2019
Community Health Workers Improve Linkage to Hypertension Care in Western Kenya
Vedanthan R, Kamano JH, DeLong AK, Naanyu V, Binanay CA, Bloomfield GS, Chrysanthopoulou SA, Finkelstein EA, Hogan JW, Horowitz CR, Inui TS, Menya D, Orango V, Velazquez EJ, Were MC, Kimaiyo S, Fuster V. Community Health Workers Improve Linkage to Hypertension Care in Western Kenya. Journal Of The American College Of Cardiology 2019, 74: 1897-1906. PMID: 31487546, PMCID: PMC6788970, DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.08.003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAntihypertensive AgentsBlood PressureBlood Pressure DeterminationCluster AnalysisCommunicationCommunity Health ServicesCommunity Health WorkersFemaleHealth BehaviorHealth PromotionHealth Services AccessibilityHealth Services ResearchHumansHypertensionKenyaMaleMedication AdherenceMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSmartphoneSystoleTelemedicineConceptsCommunity health workersElevated blood pressureBlood pressureSystolic BPUsual careHealth workersHypertension careCovariate-adjusted mixed effects modelAverage overall followBaseline systolic BPHypertension care programCo-primary outcomesSystolic blood pressureSBP reductionHypertension controlOverall followSBP changeRisk factorsCare programLinkage of individualsCareMixed effects modelsGreater reductionMobile healthMortality
2018
Sex Difference in Patients With Ischemic Heart Failure Undergoing Surgical Revascularization
Piña IL, Zheng Q, She L, Szwed H, Lang IM, Farsky PS, Castelvecchio S, Biernat J, Paraforos A, Kosevic D, Favaloro LE, Nicolau JC, Varadarajan P, Velazquez EJ, Pai RG, Cyrille N, Lee KL, Desvigne-Nickens P. Sex Difference in Patients With Ischemic Heart Failure Undergoing Surgical Revascularization. Circulation 2018, 137: 771-780. PMID: 29459462, PMCID: PMC5896331, DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.030526.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIschemic left ventricular dysfunctionLeft ventricular dysfunctionCause mortalityCardiovascular mortalitySTICH trialSurgical deathsVentricular dysfunctionCardiovascular hospitalizationRisk factorsKansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire overall summary scoreHigher New York Heart Association classCardiac Operative Risk Evaluation scoreCoronary artery disease risk factorsNew York Heart Association classHigher body mass indexComposite of deathCoronary artery bypassIschemic heart failureDisease risk factorsPoor prognostic factorVentricular ejection fractionCoronary artery diseaseBody mass indexLong-term outcomesOverall summary score
2017
Impact of Intubation Time on Survival following Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Insights from the Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure (STICH) Trial
Bouabdallaoui N, Stevens SR, Doenst T, Wrobel K, Bouchard D, Deja MA, Michler RE, Chua YL, Kalil RAK, Selzman CH, Daly RC, Sun B, Djokovic LT, Sopko G, Velazquez EJ, Rouleau JL, Lee KL, Al-Khalidi HR, Investigators F. Impact of Intubation Time on Survival following Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Insights from the Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure (STICH) Trial. Journal Of Cardiothoracic And Vascular Anesthesia 2017, 32: 1256-1263. PMID: 29422280, PMCID: PMC6517319, DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2017.12.038.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCoronary artery bypassIntubation timeArtery bypassSurgical treatmentRisk factorsNew York Heart Association classMultivariable Cox proportional hazards modelsIschemic Heart Failure (STICH) trialPrevious coronary artery bypassMultivariable logistic regression modelCox proportional hazards modelPostoperative intubation timeHeart Failure TrialSystolic volume indexIschemic heart failureMitral valve proceduresIdentification of patientsMortality risk factorsStrong independent predictorProportional hazards modelStrongest predictorLogistic regression modelsPostoperative mortalitySTICH trialPerioperative factorsComparison of Incidence of Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction Among Patients With Left Bundle Branch Block Versus Those With Normal QRS Duration
Sze E, Dunning A, Loring Z, Atwater BD, Chiswell K, Daubert JP, Kisslo JA, Mark DB, Velazquez EJ, Samad Z. Comparison of Incidence of Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction Among Patients With Left Bundle Branch Block Versus Those With Normal QRS Duration. The American Journal Of Cardiology 2017, 120: 1990-1997. PMID: 28958452, DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2017.08.003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLeft ventricular systolic dysfunctionLeft bundle branch blockVentricular systolic dysfunctionBundle branch blockEjection fractionBaseline echocardiogramSystolic dysfunctionBranch blockQRS durationRisk factorsRelative riskLeft ventricular assist deviceNarrow QRS durationCohort of patientsNormal QRS durationFinal study cohortCommon risk factorsComparison of incidenceVentricular assist deviceHeart transplantStudy cohortLBBB patientsHigh incidencePatientsEchocardiogram
2016
Markers of Atherosclerosis, Clinical Characteristics, and Treatment Patterns in Heart Failure A Case-Control Study of Middle-Aged Adult Heart Failure Patients in Rural Kenya
Bloomfield GS, DeLong AK, Akwanalo CO, Hogan JW, Carter EJ, Aswa DF, Binanay C, Koech M, Kimaiyo S, Velazquez EJ. Markers of Atherosclerosis, Clinical Characteristics, and Treatment Patterns in Heart Failure A Case-Control Study of Middle-Aged Adult Heart Failure Patients in Rural Kenya. Global Heart 2016, 11: 97-107. PMID: 27102027, PMCID: PMC4843836, DOI: 10.1016/j.gheart.2015.12.014.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAnkle Brachial IndexAtherosclerosisBiomarkersCardiomyopathy, DilatedCase-Control StudiesDyslipidemiasEchocardiographyElectrocardiographyFemaleGuideline AdherenceHeart FailureHumansHypertensionKenyaLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedMyocardial IschemiaOdds RatioPractice Guidelines as TopicRisk FactorsRural PopulationConceptsAnkle-brachial indexAtherosclerotic risk factorsIschemic heart failureHeart failureCase-control studyWall motion abnormalitiesRisk factorsMotion abnormalitiesAdult heart failure patientsHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionA Case-Control StudyContribution of atherosclerosisImmunodeficiency virus infectionMarker of atherosclerosisHeart failure patientsMultivariable logistic regressionPhysical examination findingsConfidence intervalsRural KenyaIschemic patternLipid testingClinical characteristicsFailure patientsMost patientsExamination findings
2015
Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Heart Failure in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Bloomfield GS, Alenezi F, Barasa FA, Lumsden R, Mayosi BM, Velazquez EJ. Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Heart Failure in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. JACC Heart Failure 2015, 3: 579-590. PMID: 26251085, PMCID: PMC4530470, DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2015.05.003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virusHeart failureMiddle-income countriesImmunodeficiency virusChronic diseasesBurden of HIVTraditional cardiovascular risk factorsCommon cardiac diagnosesCardiovascular risk factorsLarge observational studiesLife expectancySuccessful combination therapyCare of peopleAntiretroviral therapyClinical characteristicsTreatment patternsSociety guidelinesCombination therapyRisk factorsClinical studiesObservational studyDiagnostic criteriaCardiac diagnosisHigh mortalityCardiac glycosidesCurrent and emerging modalities for detection of cardiotoxicity in cardio-oncology
Khouri MG, Klein MR, Velazquez EJ, Jones LW. Current and emerging modalities for detection of cardiotoxicity in cardio-oncology. Future Cardiology 2015, 11: 471-484. PMID: 26235924, PMCID: PMC5558528, DOI: 10.2217/fca.15.16.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEarly detectionLife-saving cancer therapyCurative-intent therapyCancer-specific mortalityCancer-specific survivalCardiovascular risk factorsDetection of cardiotoxicityFunctional capacity testingNovel adjuvant therapyDegree of cardiotoxicityAdjuvant therapyCardiovascular morbidityCardiovascular mortalityCardiovascular dysfunctionCardiovascular injuryBlood biomarkersRisk factorsEarly preventionCancer treatmentCardiotoxicityTherapyMortalityCancer therapyDiagnostic toolInjury
2014
Blood pressure level impacts risk of death among HIV seropositive adults in Kenya: a retrospective analysis of electronic health records
Bloomfield GS, Hogan JW, Keter A, Holland TL, Sang E, Kimaiyo S, Velazquez EJ. Blood pressure level impacts risk of death among HIV seropositive adults in Kenya: a retrospective analysis of electronic health records. BMC Infectious Diseases 2014, 14: 284. PMID: 24886474, PMCID: PMC4046023, DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-14-284.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSystolic blood pressureLower blood pressureHigher systolic blood pressureCardiovascular risk factorsBlood pressure levelsBlood pressureHigh blood pressureHigher mortality riskMortality rateHazard ratioRisk factorsIncidence rateRetrospective analysisMortality riskLarge HIV treatment programHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionNormal systolic blood pressureProportional hazards regression modelsCox proportional hazards modelAdvanced HIV diseaseNon-communicable causeHIV-seropositive individualsHIV-seropositive adultsImmunodeficiency virus infectionHIV treatment programsOptimizing linkage and retention to hypertension care in rural Kenya (LARK hypertension study): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Vedanthan R, Kamano JH, Naanyu V, Delong AK, Were MC, Finkelstein EA, Menya D, Akwanalo CO, Bloomfield GS, Binanay CA, Velazquez EJ, Hogan JW, Horowitz CR, Inui TS, Kimaiyo S, Fuster V. Optimizing linkage and retention to hypertension care in rural Kenya (LARK hypertension study): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2014, 15: 143. PMID: 24767476, PMCID: PMC4113229, DOI: 10.1186/1745-6215-15-143.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsBlack PeopleBlood PressureCell PhoneClinical ProtocolsCommunicationCommunity Health ServicesCommunity Health WorkersCost-Benefit AnalysisHealth BehaviorHealth Care CostsHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansHypertensionKenyaMotivational InterviewingPatient CompliancePatientsProfessional-Patient RelationsResearch DesignRural Health ServicesTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeConceptsCommunity health workersHypertension careBlood pressureHealth workersHypertensive individualsMethods/designThis studyCo-primary outcome measuresNon-communicable disease managementHypertension care programDisability-adjusted life yearsSystolic blood pressureOne-year changeHealth Belief ModelCost-effectiveness analysisUsual careMiddle-income countriesHypertension managementHypertension treatmentControl rateRisk factorsOutcome measuresDesignThis studyBehavioral communication strategyCare programLife yearsNurse Management of Hypertension in Rural Western Kenya: Implementation Research to Optimize Delivery
Vedanthan R, Kamano JH, Horowitz CR, Ascheim D, Velazquez EJ, Kimaiyo S, Fuster V. Nurse Management of Hypertension in Rural Western Kenya: Implementation Research to Optimize Delivery. Annals Of Global Health 2014, 80: 5-12. PMID: 24751560, PMCID: PMC4036099, DOI: 10.1016/j.aogh.2013.12.002.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRural western KenyaNurse managementBlood pressureNoncommunicable disease managementSystolic blood pressurePrimary outcome measureLong-term treatmentWestern KenyaHypertensive patientsHypertensive individualsMiddle-income countriesHypertension managementHypertension treatmentControl rateRisk factorsHypertensionOutcome measuresOptimize deliveryFull-time equivalentsEffectiveness of strategiesImplementation researchNursesDisease managementFeasibility testingRecord-keeping tool
2013
Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Mental Stress–Induced Myocardial Ischemia in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease
Jiang W, Samad Z, Boyle S, Becker RC, Williams R, Kuhn C, Ortel TL, Rogers J, Kuchibhatla M, O'Connor C, Velazquez EJ. Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Mental Stress–Induced Myocardial Ischemia in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease. Journal Of The American College Of Cardiology 2013, 61: 714-722. PMID: 23410543, PMCID: PMC3913125, DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2012.11.037.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMental stress-induced ischemiaStress-induced ischemiaCoronary heart diseaseMental stress-induced myocardial ischemiaStable coronary heart diseaseStress-induced myocardial ischemiaExercise-induced ischemiaHeart diseaseMyocardial ischemiaClinical characteristicsHigh riskMental Stress–Induced Myocardial IschemiaExercise-induced myocardial ischemiaVentricular ejection fraction reductionRegional wall motion abnormalitiesEjection fraction reductionST-segment depressionMental stress testWall motion abnormalitiesUnmarried menEligible patientsPoor prognosisMotion abnormalitiesRisk factorsExercise test
2012
Race and gender variation in the QT interval and its association with mortality in patients with coronary artery disease: Results from the Duke Databank for Cardiovascular Disease (DDCD)
Williams ES, Thomas KL, Broderick S, Shaw LK, Velazquez EJ, Al-Khatib SM, Daubert JP. Race and gender variation in the QT interval and its association with mortality in patients with coronary artery disease: Results from the Duke Databank for Cardiovascular Disease (DDCD). American Heart Journal 2012, 164: 434-441. PMID: 22980312, DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2012.05.024.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCoronary artery diseaseCause mortalityArtery diseaseProlonged QTcRisk factorsQT intervalMortality riskLow glomerular filtration rateHigher diastolic blood pressureNative coronary artery stenosisCardiac risk factorsLow ejection fractionDiastolic blood pressureGlomerular filtration rateCoronary artery stenosisRisk of deathCardiac catheterizationCardiac eventsDuke DatabankBlood pressureEjection fractionQTc intervalQTc prolongationArtery stenosisBaseline electrocardiogram
2011
Responses of mental stress–induced myocardial ischemia to escitalopram treatment: Background, design, and method for the Responses of Mental Stress Induced Myocardial Ischemia to Escitalopram Treatment trial
Jiang W, Velazquez EJ, Samad Z, Kuchibhatla M, Martsberger C, Rogers J, Williams R, Kuhn C, Ortel TL, Becker RC, Pristera N, Krishnan R, O'Connor CM. Responses of mental stress–induced myocardial ischemia to escitalopram treatment: Background, design, and method for the Responses of Mental Stress Induced Myocardial Ischemia to Escitalopram Treatment trial. American Heart Journal 2011, 163: 20-26. PMID: 22172432, PMCID: PMC3254211, DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2011.09.018.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMental stress-induced myocardial ischemiaCoronary heart diseaseStable coronary heart diseaseStress-induced myocardial ischemiaMyocardial ischemiaMental Stress–Induced Myocardial IschemiaSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) treatmentStress testingSerotonin reuptake inhibitor treatmentEjection fraction reductionReuptake inhibitor treatmentMental stress testingPsychometric questionnairesEffects of SSRIsIschemic ST changesInduced Myocardial IschemiaAbnormal wall motionAdult patientsEscitalopram treatmentSSRI treatmentPoor outcomeTreatment trialsPlatelet activityHeart diseaseRisk factorsHypertension and Obesity as Cardiovascular Risk Factors among HIV Seropositive Patients in Western Kenya
Bloomfield GS, Hogan JW, Keter A, Sang E, Carter EJ, Velazquez EJ, Kimaiyo S. Hypertension and Obesity as Cardiovascular Risk Factors among HIV Seropositive Patients in Western Kenya. PLOS ONE 2011, 6: e22288. PMID: 21779407, PMCID: PMC3136516, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022288.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPrevalence of hypertensionOverweight/obesityLarge HIV treatment programCardiovascular risk factorsHIV treatment programsLogistic regression analysisRisk factorsSystolic/diastolic blood pressureAssociated cardiovascular risk factorsTreatment programMultiple logistic regression analysisHIV-seropositive individualsHIV-seropositive patientsDiastolic blood pressureOverweight/obesePrevalence of HIVPercent of menAge categoriesOrdinal logistic regression analysisRegression analysisHigher age categoriesElectronic medical recordsWestern KenyaCD4 countSeropositive patients
2010
Evidence for the efficacy of ARBs across the cardiovascular continuum
Gupta M, Honos GN, Velazquez EJ, Chung N, Oigman W, Maggioni AP. Evidence for the efficacy of ARBs across the cardiovascular continuum. Current Medical Research And Opinion 2010, 26: 1203-1218. PMID: 20302552, DOI: 10.1185/03007991003712159.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAngiotensin II receptor blockersPatient populationARB classCV continuumPre-specified risk factorsMajor CV outcomesII receptor blockersPrimary prevention studiesCardiovascular disease riskAdditional patient populationsDifferent patient populationsNumerous patient populationsMajor literature databasesCardiovascular continuumCV eventsCV morbidityCV outcomesReceptor blockersSecondary preventionACE inhibitorsAntihypertensive agentsOngoing trialsPrevention StudyRisk factorsDisease riskMechanical Dyssynchrony After Myocardial Infarction in Patients With Left Ventricular Dysfunction, Heart Failure, or Both
Shin SH, Hung CL, Uno H, Hassanein AH, Verma A, Bourgoun M, Køber L, Ghali JK, Velazquez EJ, Califf RM, Pfeffer MA, Solomon SD. Mechanical Dyssynchrony After Myocardial Infarction in Patients With Left Ventricular Dysfunction, Heart Failure, or Both. Circulation 2010, 121: 1096-1103. PMID: 20176989, DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.109.863795.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAnalog-Digital ConversionAngiotensin II Type 1 Receptor BlockersDeathDisease ProgressionFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHeart FailureHumansMaleMiddle AgedMotionMyocardial ContractionMyocardial InfarctionPrognosisProportional Hazards ModelsStress, MechanicalTetrazolesUltrasonographyValineValsartanVentricular Dysfunction, LeftVideo RecordingConceptsSD of timeLeft ventricular dysfunctionHeart failureMyocardial infarctionMechanical dyssynchronyVentricular dysfunctionIndependent predictorsPost-myocardial infarction prognosisPeak velocityAdverse cardiovascular outcomesMultivariate Cox modelRisk of deathLeft ventricular segmentsMeasures of dyssynchronyVelocity vector imagingCardiovascular outcomesEchocardiographic variablesVentricular synchronyVentricular dyssynchronyClinical outcomesEchocardiography studyRisk factorsContractile patternsVentricular segmentsCox model
2009
Gastrointestinal bleeding in high risk survivors of myocardial infarction: the VALIANT Trial
Moukarbel GV, Signorovitch JE, Pfeffer MA, McMurray JJ, White HD, Maggioni AP, Velazquez EJ, Califf RM, Scheiman JM, Solomon SD. Gastrointestinal bleeding in high risk survivors of myocardial infarction: the VALIANT Trial. European Heart Journal 2009, 30: 2226-2232. PMID: 19556260, DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehp256.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRisk factorsGastrointestinal bleedingGI bleedingWorse New York Heart Association classNew York Heart Association classAcute Myocardial Infarction trialPost-myocardial infarction patientsAdditional antiplatelet drugsProfound risk factorRate of GIAdjusted hazard ratioDual antiplatelet therapyMultivariable Cox modelMyocardial Infarction trialDual antiplatelet agentsLeft ventricular dysfunctionGlomerular filtration rateHigh-risk survivorsUse of antiplateletPost-MI patientsRisk of deathPotential risk factorsNon-white racePresent secondary analysisOccurrence of GI
2008
Detection of Left Ventricular Thrombus by Delayed-Enhancement Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Prevalence and Markers in Patients With Systolic Dysfunction
Weinsaft JW, Kim HW, Shah DJ, Klem I, Crowley AL, Brosnan R, James OG, Patel MR, Heitner J, Parker M, Velazquez EJ, Steenbergen C, Judd RM, Kim RJ. Detection of Left Ventricular Thrombus by Delayed-Enhancement Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Prevalence and Markers in Patients With Systolic Dysfunction. Journal Of The American College Of Cardiology 2008, 52: 148-157. PMID: 18598895, DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2008.03.041.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDelayed-enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonanceCine cardiovascular magnetic resonanceLarge mural thrombusLeft ventricular thrombusSystolic dysfunctionVentricular thrombusMural thrombusMyocardial scarringRisk factorsTertiary care referral centerPrevalence of thrombusIndependent risk factorPresence of thrombusLogistic regression analysisCardiovascular magnetic resonanceThrombus prevalenceWorse LVEFIschemic etiologyLower LVEFLV thrombusEmbolic eventsReferral centerConsecutive patientsIschemic cardiomyopathyMultivariable analysisHigh-risk myocardial infarction in the young: The VALsartan In Acute myocardial iNfarcTion (VALIANT) trial
Anderson RE, Pfeffer MA, Thune JJ, McMurray JJ, Califf RM, Velazquez E, White HD, Rouleau JL, Skali H, Maggioni A, Solomon SD. High-risk myocardial infarction in the young: The VALsartan In Acute myocardial iNfarcTion (VALIANT) trial. American Heart Journal 2008, 155: 706-711. PMID: 18371480, DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2007.11.016.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAge FactorsAgedAngiotensin II Type 1 Receptor BlockersAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsCardiovascular DiseasesDiabetes ComplicationsFemaleHumansHypertensionKaplan-Meier EstimateMaleMiddle AgedMortalityMultivariate AnalysisMyocardial InfarctionProportional Hazards ModelsRisk FactorsSex FactorsSmokingSurvivorsTetrazolesValineValsartanConceptsAcute myocardial infarctionAcute Myocardial Infarction trialMyocardial Infarction trialRisk factorsMyocardial infarctionHigh-risk myocardial infarctionCardiovascular event ratesInfluence of hypertensionMultivariate Cox regressionPrognostic risk factorsHistory of MICardiovascular outcomesCurrent smokersLess diabetesYounger patientsCox regressionPost-AMIAdvanced ageRelative riskYoung survivorsAge groupsHypertensionEvent ratesPatientsOutcomes
2007
Effect of Antecedent Hypertension and Follow-Up Blood Pressure on Outcomes After High-Risk Myocardial Infarction
Thune JJ, Signorovitch J, Kober L, Velazquez EJ, McMurray JJ, Califf RM, Maggioni AP, Rouleau JL, Howlett J, Zelenkofske S, Pfeffer MA, Solomon SD. Effect of Antecedent Hypertension and Follow-Up Blood Pressure on Outcomes After High-Risk Myocardial Infarction. Hypertension 2007, 51: 48-54. PMID: 18025296, DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.107.093682.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHigh-risk myocardial infarctionLower blood pressureBlood pressureCardiovascular eventsMyocardial infarctionAntecedent hypertensionHeart failureElevated systolic blood pressureAggressive antihypertensive treatmentComposite of deathMyocardial Infarction trialSubsequent cardiovascular eventsVentricular systolic dysfunctionElevated blood pressureModifiable risk factorsSystolic blood pressureAcute myocardial infarctionPostmyocardial infarction periodAntihypertensive treatmentCardiovascular deathSystolic dysfunctionAdverse eventsCardiac arrestRisk factorsHigh risk