2012
Aldosterone deficiency and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism prevent angiotensin II–induced cardiac, renal, and vascular injury
Luther JM, Luo P, Wang Z, Cohen SE, Kim HS, Fogo AB, Brown NJ. Aldosterone deficiency and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism prevent angiotensin II–induced cardiac, renal, and vascular injury. Kidney International 2012, 82: 643-651. PMID: 22622494, PMCID: PMC3434275, DOI: 10.1038/ki.2012.170.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAldosteroneAngiotensin IIAnimalsAortaBiomarkersBlood PressureCytochrome P-450 CYP11B2Disease Models, AnimalFibrosisGene Expression RegulationHeart DiseasesInflammationKidney DiseasesKidney GlomerulusMiceMice, 129 StrainMice, Inbred C57BLMineralocorticoid Receptor AntagonistsMyocardiumReceptors, MineralocorticoidRenin-Angiotensin SystemSodium Chloride, DietarySpironolactoneTime FactorsVascular DiseasesConceptsMineralocorticoid receptor antagonismAbsence of aldosteroneAldosterone deficiencyAngiotensin IIReceptor antagonismMineralocorticoid receptorKnockout miceAldosterone synthase knockout (AS(-/-)) miceMineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactonePlasminogen activator inhibitor-1 mRNA expressionAldosterone synthase inhibitionMineralocorticoid receptor activationPrevents angiotensin IIAngiotensin II treatmentSynthase knockout miceBlood urea nitrogenWild-type miceWild-type littermatesMineralocorticoid antagonismAntagonist spironolactoneAortic remodelingRenal injuryEndogenous aldosteroneGlomerular hypertrophyGlomerular injury
2011
CYP4A11 T8590C polymorphism, salt-sensitive hypertension, and renal blood flow
Williams JS, Hopkins PN, Jeunemaitre X, Brown NJ. CYP4A11 T8590C polymorphism, salt-sensitive hypertension, and renal blood flow. Journal Of Hypertension 2011, 29: 1913-1918. PMID: 21873888, PMCID: PMC3309034, DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0b013e32834aa786.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMean arterial pressureHigh salt intakeRenal blood flowHypertensive individualsBlood pressureSalt intakeC alleleSalt restrictionNormotensive individualsBlood flowSalt-sensitive blood pressureSalt sensitivityLow-salt dietDiagnosis of hypertensionHigh blood pressureSalt-sensitive hypertensionRenal vasodilationPressor responseSalt dietArterial pressureAngiotensin IIAttenuated increaseSodium homeostasisCYP4A11 T8590C polymorphismHypertensionThe renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system and glucose homeostasis
Luther JM, Brown NJ. The renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system and glucose homeostasis. Trends In Pharmacological Sciences 2011, 32: 734-739. PMID: 21880378, PMCID: PMC3223326, DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2011.07.006.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAldosterone systemΒ-cellsGlucose-stimulated insulin secretionIncidence of diabetesLarge clinical trialsInduces Insulin ResistanceCultured β-cellsPancreatic β-cellsRAAS inhibitionAng IIAngiotensin IIInsulin resistanceHeart diseaseClinical trialsDiabetes progressionMineralocorticoid receptorPharmacological strategiesInsulin secretionGlucose homeostasisPancreatic isletsOxidative stressDiabetesIndependent mechanismsGlucose transportCellular levelAldosterone decreases glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in vivo in mice and in murine islets
Luther JM, Luo P, Kreger MT, Brissova M, Dai C, Whitfield TT, Kim HS, Wasserman DH, Powers AC, Brown NJ. Aldosterone decreases glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in vivo in mice and in murine islets. Diabetologia 2011, 54: 2152-2163. PMID: 21519965, PMCID: PMC3216479, DOI: 10.1007/s00125-011-2158-9.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsWild-type miceGlucose-stimulated insulin secretionHigh sodium intakeEffects of aldosteroneInsulin secretionSodium intakeHyperglycaemic clampInsulin sensitivityEuglycaemic–hyperinsulinaemic clamp studiesSuperoxide dismutase mimetic tempolRelative aldosterone excessMineralocorticoid receptor antagonismDismutase mimetic tempolMineralocorticoid receptor antagonistsC-peptide concentrationsOnset of diabetesConclusions/interpretationWeMIN6 beta-cell lineBeta-cell lineAldosterone excessRenin activityGlucose intoleranceAldosterone deficiencyAngiotensin IIReceptor antagonismRenin gene polymorphism: its relationship to hypertension, renin levels and vascular responses
Sun B, Williams JS, Pojoga L, Chamarthi B, Lasky-Su J, Raby BA, Hopkins PN, Jeunemaitre X, Brown NJ, Ferri C, Williams GH. Renin gene polymorphism: its relationship to hypertension, renin levels and vascular responses. Journal Of The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System 2011, 12: 564-571. PMID: 21490026, PMCID: PMC3444254, DOI: 10.1177/1470320311405873.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMean arterial pressurePlasma renin activityRenin activityRenin geneHypertension riskSingle nucleotide polymorphismsAngiotensin II infusionNormotensive Caucasian subjectsHyperPATH cohortII infusionPRA levelsVascular responsivenessRenin levelsArterial pressureEssential hypertensionVascular responsesAngiotensin IIHypertensionHigh riskIndependent cohortCaucasian subjectsA alleleResultant haplotypesUnderlying mechanismGene variationThis is not Dr. Conn's aldosterone anymore.
Brown NJ. This is not Dr. Conn's aldosterone anymore. Transactions Of The American Clinical And Climatological Association 2011, 122: 229-43. PMID: 21686229, PMCID: PMC3116341.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAldosteroneAngiotensin IIAngiotensin II Type 1 Receptor BlockersAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsAnimalsBlood PressureCytochrome P-450 CYP11B2Disease Models, AnimalEnzyme InhibitorsFibrosisGene Expression RegulationHumansHyperaldosteronismInflammation MediatorsKidneyLigandsMiceMineralocorticoid Receptor AntagonistsMyocardiumRatsReceptors, MineralocorticoidSignal TransductionTime FactorsConceptsMR-independent pathwayPrevalence of hyperaldosteronismAngiotensin receptor blockersMineralocorticoid receptor antagonismSecretion of aldosteroneAldosterone-secreting adenomasPro-fibrotic effectsReceptor blockersResistant hypertensionSevere hypertensionAldosterone concentrationRenal injuryEndogenous aldosteroneACE inhibitorsCardiovascular remodelingAngiotensin IIReceptor antagonismHeart diseaseProfibrotic effectsAldosteroneBaseline valuesEnzyme inhibitorsPatientsPotassium homeostasisHypertension
2010
Low-salt diet increases insulin resistance in healthy subjects
Garg R, Williams GH, Hurwitz S, Brown NJ, Hopkins PN, Adler GK. Low-salt diet increases insulin resistance in healthy subjects. Metabolism 2010, 60: 965-968. PMID: 21036373, PMCID: PMC3036792, DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2010.09.005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLow-salt dietHomeostasis model assessment indexModel assessment indexBody mass indexInsulin resistanceLS dietUrine aldosteroneMass indexHS dietHealthy subjectsHigher homeostasis model assessment indexUrine norepinephrine excretionPlasma renin activityHigh-salt dietSympathetic nervous systemSerum angiotensin IIPathogenesis of diabetesUrine epinephrineNorepinephrine excretionRenin activitySerum aldosteroneBlood pressureSerum sodiumAngiotensin IIHealthy menIncreased Sensitivity to Angiotensin II Is Present Postpartum in Women With a History of Hypertensive Pregnancy
Saxena AR, Karumanchi SA, Brown NJ, Royle CM, McElrath TF, Seely EW. Increased Sensitivity to Angiotensin II Is Present Postpartum in Women With a History of Hypertensive Pregnancy. Hypertension 2010, 55: 1239-1245. PMID: 20308605, PMCID: PMC2880505, DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.109.147595.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLow-sodium balanceSoluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 levelsHypertensive pregnanciesDiastolic blood pressureAngiotensin IIBlood pressurePressor responseHigh sodium balanceInfused angiotensin IISystolic pressor responseNew-onset hypertensionAngiotensin II infusionFuture cardiovascular riskHigh-salt dietSystolic blood pressureII infusionCardiovascular riskNormotensive pregnanciesPostpartum womenSodium balancePregnancySalt loadingPostpartumDietary phasesWomen
2009
Aldosterone antagonism or synthase inhibition reduces end-organ damage induced by treatment with angiotensin and high salt
Lea WB, Kwak ES, Luther JM, Fowler SM, Wang Z, Ma J, Fogo AB, Brown NJ. Aldosterone antagonism or synthase inhibition reduces end-organ damage induced by treatment with angiotensin and high salt. Kidney International 2009, 75: 936-944. PMID: 19225557, PMCID: PMC2770712, DOI: 10.1038/ki.2009.9.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAldosterone synthase inhibitionEnd-organ damageHigh salt intakeWeeks of treatmentPlasminogen activator inhibitor-1Angiotensin IISynthase inhibitionMRNA expressionSalt intakeInterstitial fibrosisGrowth factor-beta mRNA expressionAortic medial hypertrophyMineralocorticoid receptor blockadeMineralocorticoid receptor antagonismHigh-salt dietCardiac interstitial fibrosisKidneys of ratsPAI-1 mRNA expressionActivator inhibitor-1MRNA protein expressionAldosterone antagonismHypertensive responseRenal effectsUninephrectomized ratsMedial hypertrophyPhosphodiesterase 5 Inhibition Improves β-Cell Function in Metabolic Syndrome
Hill KD, Eckhauser AW, Marney A, Brown NJ. Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibition Improves β-Cell Function in Metabolic Syndrome. Diabetes Care 2009, 32: 857-859. PMID: 19196886, PMCID: PMC2671107, DOI: 10.2337/dc08-1862.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBeta-cell functionPhosphodiesterase-5 inhibitionMetabolic syndromeInsulin sensitivityPlasma renin activityDiastolic blood pressureΒ-cell functionRenin activityBlood pressureACE inhibitionAngiotensin IIFibrinolytic parametersACE activityGlucose homeostasisSeparate daysSyndromeRamiprilFibrinolysisTadalafilInhibitionTreatmentNovel strategyPlaceboResearch designWomen
2008
Endogenous Aldosterone Contributes to Acute Angiotensin II-Stimulated Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 and Preproendothelin-1 Expression in Heart But Not Aorta
Luther JM, Wang Z, Ma J, Makhanova N, Kim HS, Brown NJ. Endogenous Aldosterone Contributes to Acute Angiotensin II-Stimulated Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 and Preproendothelin-1 Expression in Heart But Not Aorta. Endocrinology 2008, 150: 2229-2236. PMID: 19106220, PMCID: PMC2671907, DOI: 10.1210/en.2008-1296.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPpET-1 expressionAng IIPlasminogen activator inhibitor-1Profibrotic gene expressionEndogenous aldosteroneActivator inhibitor-1PAI-1MRNA expressionWT miceAngiotensin IITGF-beta mRNA expressionInhibitor-1Acute angiotensin IIBasal PAI-1Plasma renin activityAcute stimulatory effectPpET-1 mRNA expressionTGF-beta expressionTissue mRNA expressionPreproendothelin-1 expressionRenin activityAldosterone concentrationH infusionAldosteronePpET-1
2007
Modulation of angiotensin II and norepinephrine-induced plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 expression by AT1a receptor deficiency
Brown NJ, Bradford J, Wang Z, Lea W, Ma L, Ma J, Vaughan DE, Fogo AB. Modulation of angiotensin II and norepinephrine-induced plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 expression by AT1a receptor deficiency. Kidney International 2007, 72: 72-81. PMID: 17429342, DOI: 10.1038/sj.ki.5002268.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAngiotensin IIAngiotensin II Type 1 Receptor BlockersAnimalsAortaBlood PressureGene Expression RegulationKidneyLiverLosartanMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutMyocardiumNorepinephrinePlasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1Random AllocationReceptor, Angiotensin, Type 1RNA, MessengerVasoconstrictor AgentsConceptsPAI-1 expressionPlasminogen activator inhibitor-1 expressionSystolic blood pressureAng IIBlood pressureReceptor deficiencyWT miceAngiotensin IIBaseline systolic blood pressureAT1a receptor deficiencyEffects of losartanReceptor knockout micePressor responseWT heartsReceptor mRNAKnockout miceLosartanNorepinephrinePAI-1AortaKidneyLiverMiceCell-type specificHeart
2006
Angiotensin II Induces Interleukin-6 in Humans Through a Mineralocorticoid Receptor–Dependent Mechanism
Luther JM, Gainer JV, Murphey LJ, Yu C, Vaughan DE, Morrow JD, Brown NJ. Angiotensin II Induces Interleukin-6 in Humans Through a Mineralocorticoid Receptor–Dependent Mechanism. Hypertension 2006, 48: 1050-1057. PMID: 17043157, DOI: 10.1161/01.hyp.0000248135.97380.76.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMineralocorticoid receptor-dependent mechanismAngiotensin IIReceptor-dependent mechanismBlood pressureIL-6Normotensive subjectsCrossover studyHigh-sensitivity C-reactive proteinSerum IL-6 concentrationDouble-blind crossover studyOxidative stressWeeks of placeboIL-6 concentrationsC-reactive proteinRenal plasma flowIntravenous aldosteroneAldosterone responseSerum potassiumInterleukin-6Mineralocorticoid receptorPlaceboAldosteroneSpironolactoneSeparate daysReceptor independent
2004
Pharmacological Inhibition and Genetic Deficiency of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Attenuates Angiotensin II/Salt-Induced Aortic Remodeling
Weisberg AD, Albornoz F, Griffin JP, Crandall DL, Elokdah H, Fogo AB, Vaughan DE, Brown NJ. Pharmacological Inhibition and Genetic Deficiency of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Attenuates Angiotensin II/Salt-Induced Aortic Remodeling. Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis And Vascular Biology 2004, 25: 365-371. PMID: 15576638, DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.0000152356.85791.52.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAcetatesAdministration, OralAngiotensin IIAnimalsAntigens, DifferentiationAortaAortic DiseasesBlood PressureChemokine CCL2Collagen Type ICollagen Type IIIDrug Evaluation, PreclinicalFibronectinsFibrosisGene Expression RegulationGlomerulosclerosis, Focal SegmentalHeartHypertrophy, Left VentricularIndoleacetic AcidsIndolesKidneyMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutMyocardiumNephrectomyOsteopontinPlasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1Random AllocationRNA, MessengerSialoglycoproteinsSingle-Blind MethodSodium Chloride, DietaryConceptsAng IIAortic remodelingCardiac fibrosisPAI-039PAI-1 inhibitionVascular remodelingCardiac hypertrophyMouse modelHeart/body weight ratioAng II/saltWall thickeningPharmacological inhibitionSmall molecule PAI-1 inhibitorAortic mRNA expressionHigh salt intakeAortic wall thickeningMale C57BL/6J miceBody weight ratioChemoattractant protein-1PAI-1 deficiencyPAI-1 activityPAI-1 inhibitorPlasminogen activator inhibitorPressor responseAngiotensin II
2003
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition Alters the Fibrinolytic Response to Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Pretorius M, Murphey LJ, McFarlane JA, Vaughan DE, Brown NJ. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition Alters the Fibrinolytic Response to Cardiopulmonary Bypass. Circulation 2003, 108: 3079-3083. PMID: 14656921, DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.0000105765.54573.60.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPostoperative day 1PAI-1 antigenCardiopulmonary bypassACE inhibitorsPAI-1 expressionACEI groupACE inhibitionPlasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) concentrationsTPA activityTissue-type plasminogen activator antigenAngiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitionAcute graft thrombosisPreoperative ACE inhibitorsMorning of surgeryCoronary artery bypassVein graft occlusionPlasminogen activator antigenArterial blood samplesArtery bypassGraft thrombosisGraft occlusionFibrinolytic responseAngiotensin IIBlood samplesDay 1Effect of Combined AT1 Receptor and Aldosterone Receptor Antagonism on Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1
Sawathiparnich P, Murphey LJ, Kumar S, Vaughan DE, Brown NJ. Effect of Combined AT1 Receptor and Aldosterone Receptor Antagonism on Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1. The Journal Of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 2003, 88: 3867-3873. PMID: 12915681, DOI: 10.1210/jc.2003-030374.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAngiotensin Receptor AntagonistsBenzimidazolesBiphenyl CompoundsDiureticsElectrolytesFemaleFibrinolysisFurosemideHemodynamicsHumansMaleMineralocorticoid Receptor AntagonistsPlasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1Potassium ChlorideReceptor, Angiotensin, Type 1Renin-Angiotensin SystemSingle-Blind MethodSpironolactoneTetrazolesConceptsMean arterial pressureAldosterone receptor antagonismAng IIReceptor antagonismPAI-1Angiotensin II type 1Coadministration of spironolactoneEffects of candesartanFurosemide-induced increasePresence of candesartanAldosterone receptor antagonistsEndogenous Ang IIPlasminogen activator inhibitor-1PAI-1 antigenActivator inhibitor-1PAI-1 productionPlasminogen activator inhibitorAldosterone systemNormotensive subjectsArterial pressureAngiotensin IIAT1 receptorFibrinolytic variablesReceptor antagonistCandesartan
2002
Spironolactone Abolishes the Relationship between Aldosterone and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 in Humans
Sawathiparnich P, Kumar S, Vaughan DE, Brown NJ. Spironolactone Abolishes the Relationship between Aldosterone and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 in Humans. The Journal Of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 2002, 87: 448-452. PMID: 11836266, DOI: 10.1210/jcem.87.2.7980.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAldosteroneAntihypertensive AgentsBlood PressureCross-Over StudiesDiureticsDouble-Blind MethodFibrinolysisHumansHydrochlorothiazideHypertensionMaleMiddle AgedMineralocorticoid Receptor AntagonistsPlasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1Sodium Chloride Symporter InhibitorsSpironolactoneConceptsPAI-1 antigenT-PA antigenAngiotensin IITissue-type plasminogen activator antigenEffect of spironolactoneSystolic blood pressureMale hypertensive subjectsPlasminogen activator antigenPlasminogen activator inhibitor-1Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 productionActivator inhibitor-1PAI-1 productionAldosterone systemHypertensive subjectsSerum aldosteroneBlood pressureEndogenous aldosteroneHemodynamic parametersAldosteroneStudy daysSpironolactoneHCTZPAI-1AntigenInhibitor-1Comparative Effects of Estrogen and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition on Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 in Healthy Postmenopausal Women
Brown NJ, Abbas A, Byrne D, Schoenhard JA, Vaughan DE. Comparative Effects of Estrogen and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition on Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 in Healthy Postmenopausal Women. Circulation 2002, 105: 304-309. PMID: 11804984, DOI: 10.1161/hc0302.102570.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAldosteroneAngiotensin IIAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsBlood PressureCardiovascular DiseasesCross-Over StudiesDrug Therapy, CombinationEstradiolEstrogen Replacement TherapyEstrogens, Conjugated (USP)FemaleHumansMiddle AgedPlasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1Polymorphism, GeneticPostmenopauseRamiprilReninSingle-Blind MethodTissue Plasminogen ActivatorConceptsHealthy postmenopausal womenPAI-1 4G/5G genotypePlasma renin activityPostmenopausal womenPAI-1 concentrationsACE inhibitionTissue plasminogen activatorConjugated estrogensPAI-1G genotypeRenin activityAngiotensin IIPlasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) concentrationsAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitionPAI-1 antigen concentrationsPlasminogen activatorConjugated equine estrogensEffects of estrogenPlasminogen activator inhibitor-1Activator inhibitor-1Combination estrogenClinical outcomesEquine estrogensCombined therapyCrossover treatmentAldosterone and PAI-1: implications for renal injury.
Brown NJ, Vaughan DE, Fogo AB. Aldosterone and PAI-1: implications for renal injury. Journal Of Nephrology 2002, 15: 230-5. PMID: 12113592.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPlasminogen activator inhibitor-1Activator inhibitor-1Renal injuryAnimal modelsInhibitor-1Aldosterone receptor antagonismPlasminogen activator inhibitor-1 expressionExtracellular matrix accumulationPAI-1 expressionMajor physiological inhibitorRenal diseaseAngiotensin IIReceptor antagonismClinical managementAldosteroneProduction of plasminPAI-1FibrosisMatrix accumulationPlasminogen activatorInjuryPhysiological inhibitorVivoExpressionDisease
2000
Synergistic Effect of Adrenal Steroids and Angiotensin II on Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Production
Brown NJ. Synergistic Effect of Adrenal Steroids and Angiotensin II on Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Production. The Journal Of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 2000, 85: 336-344. DOI: 10.1210/jc.85.1.336.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdrenal Cortex HormonesAdrenal GlandsAldosteroneAngiotensin IIAnimalsBlotting, NorthernCells, CulturedChromosome MappingDexamethasoneGenes, ReporterHumansHydrocortisoneHyperaldosteronismMuscle, Smooth, VascularMutagenesis, Site-DirectedPlasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1RatsTissue Plasminogen ActivatorTransfection