DNA Damage Drives an Activin A–Dependent Induction of Cyclooxygenase-2 in Premalignant Cells and Lesions
Fordyce C, Fessenden T, Pickering C, Jung J, Singla V, Berman H, Tlsty T. DNA Damage Drives an Activin A–Dependent Induction of Cyclooxygenase-2 in Premalignant Cells and Lesions. Cancer Prevention Research 2010, 3: 190-201. PMID: 20028875, PMCID: PMC2954106, DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-09-0229.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsActivinsAtaxia Telangiectasia Mutated ProteinsBlotting, WesternBreast NeoplasmsCarcinoma in SituCarcinoma, Ductal, BreastCell Cycle ProteinsCyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16Cyclooxygenase 2DNA DamageDNA-Binding ProteinsEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayFemaleGene ExpressionGene Expression ProfilingHumansImmunohistochemistryNeoplasm ProteinsOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisPrecancerous ConditionsProtein Serine-Threonine KinasesRetinoblastoma ProteinReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionSignal TransductionTelomereTelomeric Repeat Binding Protein 2Tumor Suppressor Protein p53Tumor Suppressor ProteinsConceptsCOX-2 expressionCyclooxygenase-2Activin AEpithelial cellsHigh COX-2 expressionPoor clinical outcomeCOX-2 inhibitionCOX-2 inhibitorsTumor-promoting phenotypeSynthesis of prostaglandinsDNA damageDependent inductionVariant human mammary epithelial cellsBreast epithelial cellsHuman mammary epithelial cellsGastrointestinal complicationsSystemic complicationsClinical outcomesDuctal carcinomaCell cycle arrestSitu lesionsChemopreventative agentMammary epithelial cellsCancer metastasisPremalignant cells