2024
Self-injurious unnatural death among Veterans with HIV
Smith A, Goulet J, Vlahov D, Justice A, Womack J. Self-injurious unnatural death among Veterans with HIV. AIDS 2024, 38: 1570-1578. PMID: 38814683, DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003940.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchVeterans Aging Cohort StudyNested case-control studyModifiable risk factorsRisk of suicideCase-control studyRisk factorsIdentification of modifiable risk factorsCategorization of deathsIncidence density samplingAging Cohort StudyCohort of veteransIncreased risk of suicideConditional logistic regressionHigher pain levelsUse disorderPublic health burdenDrug use disordersUnnatural deathsDeath codesUnintentional causesInternational ClassificationHIV statusExcess deathsPrevention effortsAlcohol use disorder
2023
Risk factors for suicide among veterans living with and without HIV: a nested case-control study
Smith A, Goulet J, Vlahov D, Justice A, Womack J. Risk factors for suicide among veterans living with and without HIV: a nested case-control study. AIDS And Behavior 2023, 28: 115-124. PMID: 37751112, PMCID: PMC11289766, DOI: 10.1007/s10461-023-04164-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchHIV-specific risk factorsVeterans Aging Cohort StudyCase-control studyRisk factorsRisk of suicideAging Cohort StudyDiagnosis of HIVMost risk factorsUse of benzodiazepinesConditional logistic regressionMental health treatmentSubstance use disordersPrevious suicide attemptsCohort studyHIV statusRates of suicideHigh prevalenceGeneral populationUse disordersHealth treatmentAffective disordersHIVSuicide attemptsLogistic regressionPWH
2002
Does Bleach Disinfection of Syringes Protect Against Hepatitis C Infection Among Young Adult Injection Drug Users?
Kapadia F, Vlahov D, Jarlais D, Strathdee S, Ouellet L, Kerndt P, E E, Williams I, Garfein R. Does Bleach Disinfection of Syringes Protect Against Hepatitis C Infection Among Young Adult Injection Drug Users? Epidemiology 2002, 13: 738-741. PMID: 12410020, DOI: 10.1097/00001648-200211000-00023.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersAnti-HCV seroconversionHepatitis C virusDrug usersOdds ratioBleach useYoung adult injection drug usersSeronegative injection drug usersMajor public health problemAdult injection drug usersBleach disinfectionHepatitis C infectionProspective cohort studyCase-control studyConditional logistic regressionPublic health problemCessation of injectionsC infectionHCV infectionCohort studyC virusProtective effectHealth problemsSeroconversionLogistic regressionProspective study of infective endocarditis among injection drug users
Wilson L, Thomas D, Astemborski J, Freedman T, Vlahov D. Prospective study of infective endocarditis among injection drug users. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2002, 185: 1761-1766. PMID: 12085322, DOI: 10.1086/340827.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersInfective endocarditisHIV-seronegative injection drug usersDrug usersHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionCohort of IDUsInjection drug use behaviorsCD4 lymphocyte countImmunodeficiency virus infectionCase-control studyDrug use frequencyDrug use behaviorsHIV immunosuppressionLymphocyte countCase patientsHIV statusAlcohol intakeProspective studyInverse associationRisk factorsVirus infectionMultivariate analysisEndocarditisHIVIncidenceHigh-risk behaviors associated with transition from illicit non-injection to injection drug use among adolescent and young adult drug users: a case-control study
Fuller C, Vlahov D, Ompad D, Shah N, Arria A, Strathdee S. High-risk behaviors associated with transition from illicit non-injection to injection drug use among adolescent and young adult drug users: a case-control study. Drug And Alcohol Dependence 2002, 66: 189-198. PMID: 11906806, DOI: 10.1016/s0376-8716(01)00200-9.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersInjection drug useAge-matched case-control analysisDrug usersDrug useBlood-borne infectionsAge-matched personsCase-control studyConditional logistic regressionCase-control analysisHigh-risk behaviorsNon-injection heroinCharacteristics of personsHIV seroprevalenceCohort studyInjection useAdult drug usersLogistic regressionPrevention effortsSame calendar timeYoung adult drug usersCalendar timePrior yearAfrican AmericansBaseline
2001
Effects of CCR5-Delta32, CCR2-64I, and SDF-1 3'A alleles on HIV-1 disease progression: An international meta-analysis of individual-patient data.
Ioannidis J, Rosenberg P, Goedert J, Ashton L, Benfield T, Buchbinder S, Coutinho R, Eugen-Olsen J, Gallart T, Katzenstein T, Kostrikis L, Kuipers H, Louie L, Mallal S, Margolick J, Martinez O, Meyer L, Michael N, Operskalski E, Pantaleo G, Rizzardi G, Schuitemaker H, Sheppard H, Stewart G, Theodorou I, Ullum H, Vicenzi E, Vlahov D, Wilkinson D, Workman C, Zagury J, O'Brien T. Effects of CCR5-Delta32, CCR2-64I, and SDF-1 3'A alleles on HIV-1 disease progression: An international meta-analysis of individual-patient data. Annals Of Internal Medicine 2001, 135: 782-95. PMID: 11694103, DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-135-9-200111060-00008.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-1 infectionCCR2-64I alleleHIV-1 RNA levelsHIV-1 disease progressionDevelopment of AIDSIndividual patient dataCCR5-Delta32Decreased riskDisease progressionProtective effectLower HIV-1 RNA levelsRNA levelsProspective cohort studyCase-control studyClear protective effectStrong protective effectChemokine receptor genesRandom-effects modelCCR2-64ICohort studyStudy entryCertain chemokinesAIDSInfectionProgression
2000
HTLV-II and Bacterial Infections Among Injection Drug Users
Safaeian M, Wilson L, Taylor E, Thomas D, Vlahov D. HTLV-II and Bacterial Infections Among Injection Drug Users. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2000, 24: 483-487. DOI: 10.1097/00042560-200008150-00014.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHTLV-II infectionInjection drug usersHTLV-IIBacterial pneumoniaInfective endocarditisOdds ratioBacterial infectionsDrug usersChart reviewConditional logistic regression methodsSelf-reported skinStandardized chart reviewOngoing cohort studyCase-control studyEnzyme-linked immunosorbentCohort studyHIV statusResults PrevalenceSkin abscessesRisk factorsControl studyEndocarditisInfectionImmunofluorescent assayPneumoniaHTLV-II and Bacterial Infections Among Injection Drug Users
Safaeian M, Wilson L, Taylor E, Thomas D, Vlahov D. HTLV-II and Bacterial Infections Among Injection Drug Users. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2000, 24: 483-487. DOI: 10.1097/00126334-200008150-00012.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchHTLV-II infectionInjection drug usersHTLV-IIBacterial pneumoniaInfective endocarditisOdds ratioBacterial infectionsDrug usersChart reviewConditional logistic regression methodsSelf-reported skinStandardized chart reviewOngoing cohort studyCase-control studyEnzyme-linked immunosorbentCohort studyHIV statusSkin abscessesRisk factorsControl studyEndocarditisInfectionImmunofluorescent assayPneumoniaLogistic regression method
1999
Prevalence and Incidence of HIV Among Incarcerated and Reincarcerated Women in Rhode Island
Rich J, Dickinson B, Macalino G, Flanigan T, Towe C, Spaulding A, Vlahov D. Prevalence and Incidence of HIV Among Incarcerated and Reincarcerated Women in Rhode Island. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 1999, 22: 161-166. PMID: 10843530, DOI: 10.1097/00126334-199910010-00008.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSelf-reported injection drug useIncidence of HIVInitiation of treatmentInjection drug useCase-control studySeronegative womenRecent temporal trendsHIV testHIV infectionHIV-positiveHIV prevalenceNonwhite raceRisk factorsAnnual prevalenceMandatory HIVHigh riskControl studyDrug useSexual riskHIVWomenPrevalencePrior incarcerationIncidenceIncarcerated womenPrevalence and Incidence of HIV Among Incarcerated and Reincarcerated Women in Rhode Island
Rich J, Dickinson B, Macalino G, Flanigan T, Towe C, Spaulding A, Vlahov D. Prevalence and Incidence of HIV Among Incarcerated and Reincarcerated Women in Rhode Island. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 1999, 22: 161. DOI: 10.1097/00042560-199910010-00008.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSelf-reported injection drug useIncidence of HIVInitiation of treatmentInjection drug useCase-control studySeronegative womenRecent temporal trendsHIV testHIV infectionHIV-positiveHIV prevalenceNonwhite raceRisk factorsAnnual prevalenceMandatory HIVHigh riskControl studyDrug useSexual riskHIVWomenPrevalencePrior incarcerationIncidenceIncarcerated womenSex Differences in Longitudinal Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 RNA Levels among Seroconverters
Sterling T, Lyles C, Vlahov D, Astemborski J, Margolick J, Quinn T. Sex Differences in Longitudinal Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 RNA Levels among Seroconverters. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1999, 180: 666-672. PMID: 10438353, DOI: 10.1086/314967.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA levelsHIV-1 seroconvertersSex differencesCopies/mLHIV-1 pathogenesisInjection drug usersCase-control studyTime of seroconversionCross-sectional studyCourse of infectionMale patientsRapid progressorsFemale patientsCopies/Drug usersMale controlsVirus levelsPatientsRNA levelsSeroconvertersWomenMenNonprogressorsSeroconversionProgressors
1998
The role of needle exchange programs in HIV prevention.
Vlahov D, Junge B. The role of needle exchange programs in HIV prevention. Public Health Reports 1998, 113 Suppl 1: 75-80. PMID: 9722812, PMCID: PMC1307729.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virusNeedle exchange programsCase-control studyNeedle exchangeHIV preventionMultiperson useNew Haven's needle exchange programDrug usersDrug useBlood-borne viral infectionsHepatitis C virus infectionSyringe-sharing behaviorsC virus infectionBlood-borne infectionsInjection drug useBlood-borne pathogensPossession of syringesSyringe trackingHCV infectionHepatitis BHIV seroincidenceHIV infectionImmunodeficiency syndromeHIV transmissionImmunodeficiency virus
1997
A Morphine Prescription Program in Italy (1980-1985): Retrospective Evidence of Protection Against Hiv/Aids
Sagliocca L, Rezza G, Vlahov D, Baldassarre C, Siconolfi M, Nespoli M, Carriers P. A Morphine Prescription Program in Italy (1980-1985): Retrospective Evidence of Protection Against Hiv/Aids. Addiction Research & Theory 1997, 5: 137-144. DOI: 10.3109/16066359709005255.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchLow HIV prevalence rateHIV-negative IDUsHIV-negative controlsCase-control studyDrug treatment centersSterile injection equipmentHIV prevalence ratesInsufficient dosesHIV infectionPrescription programPrevalence ratesAlternative treatmentTreatment centersDrug usersHIV/AidsRetrospective evidenceMorphineMethadoneInfectionInjection equipmentHIVIDUsDoses
1996
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Infective Endocarditis among Injecting Drug Users
Manoff S, Vlahov D, Herskowitz A, Solomon L, Munoz A, Cohn S, Willoughby S, Nelson K. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Infective Endocarditis among Injecting Drug Users. Epidemiology 1996, 7: 566-570. PMID: 8899380, DOI: 10.1097/00001648-199611000-00002.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionHIV-seropositive subjectsImmunodeficiency virus infectionInfective endocarditisDrug usersCD4 cellsOdds ratioVirus infectionHistory of endocarditisRisk of endocarditisHIV-seronegative subjectsInjection drug useInjecting Drug UsersCase-control studyConditional logistic regressionRace/ethnicitySubsequent endocarditisOngoing cohortHIV infectionSerious complicationsHIV serostatusEnrollment dateLast visitCohort enrollmentEndocarditis cases
1995
Vitamin A Deficiency and Wasting as Predictors of Mortality in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Injection Drug Users
Semba R, Caiaffa W, Graham N, Cohn S, Vlahov D. Vitamin A Deficiency and Wasting as Predictors of Mortality in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Injection Drug Users. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1995, 171: 1196-1202. PMID: 7751694, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/171.5.1196.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersHuman immunodeficiency virus-infected injection drug usersDrug usersPredictors of mortalityLarge prospective cohortBody mass indexHuman immunodeficiency virusCase-control studyPlasma vitamin ACD4 cellsProspective cohortHIV infectionIndependent predictorsMass indexImmunodeficiency virusLast visitRisk factorsHigh riskVitamin AAdult subjectsMortalityInfectionMean lengthWastingVitaminAge, Gender, and Other Predictors of the Wasting Syndrome among HIV-1-Infected Injecting Drug Users
Sorkin J, Boiton P, Greenblatt J, Sithisarankul P, Vlahov D, Graham N. Age, Gender, and Other Predictors of the Wasting Syndrome among HIV-1-Infected Injecting Drug Users. Epidemiology 1995, 6: 172-177. PMID: 7742405, DOI: 10.1097/00001648-199503000-00015.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDrug usersDrug useFemale genderHuman immunodeficiency virus-1CD4 cell levelsCD4 T lymphocytesInjecting Drug UsersCase-control studyPresence of diarrheaImmunodeficiency virus-1Independent predictorsT lymphocytesSyndromeOlder ageWasting syndromeHIVWeight lossVirus 1AgeDiarrheaCrude predictorCohortPredictorsMore yearsLower percentage
1994
Field effectiveness of needle disinfection among injecting drug users.
Vlahov D, Astemborski J, Solomon L, Nelson K. Field effectiveness of needle disinfection among injecting drug users. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 1994, 7: 760-6. PMID: 8207660.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV seroconversionOdds ratioDrug usersNeedle disinfectionPutative protective effectCase-control studyCorresponding odds ratiosSterile injection equipmentDisinfectant useInjection equipmentLimited statistical powerStudy entryHIV seroconvertersResidual confoundingPossible confoundersCocaine injectionProtective effectSeroconversionDrug useUse of disinfectantsBlack heterosexualsPractice variablesField effectivenessSeroconvertersSeronegatives
1993
Differences in Risk Factors for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Seroconversion among Male and Female Intravenous Drug Users
Solomon L, Astemborski J, Warren D, Muñoz A, Cohn S, Vlahov D, Nelson K. Differences in Risk Factors for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Seroconversion among Male and Female Intravenous Drug Users. American Journal Of Epidemiology 1993, 137: 892-898. PMID: 8484380, DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116750.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntravenous drug usersHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) seroconversionDrug usersSeronegative controlsRisk factorsFemale intravenous drug usersMale intravenous drug usersSex-specific risk factorsCurrent intravenous drug useHIV-seronegative controlsIntravenous drug useRisk of seroconversionRisk factor dataCase-control studyAge 18 yearsConditional logistic regression techniquesTime of interviewMore sex partnersSeroconversion statusSeroconversion visitHIV seroconversionHIV infectionStudy entrySexual transmissionSeroconversion
1992
Cancer of the Pancreas and Drinking Water: A Population-based Case-Control Study in Washington County, Maryland
IJsselmuiden C, Gaydos C, Feighner B, Novakoski W, Serwadda D, Caris L, Vlahov D, Comstock G. Cancer of the Pancreas and Drinking Water: A Population-based Case-Control Study in Washington County, Maryland. American Journal Of Epidemiology 1992, 136: 836-842. PMID: 1442749, DOI: 10.1093/aje/136.7.836.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1991
HIV SEROCONVERSION AND DISINFECTION OF INJECTION EQUIPMENT AMONG INTRAVENOUS DRUG USERS, BALTIMORE, MARYLAND
Vlahov D, Muntoz A, Celentano D, Cohn S, Anthony J, Chiicoat H, Nelson K. HIV SEROCONVERSION AND DISINFECTION OF INJECTION EQUIPMENT AMONG INTRAVENOUS DRUG USERS, BALTIMORE, MARYLAND. Epidemiology 1991, 2: 444-446. PMID: 1790197, DOI: 10.1097/00001648-199111000-00010.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntravenous drug usersDrug usersHIV seroconversionProtective effectUse of disinfectantsPutative protective effectCase-control studyCorresponding odds ratiosOdds of seroconversionDisinfectant useLimited protective effectUse of cocaineStudy entryHIV seroconvertersOdds ratioSeroconversionInjection equipmentOddsSeroconvertersSeronegativesDisinfectants