecent pneumoniaVirus infectionCell countHIV-negative womenHIV-seropositive womenUrinary tract infectionInjection drug useLogistic regression analysisSelf-reported pneumoniaCross-sectional analysisSeronegative womenTract infectionsHIV infectionDrug useLifetime historyInfectionPneumoniaMajor causeWomenRegression analysisCell categoriesClass II HLA Alleles and Hepatitis B Virus Persistence in African Americans
Thio C, Carrington M, Marti D, O'Brien S, Vlahov D, Nelson K, Astemborski J, Thomas D. Class II HLA Alleles and Hepatitis B Virus Persistence in African Americans. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1999, 179: 1004-1006. PMID: 10068598, DOI: 10.1086/314684.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHBV persistenceHBV infectionImmune responseClass II HLA typingHepatitis B virus (HBV) persistenceHepatitis B virus infectionClass II HLA allelesB virus infectionPersistent HBV infectionClass I associationsHost immune responseClass II allelesAfrican American cohortAntigen presentationVirus infectionHLA typingHLA allelesVirus persistenceTwo-locus haplotypesAmerican cohortThree-locus haplotypesClass IIHLA complexInfectionClass I
1998
Vitamin A Supplementation and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Load in Injection Drug Users
Semba R, Lyles C, Margolick J, Caiaffa W, Farzadegan H, Cohn S, Vlahov D. Vitamin A Supplementation and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Load in Injection Drug Users. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1998, 177: 611-616. PMID: 9498439, DOI: 10.1086/514235.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCD4 lymphocyte countHigh-dose vitaminHIV loadInjection drug usersLymphocyte countDrug usersVitamin AHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionPlacebo-controlled clinical trialHuman immunodeficiency virus loadImmunodeficiency virus infectionUse of vitaminsPlasma vitaminHIV replicationVirus loadClinical trialsVirus infectionClinical investigationRetinol equivalentsSupplementationRetinoic acid response elementVitaminWeeksAcid response elementCountPrevalence and Incidence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Among Young Adult Injection Drug Users
Garfein R, Doherty M, Monterroso E, Thomas D, Nelson K, Vlahov D. Prevalence and Incidence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Among Young Adult Injection Drug Users. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 1998, 18: s11-s19. PMID: 9663618, DOI: 10.1097/00042560-199802001-00004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsYoung adult injection drug usersAdult injection drug usersInjection drug usersHepatitis C virus infectionC virus infectionHCV infectionVirus infectionDrug usersHCV-seronegative participantsTransmission of HCVCommunity-based outreachSecond-generation antibodiesHCV seroconversionHCV seroprevalenceCommunity outreach educationProspective studyRisk factorsSemiannual interviewsHigh riskInjecting practicesSterile syringesBivariate analysisLogistic regressionInfectionHCVPersonal Network Correlates and Predictors of Homelessness for Injection Drug Users in Baltimore, Maryland
Latkin C, Mandell W, Knowlton A, Vlahov D, Hawkins W. Personal Network Correlates and Predictors of Homelessness for Injection Drug Users in Baltimore, Maryland. Journal Of Social Distress And The Homeless 1998, 7: 263-278. DOI: 10.1023/a:1022943311679.Peer-Reviewed Original Research