Voluntary Faculty
Voluntary faculty are typically clinicians or others who are employed outside of the School but make significant contributions to department programs at the medical center or at affiliate institutions.
Voluntary rank detailsRobert Schoen, MD, MBA
Clinical ProfessorAbout
Research
Publications
2025
Immunomodulatory therapy of chikungunya arthritis: systematic review and meta-analysis
Amaral J, Schoen R, Bingham C, Chang A, Cândido E. Immunomodulatory therapy of chikungunya arthritis: systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal Of Travel Medicine 2025, 32: taaf067. PMID: 40657814, DOI: 10.1093/jtm/taaf067.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchImmunomodulatory therapyMeta-analysisRandomized trialsBiomarker-driven patient selectionNo severe AEsLong-term safety dataLack of randomized trialsAutoimmune inflammatory conditionsSevere adverse eventsPotential treatment optionChikungunya virusRandom-effects meta-analysisSystematic reviewNewcastle-Ottawa ScaleChronic joint symptomsRisk of biasPain scoresPain reductionChikungunya arthritisCase seriesPatient selectionPersistent arthritisAdverse eventsTreatment optionsDifferential diagnosisChikungunya Fever and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Amaral J, Schoen R, Weinblatt M, Cândido E. Chikungunya Fever and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Tropical Medicine And Infectious Disease 2025, 10: 54. PMID: 39998058, PMCID: PMC11861052, DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed10020054.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchChikungunya virus infectionRheumatoid arthritisChikungunya virusChikungunya feverChronic chikungunya arthritisRheumatology follow-upIncidence of RARisk of biasChikungunya arthritisAutoimmune mechanismsImmunological mechanismsFollow-upRA incidenceRA diagnosisDiagnostic criteriaRA developmentInfectionPRISMA guidelinesRe-emerging infectious diseasesLiterature searchDiagnostic biomarkersLong-term health impactsData extractionInfectious diseasesIncidence
2024
Correlation Between Pain, Disease Activity, and Rheumatoid Factor Positivity in Patients with Chikungunya Arthritis
Amaral J, Schoen R, Bingham C, Firmino P, Cândido E. Correlation Between Pain, Disease Activity, and Rheumatoid Factor Positivity in Patients with Chikungunya Arthritis. The Yale Journal Of Biology And Medicine 2024, 97: 417-422. PMID: 39703605, PMCID: PMC11650909, DOI: 10.59249/hgxw4816.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsVisual analog scaleChikungunya arthritisDisease activityDAS28-ESRRheumatoid factorPain visual analog scaleChikungunya feverDisease Activity ScoreRheumatoid factor positivityDisease activity indexChikungunya virusSignificantly with disease activityAcute viral diseasePain intensityAnalog scaleRetrospective cohortPain riskProspective cohortFactor positivityImproved therapiesActivity scoreClinical evaluationJoint symptomsPainAcute phaseManagement of postinfectious inflammatory arthritis
Baker H, Amaral J, Schoen R. Management of postinfectious inflammatory arthritis. Current Opinion In Rheumatology 2024, 36: 155-162. PMID: 38411201, DOI: 10.1097/bor.0000000000001009.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTreatment of acute infectionsAcute infectionInflammatory arthritisBenefits of antimicrobial therapyTreatment of infectionsTargeted synthetic DMARDsSpectrum of diseasesRefractory arthritisAntimicrobial therapySynthetic DMARDsFraction of casesTreatment optionsConventional therapyDisease-modifying treatmentsReactive arthritisInflammatory arthritidesInflammatory processPrompt identificationSelf-limitingChronic arthritisArthritisInfectionTreatmentTherapyArthralgiaChikungunya Arthritis Treatment with Methotrexate and Dexamethasone: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial
Amaral J, Lucena G, Schoen R. Chikungunya Arthritis Treatment with Methotrexate and Dexamethasone: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial. Current Rheumatology Reviews 2024, 20: 337-346. PMID: 38173199, DOI: 10.2174/0115733971278715231208114037.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchChronic chikungunya arthritisChikungunya arthritisDouble-blindJoint countPlacebo-controlled clinical trialPain visual analog scalePlacebo-controlled trialChikungunya feverPatient global assessmentVisual analog scaleAffected individualsSwollen joint countTender joint countChikungunya virus infectionDAS28-ESRDexamethasone groupSD ageAnalog scaleBiphasic diseaseTreatment responseClinical trialsAcute phaseDexamethasoneVirus infectionGlobal assessmentBone erosions and joint damage caused by chikungunya virus: a systematic review
Amaral J, Taylor P, Schoen R. Bone erosions and joint damage caused by chikungunya virus: a systematic review. Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira De Medicina Tropical 2024, 57: e00404-2024. PMID: 38597523, PMCID: PMC11000508, DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0433-2023.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsChronic chikungunya arthritisChikungunya arthritisJoint damageRheumatoid arthritisJoint painDisease-modifying antirheumatic drug therapyBone erosionProgression of radiographic joint damageDisease-modifying antirheumatic drugsSystematic reviewAntirheumatic drug therapyAcute febrile illnessPersistent joint painSimilar to rheumatoid arthritisRadiographic joint damageChikungunya virusYears post-infectionChronic joint damagePrevent joint damageDisease-modifying therapiesJoint structural damageRheumatoid arthritis treatmentAntirheumatic drugsProspective studyChikungunya infectionQuality of Life and Disability in Chikungunya Arthritis
Amaral J, Taylor P, Weinblatt M, Bandeira Í, Schoen R. Quality of Life and Disability in Chikungunya Arthritis. Current Rheumatology Reviews 2024, 20: 65-71. PMID: 37605393, DOI: 10.2174/1573397119666230726113647.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsChikungunya arthritisVisual analog scaleSF-12Quality of lifeChikungunya feverVisual analog scale pain scoreShort Form Health SurveyHealth Assessment Questionnaire Disability IndexRetrospective cross-sectional studyVirus-infected patientsCKV patientsCross-sectional studyPublic health impactChikungunya fever patientsChikungunya virus infectionMCS-12PCS-12Assess disabilityOutbreak of chikungunya feverHealth SurveyDisability IndexPain scoresDAS28-ESRAnalog scaleMosquito vectors
2023
Therapy for Chikungunya Arthritis: A Study of 133 Brazilian Patients.
Amaral J, Bingham C, Taylor P, Vilá L, Weinblatt M, Schoen R. Therapy for Chikungunya Arthritis: A Study of 133 Brazilian Patients. American Journal Of Tropical Medicine And Hygiene 2023, 109: 542-547. PMID: 37549898, PMCID: PMC10484246, DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0205.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsChikungunya arthritisWeeks of treatmentSwollen joint countTender joint countJoint countDAS28-erythrocyte sedimentation rateAge of patientsTreated with methotrexateDisease Activity ScoreGroup of patientsMedical record reviewAcute chikungunyaPain scoresClinical improvementBrazilian patientsAssess painClinical criteriaBaseline visitActivity scoreMaintained 5 monthsPainPatientsRecord reviewSelf-limitingRheumatology practiceBrazil at the Center of Chikungunya Outbreaks
Amaral J, Taylor P, Schoen R. Brazil at the Center of Chikungunya Outbreaks. Journal Of Global Infectious Diseases 2023, 15: 131-132. PMID: 37800080, PMCID: PMC10549908, DOI: 10.4103/jgid.jgid_21_23.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchExtra-articular Manifestations of Chikungunya
de Oliveira J, Nogueira I, Amaral J, Campos L, Mendonça M, de Brito Ricarte M, de Góes Cavalcanti L, Schoen R. Extra-articular Manifestations of Chikungunya. Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira De Medicina Tropical 2023, 56: e0341-2023. PMID: 38088664, PMCID: PMC10706034, DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0341-2023.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsExtra-articular manifestationsChikungunya feverAtypical illnessAcute interstitial nephritisAcute anterior uveitisMinority of patientsSelf-limiting conditionAnterior uveitisAbdominal painChronic arthritisCutaneous manifestationsInterstitial nephritisAtypical symptomsUnusual manifestationAtypical featuresTrue diagnosisNatural historyTropical diseasesManifestationsFurther studiesIllnessDiagnosisAffected systemMyocarditisUveitis