A Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitor Vardenafil Enhances Angiogenesis Through a Protein Kinase G-Dependent Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Pathway
Sahara M, Sata M, Morita T, Nakajima T, Hirata Y, Nagai R. A Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitor Vardenafil Enhances Angiogenesis Through a Protein Kinase G-Dependent Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Pathway. Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis And Vascular Biology 2010, 30: 1315-1324. PMID: 20413734, DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.109.201327.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAngiogenesis Inducing AgentsAnimalsCapillariesCell HypoxiaCell MovementCells, CulturedCollateral CirculationCyclic GMPCyclic GMP-Dependent Protein KinasesCyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 5Disease Models, AnimalEndothelial CellsGreen Fluorescent ProteinsHindlimbHumansHypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha SubunitImidazolesIschemiaMaleMiceMice, Inbred C3HMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutMice, TransgenicMuscle, SkeletalNeovascularization, PhysiologicNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIIPhosphodiesterase 5 InhibitorsPhosphodiesterase InhibitorsPiperazinesRecovery of FunctionRegional Blood FlowRNA InterferenceSignal TransductionStem CellsSulfonesTime FactorsTransfectionTriazinesVardenafil DihydrochlorideVascular Endothelial Growth Factor AConceptsEndothelial progenitor cellsVascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathwayEndothelial growth factor pathwayIschemia-induced angiogenesisGrowth factor pathwaysIschemic muscleMobilization of EPCsSca-1/flkFactor pathwaySoluble guanylate cyclase inhibitorEndothelial nitric oxide synthasePhosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor vardenafilRight femoral arteryBlood flow recoveryEffect of vardenafilPhosphodiesterase-5 inhibitionUnilateral hindlimb ischemiaGuanylate cyclase inhibitorVascular endothelial growth factorNitric oxide synthaseUpregulated protein expressionProtein kinase G inhibitorIschemic cardiovascular diseaseCapillary-like tube formationEndothelial growth factor