2019
Impact of early antiretroviral treatment on sexual behaviour: a randomised comparison
Lampe FC, Rodger AJ, Burman W, Grulich A, Friedland G, Sadr WE, Neaton J, Corbelli GM, Emery S, Molina JM, Orkin C, Gatell J, Gerstoft J, Ruxrungtham K, de Souza M, Phillips AN. Impact of early antiretroviral treatment on sexual behaviour: a randomised comparison. AIDS 2019, 33: 2337-2350. PMID: 31764099, PMCID: PMC6882545, DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000002359.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEarly antiretroviral treatmentHIV-serodifferent partnersAntiretroviral treatmentMonth 12Month 24CD4 cell countHIV-positive adultsSexual behaviorHIV infectiousnessImmediate armViral suppressionPrimary outcomeHigh prevalenceCondomless sexCell countMSMCells/Lower absolute levelsSexHeterosexual menTreatmentHeterosexualsArmAbsolute levelsPrevalence
2016
Impact of nurse-delivered community-based CD4 services on facilitating pre-ART care in rural South Africa
Kompala T, Moll AP, Mtungwa N, Brooks RP, Friedland GH, Shenoi SV. Impact of nurse-delivered community-based CD4 services on facilitating pre-ART care in rural South Africa. BMC Health Services Research 2016, 16: 374. PMID: 27515233, PMCID: PMC4982129, DOI: 10.1186/s12913-016-1627-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPre-ART careAntiretroviral treatmentCD4 testingCBVCT servicesTreatment cascadeRural South AfricaLocal primary care clinicsCD4 count resultsCommunity-based voluntary counselingPrimary care clinicsHIV-positive clientsPhlebotomy servicesResource-limited settingsART initiationHIV careART eligibilityCare cascadeCare clinicsHIV-positiveVoluntary counselingTreatment eligibilityCD4 resultsResult notificationResultsBetween 2010Nurse presence
2014
Improved survival in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients receiving integrated tuberculosis and antiretroviral treatment in the SAPiT Trial
Padayatchi N, Abdool Karim SS, Naidoo K, Grobler A, Friedland G. Improved survival in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients receiving integrated tuberculosis and antiretroviral treatment in the SAPiT Trial. The International Journal Of Tuberculosis And Lung Disease 2014, 18: 147-154. PMID: 24429305, PMCID: PMC4770013, DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.13.0627.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMultidrug-resistant tuberculosisMDR-TB patientsSequential treatment armAnti-tuberculosis treatmentAntiretroviral treatmentTreatment armsFirst-line anti-tuberculosis treatmentMultidrug-resistant tuberculosis patientsHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionImmunodeficiency virus infectionOut-patient clinicDrug susceptibility resultsSAPiT trialTuberculosis patientsClinical outcomesEarly initiationTherapeutic effectVirus infectionMortality ratePatientsTherapeutic outcomesSmall sample sizeTreatmentSusceptibility resultsTuberculosis
2013
Case 29-2013 — A 32-Year-Old HIV-Positive African Man with Dyspnea and Skin Lesions
Cabot R, Rosenberg E, Harris N, Shepard J, Cort A, Ebeling S, McDonald E, Friedland G, Naidoo P, Abdool-Gafoor B, Moosa M, Ramdial P, Gandhi R. Case 29-2013 — A 32-Year-Old HIV-Positive African Man with Dyspnea and Skin Lesions. New England Journal Of Medicine 2013, 369: 1152-1161. PMID: 24047065, DOI: 10.1056/nejmcpc1305985.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchChest Radiograph Findings and Time to Culture Conversion in Patients with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis and HIV in Tugela Ferry, South Africa
Brust JC, Berman AR, Zalta B, Haramati LB, Ning Y, Heo M, van der Merwe TL, Bamber S, Moll AP, Friedland GH, Shah NS, Gandhi NR. Chest Radiograph Findings and Time to Culture Conversion in Patients with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis and HIV in Tugela Ferry, South Africa. PLOS ONE 2013, 8: e73975. PMID: 24040132, PMCID: PMC3765317, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073975.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMultidrug-resistant tuberculosisBaseline chest radiographSputum smear statusCulture conversionMajority of patientsCD4 countHilar lymphadenopathySmear statusPleural effusionSputum smearChest radiographsAntiretroviral therapy eraCulture conversion rateMedian CD4 countPercent of patientsChest radiograph findingsEnd of treatmentTherapy eraAdvanced immunodeficiencyCavitary diseaseRadiograph findingsHIV statusRadiographic featuresIndependent associationTreatment outcomes
2012
The immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome after antiretroviral therapy initiation in patients with tuberculosis: findings from the SAPiT trial.
Naidoo K, Yende-Zuma N, Padayatchi N, Naidoo K, Jithoo N, Nair G, Bamber S, Gengiah S, El-Sadr WM, Friedland G, Abdool Karim S. The immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome after antiretroviral therapy initiation in patients with tuberculosis: findings from the SAPiT trial. Annals Of Internal Medicine 2012, 157: 313-24. PMID: 22944873, PMCID: PMC3534856, DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-157-5-201209040-00004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAIDS-Related Opportunistic InfectionsAntibiotics, AntitubercularAnti-Retroviral AgentsCD4 Lymphocyte CountFemaleHIV InfectionsHumansImmune Reconstitution Inflammatory SyndromeImmunocompromised HostIncidenceKaplan-Meier EstimateMaleProspective StudiesRifampinRisk FactorsSeverity of Illness IndexTuberculosisConceptsImmune reconstitution inflammatory syndromeSequential treatment groupIncidence of IRISReconstitution inflammatory syndromeAntiretroviral therapy initiationART initiationTreatment groupsIRIS incidenceSAPiT trialInflammatory syndromeTherapy initiationTreatment initiationTuberculosis treatmentOpen-label clinical trialCells/LCo-infected patientsEarly ART initiationInitiation of ARTTuberculosis treatment initiationSmear-negative tuberculosisHigher hospitalization ratesWeeks of completionBaseline CD4Antituberculosis treatmentNonambulatory patientsIntegrated, home-based treatment for MDR-TB and HIV in rural South Africa: an alternate model of care [Perspectives]
Brust J, Shah N, Scott M, Chaiyachati K, Lygizos M, van der Merwe T, Bamber S, Radebe Z, Loveday M, Moll A, Margot B, Lalloo U, Friedland G, Gandhi N. Integrated, home-based treatment for MDR-TB and HIV in rural South Africa: an alternate model of care [Perspectives]. The International Journal Of Tuberculosis And Lung Disease 2012, 16: 998-1004. PMID: 22668560, PMCID: PMC3390442, DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.11.0713.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAmbulatory CareAnti-HIV AgentsAntitubercular AgentsAttitude of Health PersonnelCaregiversCD4 Lymphocyte CountCoinfectionDelivery of Health Care, IntegratedFeasibility StudiesFemaleHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHIV InfectionsHome Care ServicesHumansMaleMedication AdherenceOrganizational ObjectivesPatient Care TeamProgram DevelopmentProgram EvaluationRural Health ServicesSocial SupportSouth AfricaTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeTuberculosis, Multidrug-ResistantViral LoadConceptsMultidrug-resistant tuberculosisHome-based treatmentHIV treatmentAdverse reactionsTreatment outcomesTreatment programHigh HIV prevalent settingsMDR-TB treatmentEscalation of careSevere adverse eventsHIV treatment programsHIV-prevalent settingsCommunity health workersCo-infection ratePatient treatment programTreatment modelPromising treatment modelNew treatment modelRural KwaZulu-NatalHIV-coMonthly culturesAdherence supportAdverse eventsClinical responseHIV outcomesRisk factors for mortality among MDR- and XDR-TB patients in a high HIV prevalence setting
Gandhi N, Andrews J, Brust J, Montreuil R, Weissman D, Heo M, Moll A, Friedland G, Shah N. Risk factors for mortality among MDR- and XDR-TB patients in a high HIV prevalence setting. The International Journal Of Tuberculosis And Lung Disease 2012, 16: 90-97. PMID: 22236852, PMCID: PMC3302205, DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.11.0153.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAIDS-Related Opportunistic InfectionsAnti-Retroviral AgentsAntitubercular AgentsCD4 Lymphocyte CountCoinfectionDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialExtensively Drug-Resistant TuberculosisFemaleHIV InfectionsHumansMaleMarkov ChainsMonte Carlo MethodPrevalencePrognosisProportional Hazards ModelsRetrospective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsSouth AfricaSurvival AnalysisTime FactorsTuberculosis, Multidrug-ResistantTuberculosis, PulmonaryConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virusXDR-TB patientsRisk factorsAntiretroviral therapyXDR-TBDrug-resistant (XDR) TBImmunosuppressed human immunodeficiency virusStrong independent risk factorHigh HIV prevalence settingsMDR-TB patientsTB treatment programsIndependent risk factorYear of diagnosisDrug-resistant tuberculosisHIV prevalence settingsCells/Principal risk factorsCase-control studyAmplification of resistanceHigh mortality rateART initiationHIV testingImmunodeficiency virusPrevalence settingsMortality rate
2011
Integration of Antiretroviral Therapy with Tuberculosis Treatment
Abdool Karim S, Naidoo K, Grobler A, Padayatchi N, Baxter C, Gray AL, Gengiah T, Gengiah S, Naidoo A, Jithoo N, Nair G, El-Sadr WM, Friedland G, Abdool Karim Q. Integration of Antiretroviral Therapy with Tuberculosis Treatment. New England Journal Of Medicine 2011, 365: 1492-1501. PMID: 22010915, PMCID: PMC3233684, DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1014181.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsImmune reconstitution inflammatory syndromeT-cell countsEarly ART groupLater-ART groupInitiation of ARTAntiretroviral therapyTuberculosis treatmentIncidence rateCubic millimeterAdverse eventsRisk of IRISHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionReconstitution inflammatory syndromeMedian viral loadImmunodeficiency virus infectionAIDS-free survivalRisk of AIDSHigher CD4Median CD4Inflammatory syndromeAmbulatory patientsImmunodeficiency syndromeViral loadContinuation phaseAntiretroviral drugs
2010
Timing of Initiation of Antiretroviral Drugs during Tuberculosis Therapy
Abdool Karim S, Naidoo K, Grobler A, Padayatchi N, Baxter C, Gray A, Gengiah T, Nair G, Bamber S, Singh A, Khan M, Pienaar J, El-Sadr W, Friedland G, Abdool Karim Q. Timing of Initiation of Antiretroviral Drugs during Tuberculosis Therapy. New England Journal Of Medicine 2010, 362: 697-706. PMID: 20181971, PMCID: PMC3076221, DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa0905848.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAIDS-Related Opportunistic InfectionsAnti-Retroviral AgentsAntitubercular AgentsCD4 Lymphocyte CountDrug Administration ScheduleDrug Therapy, CombinationFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHIVHIV InfectionsHumansKaplan-Meier EstimateMaleMiddle AgedPatient ComplianceRNA, ViralTuberculosisViral LoadYoung AdultConceptsSequential therapy groupHuman immunodeficiency virusAntiretroviral therapyRate of deathTuberculosis therapyHIV infectionDaily antiretroviral regimenIntegrated antiretroviral therapyIntegration of tuberculosisStandard tuberculosis therapyPositive sputum smearPrimary end pointSafety Monitoring CommitteeDiagnosis of tuberculosisAcid-fast bacilliTiming of initiationAntiretroviral regimenAdverse eventsHIV servicesImmunodeficiency virusAntiretroviral drugsSputum smearStudy groupPatientsCell countAntiretroviral medication adherence and class-specific resistance in a large prospective clinical trial
Gardner EM, Hullsiek KH, Telzak EE, Sharma S, Peng G, Burman WJ, MacArthur RD, Chesney M, Friedland G, Mannheimer SB. Antiretroviral medication adherence and class-specific resistance in a large prospective clinical trial. AIDS 2010, 24: 395-403. PMID: 20099399, PMCID: PMC2886717, DOI: 10.1097/qad.0b013e328335cd8a.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInitial virological failureCumulative adherenceVirological failureMedian timeNucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistanceProspective clinical trial dataInhibitor strategiesLarge prospective clinical trialsReverse transcriptase inhibitor resistanceInhibitor resistanceAntiretroviral-naive participantsProspective clinical trialsCox regression analysisTranscriptase inhibitor resistanceAntiretroviral medication adherenceProtease inhibitor resistanceClinical trial dataProtease inhibitorsMedication resistanceAntiretroviral therapyHIV RNANNRTI resistanceMedication adherenceClinical trialsGenotypic resistance
2008
Episodic Antiretroviral Therapy Increases HIV Transmission Risk Compared With Continuous Therapy: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Burman W, Grund B, Neuhaus J, Douglas J, Friedland G, Telzak E, Colebunders R, Paton N, Fisher M, Rietmeijer C. Episodic Antiretroviral Therapy Increases HIV Transmission Risk Compared With Continuous Therapy: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2008, 49: 142-150. PMID: 18769356, PMCID: PMC2749067, DOI: 10.1097/qai.0b013e318183a9ad.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAntiviral AgentsCD4 Lymphocyte CountFemaleHIV InfectionsHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk AssessmentRisk-TakingRNA, ViralViral LoadConceptsHIV transmission riskHigh-risk behaviorsEpisodic antiretroviral therapyAntiretroviral therapyTransmission riskContinuous antiretroviral therapyHIV RNA levelsAntiretroviral Therapy studyProportion of participantsTherapy armContinuous therapyControlled TrialsRandomized armHIV transmissionMean ageNeedle sharingPatientsTherapyTherapy studiesStrategy of managementRNA levelsSexual activityRiskBaselineLaboratory testingClinic-Based Intervention Reduces Unprotected Sexual Behavior Among HIV-Infected Patients in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: Results of a Pilot Study
Cornman DH, Kiene SM, Christie S, Fisher WA, Shuper PA, Pillay S, Friedland GH, Thomas CM, Lodge L, Fisher JD. Clinic-Based Intervention Reduces Unprotected Sexual Behavior Among HIV-Infected Patients in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: Results of a Pilot Study. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2008, 48: 553-560. PMID: 18645518, PMCID: PMC2813056, DOI: 10.1097/qai.0b013e31817bebd7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUnprotected sexual behaviorPrevention interventionsClinical careBrief risk reduction interventionHuman immunodeficiency virus prevention interventionsSexual behaviorUnprotected sex eventsCare control conditionRoutine clinical careHIV prevention interventionsRoutine patient visitsSex eventsClinical care settingsRisk reduction interventionsCounselor-delivered interventionUnprotected sexual eventsPatient visitsCare settingsSelf-report questionnairesUrban hospitalPatientsHIVIntervention counselorsReduction interventionsClinical encountersCharacteristics of HIV-1-associated Kaposi's sarcoma among women and men in South Africa
Mosam A, Hurkchand H, Cassol E, Page T, Cassol S, Bodasing U, Aboobaker J, Dawood H, Friedland G, Coovadia H. Characteristics of HIV-1-associated Kaposi's sarcoma among women and men in South Africa. International Journal Of STD & AIDS 2008, 19: 400-405. PMID: 18595878, DOI: 10.1258/ijsa.2008.007301.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-1-associated Kaposi's sarcomaKaposi's sarcomaCD4/CD8 cell countsHIV-1 viral loadCD8 cell countsCutaneous Kaposi's sarcomaPoor disease prognosisVirological featuresViral loadClinical parametersPatients 99Male ratioSevere diseaseDisease prognosisCell countSarcomaHIVDescriptive studyAfrican settingEqual femalePatientsOne-thirdDiseaseFemalesWomenThe Impact of Episodic CD4 Cell Count-Guided Antiretroviral Therapy on Quality of Life
Burman WJ, Grund B, Roediger MP, Friedland G, Darbyshire J, Wu AW. The Impact of Episodic CD4 Cell Count-Guided Antiretroviral Therapy on Quality of Life. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2008, 47: 185-193. PMID: 17971716, DOI: 10.1097/qai.0b013e31815acaa4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsQuality of lifeEpisodic antiretroviral therapyAntiretroviral therapyDisease progressionQoL assessmentTherapy groupInferior QOLMedian CD4 lymphocyte countContinuous therapy groupExcellent general healthCD4 cell countCD4 lymphocyte countCells/mm3HIV disease progressionCurrent healthAntiretroviral Therapy studyTherapy armMean followContinuous therapyLymphocyte countAnalog scaleQOL outcomesGeneral healthQOL instrumentsQoL comparisons
2007
Antiretroviral Treatment Regimen Outcomes Among HIV-Infected Prisoners
Springer SA, Friedland GH, Doros G, Pesanti E, Altice FL. Antiretroviral Treatment Regimen Outcomes Among HIV-Infected Prisoners. HIV Research & Clinical Practice 2007, 8: 205-212. PMID: 17720660, PMCID: PMC2409059, DOI: 10.1310/hct0804-205.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAntiretroviral therapyImmunological outcomesHIV-1 RNA levelsCells/mulActive antiretroviral therapyEffective antiretroviral therapyRetrospective cohort studyDuration of therapyKaplan-Meier curvesHIV-1 RNAProportion of subjectsHAART strategyTriple NRTICohort studyCopies/Incarceration periodsTreatment strategiesHigh prevalenceMean changeStudy groupNRTIsHIVTherapyRNA levelsLaboratory data
2006
Administration of efavirenz (600 mg/day) with rifampicin results in highly variable levels but excellent clinical outcomes in patients treated for tuberculosis and HIV
Friedland G, Khoo S, Jack C, Lalloo U. Administration of efavirenz (600 mg/day) with rifampicin results in highly variable levels but excellent clinical outcomes in patients treated for tuberculosis and HIV. Journal Of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2006, 58: 1299-1302. PMID: 17032686, DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkl399.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAlkynesAnti-HIV AgentsAntibiotics, AntitubercularBenzoxazinesCD4 Lymphocyte CountChromatography, High Pressure LiquidCyclopropanesDidanosineDrug Therapy, CombinationFemaleHIV InfectionsHumansLamivudineLongitudinal StudiesMaleOxazinesRifampinTreatment OutcomeTuberculosis, PulmonaryViral LoadConceptsExcellent clinical outcomesEfavirenz concentrationsClinical outcomesAntiretroviral therapyEfavirenz levelsAfrican patientsNon-detectable viral loadSmear-positive pulmonary TBLong-term clinical outcomesAdministration of efavirenzCD4 cell increaseHIV clinical outcomesPlasma efavirenz concentrationsCells/mm3Half of patientsTB regimenPulmonary TBPharmacokinetic interactionsTB outcomesTherapy completionRifampicin administrationViral loadTherapeutic rangePatientsHIV
2005
Generic antiretroviral efficacy in AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma in sub-Saharan Africa
Mosam A, Cassol E, Page T, Bodasing U, Cassol S, Dawood H, Friedland GH, Scadden DT, Aboobaker J, Jordaan JP, Lalloo UG, Esterhuizen TM, Coovadia HM. Generic antiretroviral efficacy in AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma in sub-Saharan Africa. AIDS 2005, 19: 441-443. PMID: 15750399, DOI: 10.1097/01.aids.0000161775.36652.85.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAntiretroviral therapyKaposi's sarcomaCopies/Generic antiretroviral therapyUndetectable viral loadActive antiretroviral therapyGeneric antiretroviral drugsAntiretroviral efficacyViral loadAntiretroviral drugsLog10 declineClinical experienceSarcomaTherapySaharan AfricaSub-Saharan AfricaHIVPatientsAIDSBaseline
2004
Therapeutic Response of HIV-1 Subtype C in African Patients Coinfected with either Mycobacterium tuberculosis or Human Herpesvirus-8
Cassol E, Page T, Mosam A, Friedland G, Jack C, Lalloo U, Kopetka J, Patterson B, Esterhuizen T, Coovadia HM. Therapeutic Response of HIV-1 Subtype C in African Patients Coinfected with either Mycobacterium tuberculosis or Human Herpesvirus-8. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2004, 191: 324-332. PMID: 15633090, DOI: 10.1086/427337.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAIDS-Related Opportunistic InfectionsAnti-HIV AgentsCD4 Lymphocyte CountDrug Therapy, CombinationFemaleHerpesvirus 8, HumanHIV InfectionsHIV-1HumansMaleMiddle AgedMycobacterium tuberculosisReverse Transcriptase InhibitorsRNA, ViralSarcoma, KaposiTreatment OutcomeTuberculosis, PulmonaryViral LoadConceptsKaposi's sarcomaHIV-1Opportunistic infectionsViral loadAfrican patientsUndetectable HIV-1 RNA levelsCell countHIV-1 RNA levelsPlasma HIV-1 levelsHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionHIV-1 subtype CKaplan-Meier survival analysisMycobacterium tuberculosisHIV-1 levelsImmunodeficiency virus infectionProportion of patientsTarget cell availabilityHuman herpesvirus 8Immune activationTreatment regimensSubtype CTherapeutic responseTreatment outcomesVirus infectionHerpesvirus 8
2003
Use of Total Lymphocyte Count for Monitoring Response to Antiretroviral Therapy
Schreibman T, Friedland G. Use of Total Lymphocyte Count for Monitoring Response to Antiretroviral Therapy. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2003, 38: 257-262. PMID: 14699459, DOI: 10.1086/380792.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTotal lymphocyte countCD4 cell countAntiretroviral therapyCell countLymphocyte countHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diseaseOpportunistic infection prophylaxisPotential surrogate markerResource-limited settingsHIV diseaseInfection prophylaxisLaboratory markersOpportunistic infectionsSurrogate markerDisease progressionClinical utilityImmune functionTherapeutic interventionsTherapyKey laboratory measurementsMonitoring responseVirus diseaseLack of availabilityDiseaseCount