2024
High rates of deferring antiretroviral treatment for patients with HIV and substance use disorders: Results from a national sample of HIV physicians in Ukraine
Ottesen T, Wickersham J, Lawrence J, Antoniak S, Zezuilin O, Polonsky M, Antonyak S, Rozanova J, Dvoriak S, Pykalo I, Filippovych M, Altice F. High rates of deferring antiretroviral treatment for patients with HIV and substance use disorders: Results from a national sample of HIV physicians in Ukraine. PLOS ONE 2024, 19: e0305086. PMID: 39028735, PMCID: PMC11259278, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305086.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAntiretroviral therapy prescriptionAntiretroviral therapyCD4 countSubstance use disordersIncreased levels of stigmaNational sampleLevel of stigmaIndependent of risk groupSuboptimal antiretroviral therapyInitiate antiretroviral therapyPopulation of peopleHIV expertsHIV incidenceHIV physiciansHIV treatmentKey populationsTransgender womenAntiretroviral treatmentFeeling thermometerDrinking alcoholSex workersPhysiciansSex partnersPWHRisk groupsHIV Activist Identity, Commitment, and Orientation Scale (HAICOS): Psychometric Evaluation to Assess Clinician’s Propensity Towards HIV Activism in Malaysia
Chong N, Azwa I, Hassan A, Mousavi M, Wong P, Ng R, Saifi R, Basri S, Omar S, Walters S, Collier Z, Haddad M, Altice F, Kamarulzaman A, Earnshaw V. HIV Activist Identity, Commitment, and Orientation Scale (HAICOS): Psychometric Evaluation to Assess Clinician’s Propensity Towards HIV Activism in Malaysia. AIDS And Behavior 2024, 28: 2780-2792. PMID: 38806844, DOI: 10.1007/s10461-024-04381-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsExploratory factor analysisHIV-related stigmaIntra-class correlation coefficientPrimary care physiciansTest-retest reliabilityCronbach's alpha valuesOrientation ScaleCare physiciansStigma-relatedPsychometric evaluationHIV treatmentHIV activityAlpha valuesPsychometric qualitiesActivist identitiesHIVClinical practiceFactor analysisCliniciansCorrelation coefficientDay-to-dayStructured activitiesCronbachStigmaPhysiciansTesting the Feasibility and Acceptability of Using an Artificial Intelligence Chatbot to Promote HIV Testing and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in Malaysia: Mixed Methods Study.
Cheah M, Gan Y, Altice F, Wickersham J, Shrestha R, Salleh N, Ng K, Azwa I, Balakrishnan V, Kamarulzaman A, Ni Z. Testing the Feasibility and Acceptability of Using an Artificial Intelligence Chatbot to Promote HIV Testing and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in Malaysia: Mixed Methods Study. JMIR Human Factors 2024, 11: e52055. PMID: 38277206, PMCID: PMC10858413, DOI: 10.2196/52055.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUptake of HIV testingHIV testingPre-exposure prophylaxisUnified Theory of AcceptanceFrequency of HIV testingTheory of AcceptanceAI chatbotsPromote HIV testingMental health supportHIV risk assessmentHIV prevention effortsHIV-related informationMixed methods studyPresence of stigmaUse of TechnologyConsequences of HIVEffort expectancySexually transmitted infectionsWeb-based surveyEngaging MSMArtificial intelligenceTranscribed verbatimPrEP uptakeHealth supportMental health
2023
Pre-exposure prophylaxis service among men who have sex with men in Malaysia: findings from a discrete choice experiment
Dubov A, Altice F, Gutierrez J, Wickersham J, Azwa I, Kamarulzaman A, Gautam K, Shrestha R. Pre-exposure prophylaxis service among men who have sex with men in Malaysia: findings from a discrete choice experiment. Scientific Reports 2023, 13: 14200. PMID: 37648731, PMCID: PMC10468492, DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41264-5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjectable PrEPPre-exposure prophylaxis servicesDaily oral PrEPPre-exposure prophylaxisMalaysian MSMPrEP deliveryOral PrEPPrEP uptakeMSMPrEPLatent class analysisDiscrete choice experimentMenDelivery preferencesDelivery programsSexGroupClass analysisType of programPreference groupsOnline surveyProphylaxisInitiation rateHIVDosingGlobal HIV control: is the glass half empty or half full?
Nachega J, Musoke P, Kilmarx P, Gandhi M, Grinsztejn B, Pozniak A, Rawat A, Wilson L, Mills E, Altice F, Mellors J, Quinn T. Global HIV control: is the glass half empty or half full? The Lancet HIV 2023, 10: e617-e622. PMID: 37506723, PMCID: PMC10733629, DOI: 10.1016/s2352-3018(23)00150-9.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchBarriers and Facilitators to Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis by Men Who Have Sex with Men and Community Stakeholders in Malaysia
Rosen A, Wickersham J, Altice F, Khati A, Azwa I, Tee V, Jeri-Wahrhaftig A, Luces J, Ni Z, Kamarulzaman A, Saifi R, Shrestha R. Barriers and Facilitators to Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis by Men Who Have Sex with Men and Community Stakeholders in Malaysia. International Journal Of Environmental Research And Public Health 2023, 20: 5669. PMID: 37174187, PMCID: PMC10177799, DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20095669.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPre-exposure prophylaxisPrEP providersNominal group techniqueMalaysian MSMEvidence-based HIV prevention strategiesPatient-centered decision aidAwareness of PrEPHIV prevention strategiesPotential new strategyPrEP deliveryPrEP carePrEP initiationPrEP servicesPrEP uptakeDecision aidPrevention strategiesUnderstanding of barriersComplex clinical protocolsClinical protocolsMSMQualitative focus groupsCommunity stakeholdersPrEPProphylaxisMenClinic-Integrated Smartphone App (JomPrEP) to Improve Uptake of HIV Testing and Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Malaysia: Mixed Methods Evaluation of Usability and Acceptability
Shrestha R, Altice F, Khati A, Azwa I, Gautam K, Gupta S, Sullivan P, Ni Z, Kamarulzaman A, Phiphatkunarnon P, Wickersham J. Clinic-Integrated Smartphone App (JomPrEP) to Improve Uptake of HIV Testing and Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Malaysia: Mixed Methods Evaluation of Usability and Acceptability. JMIR MHealth And UHealth 2023, 11: e44468. PMID: 36795465, PMCID: PMC9982718, DOI: 10.2196/44468.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV prevention servicesINTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIERPrevention servicesMean ageHIV preventionPre-exposure prophylaxisHIV prevention outcomesHIV self-testing (HIVST) kitsParticipants' mean ageSelf-testing kitsHealth care settingsMobile health platformMalaysian MSMMixed-methods evaluationHIV testingCare settingsLocal clinicSystem Usability ScalePrevention outcomesDays of testingMSMSmartphone appPrEPHIVMean score
2022
Acute kidney injury due to myoglobin cast nephropathy in the setting of coronavirus disease 2019-mediated rhabdomyolysis: a case report
Tuan J, Ogbuagu O, Kumar D, Altice F, Fikrig M. Acute kidney injury due to myoglobin cast nephropathy in the setting of coronavirus disease 2019-mediated rhabdomyolysis: a case report. Journal Of Medical Case Reports 2022, 16: 491. PMID: 36578087, PMCID: PMC9795945, DOI: 10.1186/s13256-022-03721-z.Peer-Reviewed Case Reports and Technical NotesConceptsAcute kidney injuryCoronavirus disease 2019Kidney injuryDisease 2019Cast nephropathyEnd-organ damageRenal biopsy findingsSpectrum of diseaseBaseline 6Gastrointestinal symptomsHospital courseBiopsy findingsCase presentationAPoor appetiteRenal failureRenal functionOral intakeUrine outputInitial diagnosisCaucasian manCase reportRhabdomyolysisNephropathyAbnormal tasteOrgan systemsImpact of prerelease methadone on mortality among people with HIV and opioid use disorder after prison release: results from a randomized and participant choice open-label trial in Malaysia
Bazazi A, Culbert G, Wegman M, Heimer R, Kamarulzaman A, Altice F. Impact of prerelease methadone on mortality among people with HIV and opioid use disorder after prison release: results from a randomized and participant choice open-label trial in Malaysia. BMC Infectious Diseases 2022, 22: 837. PMID: 36368939, PMCID: PMC9652918, DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07804-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOpioid use disorderOpioid agonist therapyInfectious etiologyMost deathsUse disordersSample of menPrison releaseOpen-label trialT-lymphocyte countsPredictors of mortalityNational death recordsCrude mortality rateProportional hazards modelCovariate-adjusted modelsLow CD4Methadone initiationModified intentionAgonist therapySurvival benefitTreat analysisMethodsThis studyHIVHazards modelMortality rateMethadoneExploring Malaysian Physicians' Intention to Discriminate Against Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men Patients
Ni Z, Shrestha R, Earnshaw VA, Tee YC, Altice FL, Azwa I, Kamarulzaman A, Zhou X, Wickersham JA. Exploring Malaysian Physicians' Intention to Discriminate Against Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men Patients. LGBT Health 2022, 10: 169-175. PMID: 36251945, PMCID: PMC9986015, DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2021.0452.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMobile Health Technology Use and the Acceptability of an mHealth Platform for HIV Prevention Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Malaysia: Cross-sectional Respondent-Driven Sampling Survey
Shrestha R, Maviglia F, Altice FL, DiDomizio E, Khati A, Mistler C, Azwa I, Kamarulzaman A, Halim MAA, Wickersham JA. Mobile Health Technology Use and the Acceptability of an mHealth Platform for HIV Prevention Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Malaysia: Cross-sectional Respondent-Driven Sampling Survey. Journal Of Medical Internet Research 2022, 24: e36917. PMID: 35877172, PMCID: PMC9361153, DOI: 10.2196/36917.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV prevention informationHIV preventionDrug usePrevention informationMalaysian menMHealth platformHIV risk-related behaviorsHIV prevention toolHIV prevention servicesSexual activityReceptive anal sexMobile health interventionsHIV prevention effortsUse of mHealthIllicit drug useSexualized drug useCross-sectional surveyAcceptability of mHealthHealth technology useSelf-administered questionnaireRespondent-driven samplingHealth-related informationSuboptimal engagementDearth of evidencePrevention servicesViral Suppression Levels in Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Women With Newly Diagnosed HIV and Alcohol Use Disorder in Peru: Results From a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial Using Oral Naltrexone
Gonzales P, Bachireddy C, Grieco A, Ding R, de Leon S, Ulrich A, Lama J, Duerr AC, Altice FL. Viral Suppression Levels in Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Women With Newly Diagnosed HIV and Alcohol Use Disorder in Peru: Results From a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial Using Oral Naltrexone. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2022, 89: 462-471. PMID: 34897226, PMCID: PMC8881312, DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002889.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMSM/transgender womenAlcohol use disorderOral naltrexoneTransgender womenViral suppressionUse disordersEFV/TDF/FTCTreatment of AUDMaximal viral suppressionSingle treatment regimenPlacebo-controlled trialTDF/FTCAntiretroviral therapy adherenceUse of naltrexoneEvidence-based treatmentsViral suppression levelsMVs levelsSecondary outcomesTherapy adherenceLow adherenceAdherence levelsNaltrexoneAUD treatmentHIVPlaceboPreferences for Long-Acting and Alternative Modalities for PrEP among Military Men Who Have Sex with Men: Segmentation Results of an Adaptive Choice-Based Conjoint Analysis Study
Gutierrez JI, Vlahov D, Dubov A, Altice FL. Preferences for Long-Acting and Alternative Modalities for PrEP among Military Men Who Have Sex with Men: Segmentation Results of an Adaptive Choice-Based Conjoint Analysis Study. Journal Of Urban Health 2022, 99: 277-292. PMID: 35318573, PMCID: PMC9033922, DOI: 10.1007/s11524-022-00615-9.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2021
Treatment of Hepatitis C virus among people who inject drugs at a syringe service program during the COVID-19 response: The potential role of telehealth, medications for opioid use disorder and minimal demands on patients
Sivakumar A, Madden L, DiDomizio E, Eller A, Villanueva M, Altice FL. Treatment of Hepatitis C virus among people who inject drugs at a syringe service program during the COVID-19 response: The potential role of telehealth, medications for opioid use disorder and minimal demands on patients. International Journal Of Drug Policy 2021, 101: 103570. PMID: 34954493, PMCID: PMC8685180, DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103570.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOpioid use disorderHepatitis C virusSyringe services programDifferentiated care modelPerson visitsC virusCare modelUse disordersInitiation of DAAChronic HCV infectionEvidence-based treatmentsCOVID-19Initial phlebotomyVirological responseHCV infectionHCV treatmentAdditional patientsElevated riskPatientsClient-centred approachPWIDHIVPerson contactTreatment demandLaboratory screeningMethadone within prison and linkage to and retention in treatment upon community release for people with opioid use disorder in Kyrgyzstan: Evaluation of a national program
Bachireddy C, Shrestha R, Bromberg DJ, Azbel L, Kurmanalieva A, Wegman M, Shumskaya N, Rozanova J, Meyer JP, Altice FL. Methadone within prison and linkage to and retention in treatment upon community release for people with opioid use disorder in Kyrgyzstan: Evaluation of a national program. International Journal Of Drug Policy 2021, 101: 103558. PMID: 34915426, PMCID: PMC9998103, DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103558.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV statusMean treatment durationOpioid use disorderPositive HIV statusDuration of treatmentMethadone doseHIV incidenceMethadone servicesMethadone treatmentIndependent correlatesHIV preventionUse disordersTreatment durationMethadoneNational programTreatmentHIVAdministrative dataCommunity releaseMonthsKyrgyz prisonsFirst evaluationIncarcerated peopleDurationReleaseIndividual and poly-substance use and condomless sex among HIV-uninfected adults reporting heterosexual sex in a multi-site cohort
Fredericksen RJ, Whitney BM, Trejo E, Nance RM, Fitzsimmons E, Altice FL, Carrico AW, Cleland CM, Del Rio C, Duerr A, El-Sadr WM, Kahana S, Kuo I, Mayer K, Mehta S, Ouellet LJ, Quan VM, Rich J, Seal DW, Springer S, Taxman F, Wechsberg W, Crane HM, Delaney JAC. Individual and poly-substance use and condomless sex among HIV-uninfected adults reporting heterosexual sex in a multi-site cohort. BMC Public Health 2021, 21: 2002. PMID: 34736425, PMCID: PMC8567631, DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12026-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLikelihood of CSRecent substance useHIV-negative partnersVaginal sexAnal sexSubstance useHIV-status unknown partnersMultivariable relative risk regressionExposure classificationType of sexHIV-negative adultsPooled effect estimatesPartner's HIV statusMulti-site cohortHigher likelihoodHeterosexual sexRelative risk regressionSingle substance usePoly-substance useHIV-negativeHIV statusRisk regressionPolysubstance useCannabis useSU exposureHIV care continuum among cisgender and transgender women sex workers in Greater Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Ranjit YS, Gibson BA, Altice FL, Kamarulzaman A, Azwa I, Wickersham JA. HIV care continuum among cisgender and transgender women sex workers in Greater Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. AIDS Care 2021, 35: 784-790. PMID: 34723714, PMCID: PMC9056582, DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2021.1995839.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTransgender women sex workersHIV care continuumAntiretroviral treatmentSex workersCare continuumWomen sex workersTransgender womenImportant key populationProportion of womenRespondent-driven sampling studyEvidence-based strategiesAntiretroviral therapyHIV careHIV prevalenceHIV epidemicHIVKey populationsWomenKuala LumpurCisgender womenCount testUnique needsSmall proportionTherapyPopulationAn expanding HIV epidemic among older adults in Ukraine: Implications for patient-centered care
Rozanova J, Zeziulin O, Rich KM, Altice FL, Kiriazova T, Zaviryukha I, Sosidko T, Gulati K, Carroll C, Shenoi SV. An expanding HIV epidemic among older adults in Ukraine: Implications for patient-centered care. PLOS ONE 2021, 16: e0256627. PMID: 34591848, PMCID: PMC8483339, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256627.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsStandardized mortality ratioMortality rateCause standardized mortality ratioTime of diagnosisGeneral population ratesLate-stage HIVAge-matched groupHigh mortality ratePatient-centered careIncident HIVHIV diagnosisHIV testingHIV incidenceHIV treatmentHIV epidemicMortality ratioTreatment strategiesGeneral populationHIVMortality trendsAge groupsEECA countriesTreatment programSame calendar yearOlder peopleSuccessful transfer of stable patients on opioid agonist therapies from specialty addiction treatment to primary care settings in Ukraine: A pilot study
Meteliuk A, Galvez S, Fomenko T, Kalandiia H, Iaryi V, Farnum SO, Islam Z, Altice FL, Madden LM. Successful transfer of stable patients on opioid agonist therapies from specialty addiction treatment to primary care settings in Ukraine: A pilot study. Journal Of Substance Use And Addiction Treatment 2021, 134: 108619. PMID: 34579978, DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2021.108619.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOpioid agonist therapyPrimary care clinicsPrimary care settingOAT coverageAgonist therapyStable patientsCare clinicsSubstance useCare settingsNegative urine drug testsSpecialty addictions treatmentUrine drug testsSymptom Identification ScaleMental health symptomsAddiction treatment clinicsHIV transmissionPrimary careTreatment clinicsOAT patientsBASIS-24PatientsHealth symptomsEmotional labilityAddiction treatmentPilot studyAssociation Between Administration of IL-6 Antagonists and Mortality Among Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19
Domingo P, Mur I, Mateo G, Gutierrez M, Pomar V, de Benito N, Corbacho N, Herrera S, Millan L, Muñoz J, Malouf J, Molas M, Asensi V, Horcajada J, Estrada V, Gutierrez F, Torres F, Perez-Molina J, Fortun J, Villar L, Hohenthal U, Marttila H, Vuorinen T, Nordberg M, Valtonen M, Frigault M, Mansour M, Patel N, Fernandes A, Harvey L, Foulkes A, Healy B, Shah R, Bensaci A, Woolley A, Nikiforow S, Lin N, Sagar M, Shrager H, Huckins D, Axelrod M, Pincus M, Fleisher J, Lampa J, Nowak P, Vesterbacka J, Rasmuson J, Skorup P, Janols H, Niward K, Chatzidionysiou K, Asgeirsson H, Parke Å, Blennow O, Svensson A, Aleman S, Sönnerborg A, Henter J, Horne A, Al-Beidh F, Angus D, Annane D, Arabi Y, Beane A, Berry S, Bhimani Z, Bonten M, Bradbury C, Brunkhorst F, Buxton M, Cheng A, Cove M, De Jong M, Derde L, Estcourt L, Goossens H, Gordon A, Green C, Haniffa R, Ichihara N, Lamontagne F, Lawler P, Litton E, Marshall J, McArthur C, McAuley D, McGuinness S, McVerry B, Montgommery S, Mouncey P, Murthy S, Nichol A, Parke R, Parker J, Reyes F, Rowan K, Saito H, Santos M, Seymour C, Shankar-Hari M, Turgeon A, Turner A, van Bentum-Puijk W, van de Veerdonk F, Webb S, Zarychanski R, Baillie J, Beasley R, Cooper N, Fowler R, Galea J, Hills T, King A, Morpeth S, Netea M, Ogungbenro K, Pettila V, Tong S, Uyeki T, Youngstein T, Higgins A, Lorenzi E, Berry L, Salama C, Rosas I, Ruiz-Antorán B, Muñez Rubio E, Ramos Martínez A, Campos Esteban J, Avendaño Solá C, Pizov R, Sanz Sanz J, Abad-Santos F, Bautista-Hernández A, García-Fraile L, Barrios A, Gutiérrez Liarte Á, Alonso Pérez T, Rodríguez-García S, Mejía-Abril G, Prieto J, Leon R, VEIGA V, SCHEINBERG P, FARIAS D, PRATS J, CAVALCANTI A, MACHADO F, ROSA R, BERWANGER O, AZEVEDO L, LOPES R, DOURADO L, CASTRO C, ZAMPIERI F, AVEZUM A, LISBOA T, ROJAS S, COELHO J, LEITE R, CARVALHO J, ANDRADE L, SANDES A, PINTÃO M, SANTOS S, ALMEIDA T, COSTA A, GEBARA O, FREITAS F, PACHECO E, MACHADO D, MARTIN J, CONCEIÇÃO F, SIQUEIRA S, DAMIANI L, ISHIHARA L, SCHNEIDER D, DE SOUZA D, Hermine O, Mariette X, Tharaux P, Resche Rigon M, Porcher R, Ravaud P, Azoulay E, Cadranel J, Emmerich J, Fartoukh M, Guidet B, Humbert M, Lacombe K, Mahevas M, Pene F, Pourchet-Martinez V, Schlemmer F, Tibi A, Yazdanpanah Y, Dougados M, Bureau S, Horby P, Landray M, Baillie K, Buch M, Chappell L, Day J, Faust S, Haynes R, Jaki T, Jeffery K, Juszczak E, Lim W, Mafham M, Montgomery A, Mumford A, Thwaites G, Kamarulzaman A, Syed Omar S, Ponnampalavanar S, Raja Azwa R, Wong P, Kukreja A, Ong H, Sulaiman H, Basri S, Ng R, Megat Johari B, Rajasuriar R, Chong M, Neelamegam M, Syed Mansor S, Zulhaimi N, Lee C, Altice F, Price C, Malinis M, Hasan M, Wong C, Chidambaram S, Misnan N, Mohd Thabit A, Sim B, Bidin F, Mohd Abd Rahim M, Saravanamuttu S, Tuang W, Mohamed Gani Y, Thangavelu S, Tay K, Ibrahim N, Halid L, Tan K, Mukri M, Arip M, Koh H, Syed Badaruddin S, Raja Sureja L, Chun G, TORRE-CISNEROS J, MERCHANTE N, LEON R, CARCEL S, GARRIDO J, Galun E, Soriano A, Martínez J, Castán C, Paredes R, Dalmau D, Carbonell C, Espinosa G, Castro P, Muñóz J, Almuedo A, Prieto S, Pacheco I, Ratain M, Pisano J, Strek M, Adegunsoye A, Karrison T, Jozefien D, Karel F.A. V, Elisabeth D, Cedric B, Bastiaan M, Shankar-Hari M, Vale C, Godolphin P, Fisher D, Higgins J, Spiga F, Savovic J, Tierney J, Baron G, Benbenishty J, Berry L, Broman N, Cavalcanti A, Colman R, De Buyser S, Derde L, Domingo P, Omar S, Fernandez-Cruz A, Feuth T, Garcia F, Garcia-Vicuna R, Gonzalez-Alvaro I, Gordon A, Haynes R, Hermine O, Horby P, Horick N, Kumar K, Lambrecht B, Landray M, Leal L, Lederer D, Lorenzi E, Mariette X, Merchante N, Misnan N, Mohan S, Nivens M, Oksi J, Perez-Molina J, Pizov R, Porcher R, Postma S, Rajasuriar R, Ramanan A, Ravaud P, Reid P, Rutgers A, Sancho-Lopez A, Seto T, Sivapalasingam S, Soin A, Staplin N, Stone J, Strohbehn G, Sunden-Cullberg J, Torre-Cisneros J, Tsai L, van Hoogstraten H, van Meerten T, Veiga V, Westerweel P, Murthy S, Diaz J, Marshall J, Sterne J. Association Between Administration of IL-6 Antagonists and Mortality Among Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19. JAMA 2021, 326: 499-518. PMID: 34228774, PMCID: PMC8261689, DOI: 10.1001/jama.2021.11330.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIL-6 antagonistsUsual careCause mortalitySummary odds ratiosOdds ratioEligible trialsMechanical ventilationClinical trialsMortality riskSecondary infectionCOVID-19Primary outcome measureAbsolute mortality riskBias assessment toolRisk of biasStudy selection criteriaCochrane riskSecondary outcomesI2 statisticPlaceboOutcome measuresMAIN OUTCOMEPatientsAdditional trialsPrimary analysis