Hypochloremia, Diuretic Resistance, and Outcome in Patients With Acute Heart Failure
Ter Maaten JM, Damman K, Hanberg JS, Givertz MM, Metra M, O'Connor CM, Teerlink JR, Ponikowski P, Cotter G, Davison B, Cleland JG, Bloomfield DM, Hillege HL, van Veldhuisen DJ, Voors AA, Testani JM. Hypochloremia, Diuretic Resistance, and Outcome in Patients With Acute Heart Failure. Circulation Heart Failure 2016, 9: e003109. PMID: 27507112, DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.116.003109.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAcute DiseaseAgedAged, 80 and overBiomarkersChloridesDisease ProgressionDiureticsDown-RegulationDrug ResistanceFemaleHeart FailureHospitalizationHumansKaplan-Meier EstimateLinear ModelsMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisProportional Hazards ModelsRisk FactorsTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeXanthinesConceptsAcute heart failureMEq/L.Heart failureDay 14Serum chloridePoor diuretic responseHours of admissionLower serum chlorideBlood urea nitrogenSerum chloride levelsAHF therapiesDiuretic resistancePROTECT trialNeurohormonal activationMultivariable adjustmentRenal functionHospital admissionMultivariable analysisDiuretic responseDiuretic responsivenessDiuretic targetChloride levelsUrea nitrogenHypochloremiaChloride homeostasisImportance of Abnormal Chloride Homeostasis in Stable Chronic Heart Failure
Grodin JL, Verbrugge FH, Ellis SG, Mullens W, Testani JM, Tang WH. Importance of Abnormal Chloride Homeostasis in Stable Chronic Heart Failure. Circulation Heart Failure 2016, 9: e002453. PMID: 26721916, PMCID: PMC4702267, DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.115.002453.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedBiomarkersChloridesChronic DiseaseCoronary AngiographyDown-RegulationFemaleHeart FailureHumansKaplan-Meier EstimateMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisPrognosisProportional Hazards ModelsProspective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsTime FactorsWater-Electrolyte BalanceWater-Electrolyte ImbalanceConceptsChronic heart failureStable chronic heart failureHeart failureLower serum chlorideSerum chlorideMortality riskElective diagnostic coronary angiographyLow serum chloride levelLong-term prognostic valueAdjusted mortality riskDiagnostic coronary angiographySerum chloride levelsAdjusted riskCause mortalityElectrolyte abnormalitiesCoronary angiographyStable patientsPrognostic implicationsPrognostic valueMultivariable modelChloride levelsSodium levelsPatientsChloride homeostasisMortality