Collaborators G, Kendrick P, Reitsma M, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Abdoli A, Abdollahi M, Abedi A, Abhilash E, Aboyans V, Adebayo O, Advani S, Ahinkorah B, Ahmad S, Ahmadi K, Ahmed H, Aji B, Akalu Y, Akunna C, Alahdab F, Al-Aly Z, Alanezi F, Alanzi T, Alhabib K, Ali T, Alif M, Alipour V, Aljunid S, Alomari M, Amin T, Amini S, Amu H, Ancuceanu R, Anderson J, Andrei C, Andrei T, Ansari-Moghaddam A, Antony B, Anvari D, Arabloo J, Arian N, Arora M, Artanti K, Asmare W, Atnafu D, Ausloos M, Awan A, Ayano G, Aynalem G, Azari S, Darshan B, Badiye A, Baig A, Banach M, Banerjee S, Barker-Collo S, Bärnighausen T, Barqawi H, Basu S, Bayati M, Bazargan-Hejazi S, Bekuma T, Bennett D, Bensenor I, Benzian H, Benziger C, Berman A, Bhagavathula A, Bhala N, Bhardwaj N, Bhardwaj P, Bhattacharyya K, Bibi S, Bijani A, Biondi A, Braithwaite D, Brenner H, Brunoni A, Burkart K, Nagaraja S, Butt Z, dos Santos F, Car J, Carreras G, Castaldelli-Maia J, Cattaruzza M, Chang J, Chaturvedi P, Chen S, Chido-Amajuoyi O, Chu D, Chung S, Ciobanu L, Costa V, Couto R, Dagnew B, Dai X, Damasceno A, Damiani G, Dandona L, Dandona R, Daneshpajouhnejad P, Gela J, Molla M, Desta A, Dharmaratne S, Dhimal M, Eagan A, Kalan M, Edvardsson K, Effiong A, Tantawi M, Elbarazi I, Esmaeilnejad S, Fadhil I, Faraon E, Farwati M, Farzadfar F, Fazlzadeh M, Feigin V, Feldman R, Filip I, Filippidis F, Fischer F, Flor L, Foigt N, Folayan M, Foroutan M, Gad M, Gallus S, Geberemariyam B, Gebregiorgis B, Getacher L, Obsa A, Ghafourifard M, Gheshlagh R, Ghashghaee A, Ghith N, Gil G, Gill P, Ginawi I, Goharinezhad S, Golechha M, Gopalani S, Gorini G, Grivna M, Guha A, Guimarães R, Guo Y, Gupta R, Gupta R, Gupta T, Gupta V, Hafezi-Nejad N, Haider M, Hamadeh R, Hankey G, Hargono A, Hay S, Heidari G, Herteliu C, Hezam K, Hird T, Holla R, Hosseinzadeh M, Hostiuc M, Hostiuc S, Househ M, Hsiao T, Huang J, Ibeneme C, Ibitoye S, Ilic I, Ilic M, Inbaraj L, Irvani S, Islam J, Islam R, Islam M, Islami F, Iso H, Itumalla R, Jaafari J, Jain V, Jakovljevic M, Jang S, Jayaram S, Jeemon P, Jha R, Jonas J, Jürisson M, Kabir A, Kabir Z, Kalankesh L, Kanchan T, Kandel H, Kapoor N, Karch A, Karimi S, Kebede K, Kelkay B, Kennedy R, Khader Y, Khan E, Khayamzadeh M, Kim G, Kimokoti R, Kivimäki M, Kosen S, Laxminarayana S, Koyanagi A, Krishan K, Kugbey N, Kumar G, Kumar N, Kurmi O, Kusuma D, Lacey B, Landires I, Lasrado S, Lauriola P, Lee D, Lee Y, Leung J, Li S, Lin H, Liu W, Lugo A, Kunjathur S, Majeed A, Maleki A, Malekzadeh R, Malta D, Mamun A, Manjunatha N, Mansouri B, Mansournia M, Martini S, Mathur M, Mathur P, Mazidi M, McKee M, Medina-Solís C, Mehata S, Mendoza W, Menezes R, Miazgowski B, Michalek I, Miller T, Mini G, Mirica A, Mirrakhimov E, Mirzaei H, Misra S, Mohammad Y, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammed S, Mokdad A, Molokhia M, Monasta L, Moni M, Moradzadeh R, Morrison S, Mossie T, Mubarik S, Mullany E, Murray C, Nagaraju S, Naghavi M, Naik N, Nalini, Nangia V, Naqvi A, Swamy S, Naveed M, Nazari J, Nduaguba S, Negoi R, Kandel S, Nguyen H, Nigatu Y, Nixon M, Nnaji C, Noubiap J, Nowak C, Nuñez-Samudio V, Ogbo F, Oguntade A, Oh I, Olagunju A, Owolabi M, Mahesh P, Pakshir K, Pana A, Panagiotakos D, Panda-Jonas S, Pandey A, Parekh U, Park E, Park E, Kan F, Pathak M, Pawar S, Pestell R, Pham H, Pinheiro M, Pokhrel K, Pourshams A, Prashant A, Radfar A, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Rahman M, Rahman M, Rahmani A, Ram P, Rana J, Ranabhat C, Rathi P, Rawaf D, Rawaf S, Rawassizadeh R, Renzaho A, Rezapour A, Riaz M, Roever L, Ronfani L, Roshandel G, Roy A, Roy B, Saddik B, Sahebkar A, Salehi S, Salimzadeh H, Samy A, Sanabria J, Santric-Milicevic M, Jose B, Sathian B, Sawhney M, Saya G, Schwendicke F, Seidu A, Kumar N, Sepanlou S, Shafaat O, Shah S, Shaikh M, Shannawaz M, Sharafi K, Sheikh A, Sheikhbahaei S, Shigematsu M, Shiri R, Shishani K, Shivakumar K, Shivalli S, Shrestha R, Siabani S, Sidemo N, Sigfusdottir I, Sigurvinsdottir R, Silva J, Singh A, Singh J, Singh V, Sinha D, Skryabin V, Skryabina A, Soroush A, Soyiri I, Sreeramareddy C, Stein D, Steiropoulos P, Stortecky S, Straif K, Abdulkader R, Sulo G, Sundström J, Tabuchi T, Tadesse E, Tamiru A, Tareke M, Tareque I, Tarigan I, Thakur B, Thankappan K, Thapar R, Tolani M, Tovani-Palone M, Tran B, Tripathy J, Tsegaye G, Tymeson H, Ullah S, Unim B, Updike R, Uthman O, Vacante M, Vardavas C, Venketasubramanian N, Verma M, Vidale S, Vo B, Vu G, Waheed Y, Wang Y, Welding K, Werdecker A, Whisnant J, Wickramasinghe N, Wubishet B, Yamagishi K, Yano Y, Yazdi-Feyzabadi V, Yeshaw Y, Yimmer M, Yonemoto N, Yousefi Z, Yu C, Yunusa I, Yusefzadeh H, Zaman M, Zamani M, Zamanian M, Zastrozhin M, Zastrozhina A, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Zhong C, Zuniga Y, Gakidou E. Spatial, temporal, and demographic patterns in prevalence of chewing tobacco use in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet Public Health 2021, 6: e482-e499. PMID: 34051920, PMCID: PMC8251505, DOI: 10.1016/s2468-2667(21)00065-7.Peer-Reviewed Original Research