1996
Evidence for HIV Type 1 Strains of U.S. Intravenous Drug Users as Founders of AIDS Epidemic among Intravenous Drug Users in Northern Europe
Lukashov V, Kuiken C, Vlahov D, Coutinho R, Goudsmit J. Evidence for HIV Type 1 Strains of U.S. Intravenous Drug Users as Founders of AIDS Epidemic among Intravenous Drug Users in Northern Europe. AIDS Research And Human Retroviruses 1996, 12: 1179-1183. PMID: 8844022, DOI: 10.1089/aid.1996.12.1179.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntravenous drug usersHomosexual menDrug usersV3 sequencesEuropean intravenous drug usersHIV Type 1 StrainsAIDS epidemicHIV-1 epidemicGp120 V3 loopSignature pattern analysisType 1 strainsRisk groupsV3 loopEpidemiological linkMenEpidemicVirusUnited StatesSuggestive evidencePresent suggestive evidenceHigh levelsNucleotide substitutionsEuropean origin
1995
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 env and p17gag Sequence Variation in Polymerase Chain Reaction-Positive, Seronegative Injection Drug Users
Markham R, Yu X, Farzadegan H, Ray S, Vlahov D. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 env and p17gag Sequence Variation in Polymerase Chain Reaction-Positive, Seronegative Injection Drug Users. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1995, 171: 797-804. PMID: 7706805, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/171.4.797.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAmino Acid SequenceBase SequenceCross-Sectional StudiesDNA, ViralFemaleGag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency VirusGene Products, envGene Products, gagGenes, envGenes, gagGenetic VariationHIV AntigensHIV InfectionsHIV-1HumansMaleMolecular Sequence DataPhylogenyPolymerase Chain ReactionSequence AlignmentSequence Analysis, DNASubstance Abuse, IntravenousViral ProteinsConceptsSeronegative injection drug usersInjection drug usersDrug usersHuman Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 EnvCross-sectional studyPolymerase chainHIV-1 genesThird hypervariable regionAbility of virusesV3 loopMucosal surfacesIntersubject variationEnvelope regionInfected cellsAmino acid variationsEnvP17gagSeminal fluidVirusAcid variationsHypervariable regionInfectionDisease