2001
Purification and Characterization of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor as a Secretory Protein from Rat Epididymis: Evidences for Alternative Release and Transfer to Spermatozoa
Eickhoff R, Wilhelm B, Renneberg H, Wennemuth G, Bacher M, Linder D, Bucala R, Seitz J, Meinhardt A. Purification and Characterization of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor as a Secretory Protein from Rat Epididymis: Evidences for Alternative Release and Transfer to Spermatozoa. Molecular Medicine 2001, 7: 27-35. PMID: 11474125, PMCID: PMC1949991, DOI: 10.1007/bf03401836.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOuter dense fibersSequence analysisDense fibersSecretion modeCDNA fragmentsN-terminal signal sequenceEndoplasmic reticulumMacrophage migration inhibitory factorEpithelial cellsCytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factorN-terminal amino acid sequence analysisAmino acid sequence analysisApical cell surfaceAcid sequence analysisEpididymal epithelial cellsRat epididymisSignal sequenceCDNA sequenceWestern blot experimentsPlasma membraneMigration inhibitory factorSecretory proteinsCytoskeletal elementsExpression patternsN-terminus
1997
Biochemical and Mutational Investigations of the Enzymatic Activity of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor †
Bendrat K, Al-Abed Y, Callaway D, Peng T, Calandra T, Metz C, Bucala R. Biochemical and Mutational Investigations of the Enzymatic Activity of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor †. Biochemistry 1997, 36: 15356-15362. PMID: 9398265, DOI: 10.1021/bi971153a.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEnzymatic activityL-dopachrome methyl esterN-terminal proline residueSite-directed mutagenesisAmino acid residuesDopachrome tautomerase activityNative solution conditionsMutant proteinsProtein domainsStable trimer formationCarboxy terminusBasic residuesN-terminusProline residuesSDS-PAGE analysisBacterial enzymesHomotrimeric structureAcid residuesCatalytic functionEnzymatic mechanismMutational investigationTrimer formationLow protein concentrationsBiochemical analysisInternal histidine