2024
Structural bases for Na+-Cl− cotransporter inhibition by thiazide diuretic drugs and activation by kinases
Zhao Y, Schubert H, Blakely A, Forbush B, Smith M, Rinehart J, Cao E. Structural bases for Na+-Cl− cotransporter inhibition by thiazide diuretic drugs and activation by kinases. Nature Communications 2024, 15: 7006. PMID: 39143061, PMCID: PMC11324901, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51381-y.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNa+-Cl- cotransporterFamilial hyperkalemic hypertensionRenal salt retentionThiazide diuretic drugsNa+-Cl-Cotransporter inhibitionNCC activitySalt reabsorptionDiuretic drugsBlood pressureBalanced electrolyteTreat hypertensionIon translocation pathwayIon translocationThiazideHypertensionSalt retentionOrthosteric siteCo-structureCarboxyl-terminal domainKinase cascadeEdemaChlorthalidoneCotransporterTranslocation
2021
The structural basis of function and regulation of neuronal cotransporters NKCC1 and KCC2
Zhang S, Zhou J, Zhang Y, Liu T, Friedel P, Zhuo W, Somasekharan S, Roy K, Zhang L, Liu Y, Meng X, Deng H, Zeng W, Li G, Forbush B, Yang M. The structural basis of function and regulation of neuronal cotransporters NKCC1 and KCC2. Communications Biology 2021, 4: 226. PMID: 33597714, PMCID: PMC7889885, DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01750-w.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCryo-electron microscopy structureHuman NKCC1Microscopy structureEssential residuesFunctional characterizationKCC transportersPlasma membraneStructural basisTransepithelial saltTransport activityMechanistic understandingTransportersStructural studiesCritical roleCotransporter NKCC1Computational analysisIon transportWater transportNeuronal excitabilityNKCC1PhosphorylationCell volumeNKCCKCC2Residues
2011
Regulatory Activation Is Accompanied by Movement in the C Terminus of the Na-K-Cl Cotransporter (NKCC1)*
Monette MY, Forbush B. Regulatory Activation Is Accompanied by Movement in the C Terminus of the Na-K-Cl Cotransporter (NKCC1)*. Journal Of Biological Chemistry 2011, 287: 2210-2220. PMID: 22121194, PMCID: PMC3265899, DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.309211.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsC-terminusFluorescence resonance energy transferNa-K-Cl cotransporterFRET decreasesSame C-terminusMost vertebrate cellsKey structural roleEmbryonic kidney cell lineYellow fluorescent proteinHuman embryonic kidney cell lineRegulation of NKCC1Vertebrate cellsKidney cell linePlasma membraneNKCC1 regulationN-terminusFluorescent proteinStructural roleRegulatory activationTransporter activationConformational changesTerminusTransport activityResonance energy transferHEK cellsRare mutations in the human Na-K-Cl cotransporter (NKCC2) associated with lower blood pressure exhibit impaired processing and transport function
Monette MY, Rinehart J, Lifton RP, Forbush B. Rare mutations in the human Na-K-Cl cotransporter (NKCC2) associated with lower blood pressure exhibit impaired processing and transport function. American Journal Of Physiology. Renal Physiology 2011, 300: f840-f847. PMID: 21209010, PMCID: PMC3074999, DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00552.2010.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHEK-293 cellsNa-K-Cl cotransporterTransport functionMajor salt transport pathwayPlasma membrane localizationHEK cellsLow transport activitySequence conservationMembrane localizationProtein functionHeterologous expressionXenopus laevis oocytesImportant residuesMutantsRenal salt reabsorptionMolecular mechanismsIndependent mutationsConstitutive activityTransport activityBlood pressureFunctional consequencesImpaired transport functionSuch mutationsProcessing defectsLaevis oocytes
2010
Drosophila glia use a conserved cotransporter mechanism to regulate extracellular volume
Leiserson WM, Forbush B, Keshishian H. Drosophila glia use a conserved cotransporter mechanism to regulate extracellular volume. Glia 2010, 59: 320-332. PMID: 21125654, PMCID: PMC3005002, DOI: 10.1002/glia.21103.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAction PotentialsAnimalsAnimals, Genetically ModifiedBlood-Nerve BarrierCells, CulturedDrosophilaDrosophila ProteinsExtracellular SpaceHumansIn Vitro TechniquesLarvaMicroscopy, Electron, TransmissionModels, BiologicalMutationNeural ConductionNeurogliaNeuronsPeripheral NervesProtein Serine-Threonine KinasesSymportersTwo-Hybrid System TechniquesConceptsHuman NKCC1Yeast two hybrid assaysExtracellular solute compositionLarvae mutantDrosophila gliaNcc69Osmotic homeostasisExtracellular volumeMolecular mechanismsNervous systemOrthologsExtracellular solutesPhysiological mechanismsBlood-brain barrierBlood-nerve barrierSimilar roleAccumulation of fluidAction potential conductionGlial cellsPeripheral neuropathyNKCC1Serious health threatDetectable impactBlood barrierGliaPhosphorylation state of the Na+–K+–Cl− cotransporter (NKCC1) in the gills of Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) during acclimation to water of varying salinity
Flemmer AW, Monette MY, Djurisic M, Dowd B, Darman R, Gimenez I, Forbush B. Phosphorylation state of the Na+–K+–Cl− cotransporter (NKCC1) in the gills of Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) during acclimation to water of varying salinity. Journal Of Experimental Biology 2010, 213: 1558-1566. PMID: 20400641, PMCID: PMC2856500, DOI: 10.1242/jeb.039644.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSalinity acclimationAtlantic killifishNKCC1 phosphorylationCAMP-protein kinase A (PKA) pathwayEnvironmental salinityFW fishRole of phosphorylationPhospho-specific antibodiesLong-term acclimationKinase A PathwayFreshwaterCAMP-PKA pathwayTransfer of fishPhosphorylation stateKillifish gillEuryhaline teleostNKCC1 proteinKillifishAcclimationRegulatory rolePhosphorylationA PathwayRich kinaseFishGills
2009
The Potassium Chloride Cotransporter KCC-2 Coordinates Development of Inhibitory Neurotransmission and Synapse Structure in Caenorhabditis elegans
Tanis JE, Bellemer A, Moresco JJ, Forbush B, Koelle MR. The Potassium Chloride Cotransporter KCC-2 Coordinates Development of Inhibitory Neurotransmission and Synapse Structure in Caenorhabditis elegans. Journal Of Neuroscience 2009, 29: 9943-9954. PMID: 19675228, PMCID: PMC2737711, DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1989-09.2009.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsCaenorhabditis elegansCaenorhabditis elegans ProteinsChloridesFurosemideHypotonic SolutionsMotor NeuronsMusclesMutationReceptors, G-Protein-CoupledSequence HomologySexual Behavior, AnimalSodium Potassium Chloride Symporter InhibitorsSymportersSynapsesSynaptic TransmissionSynaptic VesiclesUp-RegulationConceptsEgg-laying behaviorChloride channelsC. elegans behaviorGenetic screenHSN neuronsMature neural circuitsChloride gradientFunctional analysisInhibitory neurotransmissionSynapse developmentVesicle populationsAdult mammalian brainSynaptic vesicle populationPotassium-chloride cotransporterTransport chlorideSynapse maturationPotassium-chloride cotransporter KCC2CaenorhabditisAppropriate activity levelsMammalian brainSynapse structureChloride cotransporterHypotonic conditionsLoop diuretic furosemideCoordinate developmentSites of Regulated Phosphorylation that Control K-Cl Cotransporter Activity
Rinehart J, Maksimova YD, Tanis JE, Stone KL, Hodson CA, Zhang J, Risinger M, Pan W, Wu D, Colangelo CM, Forbush B, Joiner CH, Gulcicek EE, Gallagher PG, Lifton RP. Sites of Regulated Phosphorylation that Control K-Cl Cotransporter Activity. Cell 2009, 138: 525-536. PMID: 19665974, PMCID: PMC2811214, DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2009.05.031.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntrinsic transport activityK-Cl cotransporterTransport activityCell volume regulationRegulated phosphorylationRNA interferenceAlanine substitutionsCultured cellsHomologous sitesKCC activityCl exitWNK1 expressionNeonatal mouse brainVolume regulationNeuronal functionHypotonic conditionsActive cotransportPhosphorylationIntracellular chloride concentrationCotransporter activityKCC3Human red blood cellsKCC2 activationFundamental roleMouse brain
2008
Na-K-Cl Cotransporter-1 in the Mechanism of Ammonia-induced Astrocyte Swelling*
Jayakumar A, Liu M, Moriyama M, Ramakrishnan R, Forbush B, Reddy P, Norenberg M. Na-K-Cl Cotransporter-1 in the Mechanism of Ammonia-induced Astrocyte Swelling*. Journal Of Biological Chemistry 2008, 283: 33874-33882. PMID: 18849345, PMCID: PMC2590687, DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m804016200.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNKCC activityNa-K-ClAstrocyte swellingCell swellingNa-K-Cl cotransporter-1Na-K-Cl cotransporterComplication of acute liver failureN-nitro-L-arginine methyl esterNitric oxide synthase inhibitionActivation of NKCC1NKCC1 protein expressionCultured astrocytesInduce oxidative/nitrosative stressAcute liver failureLoss of ion homeostasisSwelling of astrocytesPhosphorylated NKCC1NKCC1 expressionLiver failureNKCC1Synthase inhibitionBrain herniationBrain edemaIntracranial pressureProtein expressionExon Loss Accounts for Differential Sorting of Na-K-Cl Cotransporters in Polarized Epithelial Cells
Carmosino M, Giménez I, Caplan M, Forbush B. Exon Loss Accounts for Differential Sorting of Na-K-Cl Cotransporters in Polarized Epithelial Cells. Molecular Biology Of The Cell 2008, 19: 4341-4351. PMID: 18667527, PMCID: PMC2555935, DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e08-05-0478.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDileucine motifNa-K-Cl cotransporterRenal Na-K-Cl cotransporterPolarized epithelial cellsAmino acid stretchApical proteinsApical sortingEvolutionary lossRenal epithelial cell lineGene structurePhylogenetic analysisDifferential sortingDirect traffickingEpithelial cell lineAdditional exonC-terminusMammalian kidneyApical membraneExonsNovel mechanismNKCC2 geneCell linesBasolateral membraneMotifEpithelial cells
2007
Intramolecular and Intermolecular Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer in Fluorescent Protein-tagged Na-K-Cl Cotransporter (NKCC1) SENSITIVITY TO REGULATORY CONFORMATIONAL CHANGE AND CELL VOLUME* * This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant DK47661. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact. The on-line version of this article (available at http://www.jbc.org) contains supplemental Methods 1 and Table 1.
Pedersen M, Carmosino M, Forbush B. Intramolecular and Intermolecular Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer in Fluorescent Protein-tagged Na-K-Cl Cotransporter (NKCC1) SENSITIVITY TO REGULATORY CONFORMATIONAL CHANGE AND CELL VOLUME* * This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant DK47661. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact. The on-line version of this article (available at http://www.jbc.org) contains supplemental Methods 1 and Table 1. Journal Of Biological Chemistry 2007, 283: 2663-2674. PMID: 18045874, DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m708194200.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsBacterial ProteinsCell LineCell SizeChloridesFluorescence Resonance Energy TransferGreen Fluorescent ProteinsHumansLuminescent ProteinsModels, MolecularPhosphorylationProtein ConformationRecombinant Fusion ProteinsSharksSodium-Potassium-Chloride SymportersSolute Carrier Family 12, Member 1TransfectionConceptsFluorescence resonance energy transferRegulatory domainC-terminusLevel of FRETN-terminusFluorescent proteinFRET changesResonance energy transferRegulatory phosphorylation eventsRegulatory conformational changesFluorescent protein tagsExtreme N-terminusEmbryonic kidney cell lineYellow fluorescent proteinHuman embryonic kidney cell lineN-terminal residuesPhosphorylation eventsU.S.C. Section 1734Na-K-Cl cotransporterMembrane domainsProtein tagsKidney cell lineIntermolecular fluorescence resonance energy transferYFP fluorescenceCosts of publication
2006
The Residues Determining Differences in Ion Affinities among the Alternative Splice Variants F, A, and B of the Mammalian Renal Na-K-Cl Cotransporter (NKCC2)*
Giménez I, Forbush B. The Residues Determining Differences in Ion Affinities among the Alternative Splice Variants F, A, and B of the Mammalian Renal Na-K-Cl Cotransporter (NKCC2)*. Journal Of Biological Chemistry 2006, 282: 6540-6547. PMID: 17186942, DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m610780200.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchExpression of the basolateral Na–K–Cl cotransporter during mouse nephrogenesis and embryonic development
Heuvel G, Payne J, Igarashi P, Forbush B. Expression of the basolateral Na–K–Cl cotransporter during mouse nephrogenesis and embryonic development. Gene Expression Patterns 2006, 6: 1000-1006. PMID: 16814616, DOI: 10.1016/j.modgep.2006.04.004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIn situ hybridizationNa-K-Cl cotransporterDorsal root ganglionBranching ureteric budEndocapillary cellsPeripheral nervous systemRoot ganglionTooth budsNasal epitheliumMouse nephrogenesisChoroid plexusSubmandibular glandMature nephronsUreteric budNorthern blot analysisSLC12A2Nervous systemMesenchymal cellsNKCC1Blot analysisMetanephroiNephric structuresGlomeruliMiceEmbryonic development
2005
SGK1 activates Na+-K+-ATPase in amphibian renal epithelial cells
de la Rosa D, Gimenez I, Forbush B, Canessa CM. SGK1 activates Na+-K+-ATPase in amphibian renal epithelial cells. American Journal Of Physiology - Cell Physiology 2005, 290: c492-c498. PMID: 16192298, DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00556.2004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRenal epithelial cellsEpithelial cellsEffects of aldosteroneCell linesActivation of ENaCGlucocorticoid-induced kinase 1Epithelial cell lineRenal epithelial cell lineAldosteroneSGK1 expressionSame cell lineSubunit abundanceSGK1Channel activityTotal proteinImportant regulatorKinase 1Tetracycline-inducible promoterActivationCellsApical membraneATPase activityPrevious studiesATPase functionChronicRegulatory phosphorylation sites in the NH2 terminus of the renal Na-K-Cl cotransporter (NKCC2)
Giménez I, Forbush B. Regulatory phosphorylation sites in the NH2 terminus of the renal Na-K-Cl cotransporter (NKCC2). American Journal Of Physiology. Renal Physiology 2005, 289: f1341-f1345. PMID: 16077079, DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00214.2005.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2004
WNK4 regulates apical and basolateral Cl– flux in extrarenal epithelia
Kahle KT, Gimenez I, Hassan H, Wilson FH, Wong RD, Forbush B, Aronson PS, Lifton RP. WNK4 regulates apical and basolateral Cl– flux in extrarenal epithelia. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2004, 101: 2064-2069. PMID: 14769928, PMCID: PMC357052, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0308434100.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsBlotting, WesternCarrier ProteinsCell PolarityChloridesEpitheliumHumansImmunohistochemistryIon TransportKidneyMembrane ProteinsMembrane Transport ProteinsMiceOocytesProtein Serine-Threonine KinasesRNA, MessengerSodium-Potassium-Chloride SymportersSolute Carrier Family 12, Member 2Sulfate TransportersXenopus laevisConceptsCl fluxBlood-brain barrierUnrelated ion channelsActivity of mediatorsWNK4 mRNABile ductPancreatic ductExtrarenal expressionExtrarenal tissuesCl(-) handlingPseudohypoaldosteronism type IIChannel ROMKNaCl reabsorptionSerine-threonine kinase WNK4Specialized endotheliumExchanger SLC26A6NaCl cotransporterWNK4 effectsColonic cryptsEpitheliumVariable inhibitionSweat ductsTight junctionsKidneyElectrolyte flux
2003
PASK (Proline-Alanine-rich STE20-related Kinase), a Regulatory Kinase of the Na-K-Cl Cotransporter (NKCC1)*
Dowd BF, Forbush B. PASK (Proline-Alanine-rich STE20-related Kinase), a Regulatory Kinase of the Na-K-Cl Cotransporter (NKCC1)*. Journal Of Biological Chemistry 2003, 278: 27347-27353. PMID: 12740379, DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m301899200.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsBlotting, WesternCell LineDNA, ComplementaryDose-Response Relationship, DrugGenes, DominantGenetic VectorsHumansMarine ToxinsOxazolesOxidative StressPhosphorylationPrecipitin TestsProtein BindingProtein Serine-Threonine KinasesProtein Structure, TertiaryRatsRubidiumSharksSodium-Potassium-Chloride SymportersSolute Carrier Family 12, Member 2ThreonineTime FactorsConceptsNa-K-Cl cotransporterN-terminal regulatory domainPhosphorylation-dependent activationHEK cellsInhibitor calyculin ANKCC1 activityRegulatory domainCoimmunoprecipitation assaysRegulatory kinasesActivation of NKCC1Calyculin ARegulated eventNKCC1 activationPhosphorylationKinaseSharksCotransporter activityOverexpressionCotransporter expressionNKCC1CellsActivationBindingCotransporterMutantsShort-term Stimulation of the Renal Na-K-Cl Cotransporter (NKCC2) by Vasopressin Involves Phosphorylation and Membrane Translocation of the Protein*
Giménez I, Forbush B. Short-term Stimulation of the Renal Na-K-Cl Cotransporter (NKCC2) by Vasopressin Involves Phosphorylation and Membrane Translocation of the Protein*. Journal Of Biological Chemistry 2003, 278: 26946-26951. PMID: 12732642, DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m303435200.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNa-K-Cl cotransporterRenal Na-K-Cl cotransporterCell membrane compartmentsRegulatory threonineMembrane compartmentsAntidiuretic hormone vasopressinPhosphospecific antibodiesMembrane translocationAmino terminusCytoplasmic vesiclesNKCC2 phosphorylationShort-term activationApical membranePhosphorylationTerm activationHormone vasopressinShort-term stimulationThick ascending limbProteinTranslocationCotransporterNKCC2ActivationAscending limbMorphometric analysis
2002
Functional comparison of renal Na-K-Cl cotransporters between distant species
Gagnon E, Forbush B, Caron L, Isenring P. Functional comparison of renal Na-K-Cl cotransporters between distant species. American Journal Of Physiology - Cell Physiology 2002, 284: c365-c370. PMID: 12388059, DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00262.2002.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRenal Na-K-Cl cotransporterNa-K-Cl cotransporterSplice variantsSecond transmembrane domainDistant vertebratesDistant speciesTransmembrane domainAlternative splicingXenopus laevis oocytesTransport activityCl(-) affinityRenal NKCC2Functional comparisonLaevis oocytesSpeciesSharksSimilar affinityIon dependenceA Regulatory Locus of Phosphorylation in the N Terminus of the Na-K-Cl Cotransporter, NKCC1*
Darman RB, Forbush B. A Regulatory Locus of Phosphorylation in the N Terminus of the Na-K-Cl Cotransporter, NKCC1*. Journal Of Biological Chemistry 2002, 277: 37542-37550. PMID: 12145304, DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m206293200.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAmino Acid SequenceAnimalsBinding SitesCell LineDogfishHumansIon TransportKineticsModels, MolecularPeptide FragmentsPhosphopeptidesPhosphorylationProtein ConformationRecombinant ProteinsSalt GlandSodium-Potassium-Chloride SymportersSolute Carrier Family 12, Member 2Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationTransfectionTrypsinConceptsProtein phosphatase 1 bindsN-terminusSer/ThrPhosphorylation-dependent mechanismN-terminal domainStrong consensus siteNa-K-Cl cotransporter NKCC1Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization timePhosphoregulatory mechanismsPhosphoacceptor sitesRegulatory lociHEK-293 cellsNa-K-Cl cotransporterLaser desorption ionization timeCalyculin AConsensus sitesPhosphorylation stoichiometryDesorption ionization timeAmino acidsTryptic fragmentsProteinGland tubulesRectal gland tubulesFlight mass spectrometryIonization time