2024
Association of Race and Ethnicity with Prescriptions for Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems Among a National Sample of Veterans with Diabetes on Insulin Therapy
Lipska K, Oladele C, Zawack K, Gulanski B, Mutalik P, Reaven P, Lynch J, Lee K, Shih M, Lee J, Aslan M. Association of Race and Ethnicity with Prescriptions for Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems Among a National Sample of Veterans with Diabetes on Insulin Therapy. Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics 2024 PMID: 39177775, DOI: 10.1089/dia.2024.0152.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchVeterans with diabetesAssociation of raceCross-sectional analysis of dataU.S. Veterans Health AdministrationNational sample of veteransNational sampleInsulin therapyVeterans Health AdministrationSystem-level factorsSample of veteransNon-Hispanic patientsSelf-reported raceContinuous glucose monitoringCross-sectional analysisContinuous glucose monitoring useRate of prescriptionMultivariate mixed-effects modelAfrican American patientsLatino patientsHealth AdministrationAlaska NativesType 2 diabetesPercentage of patientsSignificant disparitiesMixed-effects models
2023
Higher burden of cardiometabolic and socioeconomic risk factors in women with type 2 diabetes: an analysis of the Glycemic Reduction Approaches in Diabetes (GRADE) baseline cohort
Gulanski B, Butera N, Krause-Steinrauf H, Lichtman J, Harindhanavudhi T, Green J, Suratt C, AbouAssi H, Desouza C, Ahmann A, Wexler D, Aroda V, Crandall J, McKee, Behringer-Massera S, Brown-Friday J, Xhori E, Ballentine-Cargill K, Duran S, Estrella H, de la torre S, Lukin J, Phillips L, Burgess E, Olson D, Rhee M, Wilson P, Raines T, Boers J, Costello J, Maher-Albertelli M, Mungara R, Savoye L, White C, Gullett C, Holloway L, Morehead F, Person S, Sibymon M, Tanukonda S, Adams C, Ross A, Balasubramanyam A, Gaba R, Hattery E, Ideozu A, Jimenez J, Montes G, Wright C, Hollander P, Roe E, Jackson A, Smiley A, Burt P, Estrada L, Chionh K, Ismail-Beigi F, Falck-Ytter C, Kassem L, Sood A, Tiktin M, Kulow T, Newman C, Stancil K, Cramer B, Iacoboni J, Kononets M, Sanders C, Tucker L, Werner A, Maxwell A, McPhee G, Patel C, Colosimo L, Krol A, Goland R, Pring J, Alfano L, Kringas P, Hausheer C, Tejada J, Gumpel K, Kirpitch A, Schneier H, Green J, AbouAssi H, Chatterjee R, Feinglos M, Jones J, Khan J, Zimmer R, Furst M, Satterwhite B, Thacker C, Kreider K, Mariash C, Mather K, Ismail H, Lteif A, Mullen M, Hamilton T, Patel N, Riera G, Jackson M, Pirics V, Aguillar D, Howard D, Hurt S, Bergenstal R, Carlson A, Martens T, Johnson M, Hill R, Hyatt J, Jensen C, Madden M, Martin D, Willis H, Konerza W, Yang S, Kleeberger K, Passi R, Fortmann S, Herson M, Mularski K, Glauber H, Prihoda J, Ash B, Carlson C, Ramey P, Schield E, Torgrimson-Ojerio B, Arnold K, Kauffman B, Panos E, Sahnow S, Bays K, Berame K, Cook J, Ghioni D, Gluth J, Schell K, Criscola J, Friason C, Jones S, Nazarov S, Barzilay J, Rassouli N, Puttnam R, Ojoawo B, Nelson R, Curtis M, Hollis B, Sanders-Jones C, Stokes K, El-Haqq Z, Kolli A, Tran T, Wexler D, Larkin M, Meigs J, Chambers B, Dushkin A, Rocchio G, Yepes M, Steiner B, Dulin H, Cayford M, Chu K, DeManbey A, Hillard M, Martin K, Thangthaeng N, Gurry L, Kochis R, Raymond E, Ripley V, Stevens C, Park J, Aroda V, Ghazi A, Magee M, Ressing A, Loveland A, Hamm M, Hurtado M, Kuhn A, Leger J, Manandhar L, Mwicigi F, Sanchez O, Young T, Garg R, Lagari-Libhaber V, Florez H, Valencia, Marks J, Casula S, Oropesa-Gonzalez L, Hue L, Cuadot A, Nieto-Martinez R, Veliz A, Gutt M, Kendal Y, Veciana B, Ahmann A, Aby-Daniel D, Joarder F, Morimoto V, Sprague C, Yamashita D, Cady N, Rivera-Eschright N, Kirchhoff P, Gomez B, Adducci J, Goncharova A, Hox S, Petrovitch H, Matwichyna M, Jenkins V, Broadwater L, Ishii R, Bermudez N, Hsia D, Cefalu W, Greenway F, Waguespack C, King E, Fry G, Dragg A, Gildersleeve B, Arceneaux J, Haynes N, Thomassie A, Pavlionis M, Bourgeois B, Hazlett C, Mudaliar S, Henry R, Boeder S, Pettus J, Diaz E, Garcia-Acosta D, Maggs S, DeLue C, Stallings A, Castro E, Hernandez S, Krakoff J, Curtis J, Killean T, Khalid M, Joshevama E, Diaz E, Martin D, Tsingine K, Karshner T, Albu J, Pi-Sunyer F, Frances S, Maggio C, Ellis E, Bastawrose J, Gong X, Banerji M, August P, Lee M, Lorber D, Brown N, Josephson D, Thomas L, Tsovian M, Cherian A, Jacobson M, Mishko M, Kirkman, Buse J, Dostou J, Machineni S, Young L, Bergamo K, Goley A, Kerr J, Largay J, Guarda S, Cuffee J, Culmer D, Fraser R, Almeida H, Coffer S, Debnam E, Kiker L, Morton S, Josey K, Fuller G, Garvey W, Cherrington A, Dyer D, Lawson M, Griffith O, Agne A, McCullars S, Cohen R, Craig J, Rogge M, Burton K, Kersey K, Wilson C, Lipp S, Meulen M, Adkins C, Onadeko T, Rasouli N, Baker C, Schroeder E, Razzaghi M, Lyon C, Penaloza R, Underkofler C, Lorch R, Douglass S, Steiner S, Sivitz W, Cline E, Knosp L, McConnell J, Lowe T, Herman W, Pop-Busui R, Tan M, Martin C, Waltje A, Katona A, Goodhall L, Eggleston R, Kuo S, Bojescu S, Bule S, Kessler N, LaSalle E, Whitley K, Seaquist E, Bantle A, Harindhanavudhi T, Kumar A, Redmon B, Bantle J, Coe M, Mech M, Taddese A, Lesne L, Smith S, Desouza C, Kuechenmeister L, Shivaswamy V, Burbach S, Rodriguez, Seipel K, Alfred A, Morales A, Eggert J, Lord G, Taylor W, Tillson R, Schade D, Adolphe A, Burge M, Duran-Valdez E, Martinez J, Bancroft A, Kunkel S, Ahmad F, McGinnis D, Pucchetti B, Scripsick E, Zamorano A, DeFronzo R, Cersosimo E, Abdul-Ghani M, Triplitt C, Juarez D, Garza R, Verastiqui H, Wright K, Puckett C, Raskin P, Rhee C, Abraham S, Jordan L, Sao S, Morton L, Smith O, Walker L, Schnurr-Breen L, Ayala R, Kreymer R, Sturgess D, Utzschneider K, Kahn, Wright L, Boyko E, Tsai E, Trence D, Trikudanathan S, Fattaleh B, Montgomery B, Atkinson K, Kozedub A, Concepcion T, Moak C, Prikhodko N, Rhothisen S, Elasy T, Martin S, Shackelford L, Goidel R, Hinkle N, Lovell C, Myers J, Hogan J, McGill J, Salam M, Schweiger T, Kissel S, Recklein C, Clifton M, Tamborlane W, Camp A, Gulanski B, Inzucchi, Pham K, Alguard M, Gatcomb P, Lessard K, Perez M, Iannone L, Montosa A, Magenheimer E, Cefalu W, Fradkin J, Burch H, Bremer A, Nathan D, Lachin J, Krause-Steinrauf H, Younes N, Bebu I, Butera N, Buys C, Fagan A, Gao Y, Ghosh A, Gramzinski, Hall S, Kazemi E, Legowski E, Liu H, Suratt C, Tripputi M, Arey A, Backman M, Bethepu J, Lund C, Dhaliwal P, McGee P, Mesimer E, Ngo L, Steffes M, Seegmiller J, Saenger A, Arends V, Gabrielson D, Conner T, Warren S, Day J, Huminik J, Scrymgeour A, Soliman E, Pokharel Y, Zhang Z, Campbell C, Hu J, Keasler L, Hensley S, Li Y, Mihalcea R, Min D, Perez-Rosas V, Prosser L, Resnicow K, Ye W, Shao H, Zhang P, Luchsinger J, Sanchez D, Assuras S, Groessl E, Sakha F, Chong H, Hillery N, Everett B, Abdouch I, Bahtiyar G, Brantley P, Broyles F, Canaris G, Copeland P, Craine J, Fein W, Gliwa A, Hope L, Lee, Meiners R, Meiners V, O’Neal H, Park J, Sacerdote A, Sledge E, Soni L, Steppel-Reznik J, Turchin A, Brooks-Worrell B, Hampe C, Palmer J, Shojaie A, Higgins J, Fischer L, Golden S, Gonzalez J, Naik A, Walker E, Lotenberg L, Gallivan J, Lim J, Tuncer D. Higher burden of cardiometabolic and socioeconomic risk factors in women with type 2 diabetes: an analysis of the Glycemic Reduction Approaches in Diabetes (GRADE) baseline cohort. BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care 2023, 11: e003159. PMID: 37094945, PMCID: PMC10151943, DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2022-003159.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBody mass indexRisk factorsSocioeconomic risk factorsCardiovascular diseaseGreater prevalenceContemporary cohortHigher mean body mass indexMean body mass indexType 2 diabetes mellitusBurden of CVDYoung womenBlood pressure targetsGlycemia Reduction ApproachesAngiotensin receptor blockersCardiometabolic risk factorsLow HDL cholesterolPowerful risk factorComparative effectiveness studiesGreater relative riskCross-sectional analysisMetformin monotherapyTarget LDLReceptor blockersPressure targetsSevere obesity
2021
Association of Glycemia, Lipids, and Blood Pressure With Cognitive Performance in People With Type 2 Diabetes in the Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness Study (GRADE).
Luchsinger J, Younes N, Manly J, Barzilay J, Valencia W, Larkin M, Falck-Ytter C, Krause-Steinrauf H, Pop-Busui R, Florez H, Seaquist E, Crandall J, McKee M, Brown-Friday J, Xhori E, Ballentine-Cargill K, Duran S, Lukin J, Beringher S, Gonzalez de la torre S, Phillips L, Burgess E, Olson D, Rhee M, Wilson P, Raines T, Costello J, Gullett C, Maher-Albertelli M, Morehead F, Mungara R, Person S, Savoye L, Sibymon M, Tanukonda S, White C, Holloway L, Adams C, Ross A, Balasubramanyam A, Gonzalez E, Wright C, Hollander P, Roe E, Uy A, Burt P, Estrada L, Chionh K, Ismail-Beigi F, Falck-Ytter C, Sayyed Kassem L, Sood A, Tiktin M, Cramer B, Iacoboni J, Kononets M, Kulow T, Newman C, Stancil K, Sanders C, Tucker L, Werner A, Krol A, McPhee G, Patel C, Colosimo L, Goland R, Pring J, Kringas P, Tejada J, Hausheer C, Schneier H, Gumpel K, Kirpitch A, Green J, AbouAssi H, Chatterjee R, Feinglos M, English Jones J, Khan S, Kimpel J, Zimmer R, Furst M, Satterwhite B, Thacker C, Evans Kreider K, Mather K, Lteif A, Hamilton T, Patel N, Riera G, Jackson M, Pirics V, Howard D, Aguillar D, Hurt S, Bergenstal R, Carlson A, Martens T, Johnson M, Hill R, Hyatt J, Jensen C, Madden M, Martin D, Willis H, Konerza W, Passi R, Kleeberger K, Fortmann S, Herson M, Mularski K, Glauber H, Prihoda J, Ash B, Carlson C, Ramey P, Schield E, Torgrimson-Ojerio B, Arnold K, Kauffman B, Panos E, Sahnow S, Bays K, Cook J, Gluth J, Sasaki D, Schell K, Criscola J, Friason C, Jones S, Nazarov S, Barzilay J, Rassouli N, Puttnam R, Curtis M, Stokes K, Hollis B, Sanders-Jones C, Nelson R, El-Haqq Z, Kolli A, Tran T, Wexler D, Larkin M, Meigs J, Dushkin A, Rocchio G, Chambers B, Yepes M, Steiner B, Dulin H, Cayford M, DeManbey A, Gurry L, Hillard M, Martin K, Stevens C, Thangthaeng N, Kochis R, Raymond E, Ripley V, Park J, Aroda V, Ghazi A, Loveland A, Hurtado M, Kuhn A, Mofor F, Florez H, Valencia W, Marks J, Oropesa-Gonzalez L, Riccio Veliz A, Nieto-Martinez R, Gutt M, Ahmann A, Aby-Daniel D, Joarder F, Morimoto V, Sprague C, Yamashita D, Cady N, Kirchhoff P, Rivera- Eschright N, Adducci J, Morales Gomez B, Goncharova A, Hox S, Petrovitch H, Matwichyna M, Jenkins V, Bermudez N, Ishii R, Hsia D, Cefalu W, Greenway F, Waguespack C, King E, Haynes N, Thomassie A, Bourgeois B, Hazlett C, Henry R, Mudaliar S, Boeder S, Pettus J, Diaz E, DeLue C, Castro E, Hernandez S, Krakoff J, Curtis J, Killean T, Joshevama E, Diaz E, Martin D, Karshner T, Albu J, Pi-Sunyer F, Frances S, Maggio C, Ellis E, Bastawrose J, Gong X, Banerji M, August P, Lorber D, Brown N, Josephson D, Thomas L, Tsovian M, Cherian A, Jacobson M, Mishko M, Kirkman M, Bergamo K, Buse J, Dostou J, Young L, Goley A, Kerr J, Largay J, Guarda S, Cuffee J, Culmer D, Fraser R, Almeida H, Coffer S, Debnam E, Kiker L, Morton S, Josey K, Fuller G, Garvey W, Cherrington A, Golson D, Griffith O, Robertson M, Agne A, McCullars S, Cohen R, Craig J, Kersey K, Rogge M, Wilson C, Burton K, Lipp S, Vonder Meulen M, Rasouli N, Schroeder E, Steiner S, Baker C, Underkofler C, Douglass S, Sivitz W, Cline E, Knosp L, McConnell J, Lowe T, Herman W, Pop-Busui R, Tan M, Martin C, Waltje A, Goodhall L, Eggleston R, Kuo S, Bule S, Kessler N, LaSalle E, Seaquist E, Bantle A, Kumar A, Redmon B, Bantle J, Harindhanavudhi T, Coe M, Mech M, Taddese A, Lesne L, Smith S, Desouza C, Kuechenmeister L, Shivaswamy V, Morales A, Rodriguez M, Seipel K, Alfred A, Eggert J, Lord G, Taylor W, Tillson R, Schade D, Adolphe A, Burge M, Duran-Valdez E, Martinez J, Hernandez McGinnis D, Pucchetti B, Scripsick E, DeFronzo R, Cersosimo E, Abdul-Ghani M, Triplitt C, Verastiqui H, Garza R, Wright K, Puckett C, Raskin P, Rhee C, Abraham S, Jordan L, Sao S, Morton L, Smith O, Osornio Walker L, Schnurr-Breen L, Ayala R, Kraymer R, Sturgess D, Utzschneider K, Kahn S, Alarcon-Casas Wright L, Boyko E, Tsai E, Trence D, Fattaleh B, Montgomery B, Atkinson K, Concepcion T, Kozedub A, Moak C, Rhothisen S, Elasy T, Martin S, Shackelford L, Goidel R, Hinkle N, Lipps Hogan J, Lovell C, Myers J, McGill J, Salam M, Kissel S, Schweiger T, Recklein Carol Tamborlane W, Gatcomb P, Camp A, Gulanski B, Inzucchi S, Pham K, Alguard M, Lessard K, Perez M, Magenheimer E, Montoza A, Nathan D, Lachin J, Buse J, Kahn S, Krause-Steinrauf H, Larkin M, Tiktin M, Wexler D, Burch H, Linder B, Bremer A, Younes N, Backman M, Bebu I, Buys C, Fagan Murphy A, Gao Y, Gramzinski M, Hall S, Legowski E, Arey A, Bethepu J, Lund C, Mangat Dhaliwal P, McGee P, Mesimer E, Ngo L, Steffes M, Seegmiller J, Saenger A, Arends V, Gabrielson D, Conner T, Warren S, Day J, Scrymgeour A, Soliman E, Zhang Z, Campbell C, Hu J, Keasler L, Hensley S, Li Y, Herman W, Martin C, Waltje A, Kuo S, Mihalcea R, Perez-Rosas V, Prosser L, Resnicow K, Ye W, Shao H, Zhang P, Luchsinger J, Sanchez D, Burch H, Bremer A, Linder B, Fradkin J, Groessl E, Chong H, Hillery N, Abdouch I, Brantley P, Broyles F, Canaris G, Copeland P, Craine J, Fein W, Lee M, Meiners R, Meiners V, O’Neal H, Park J, Sledge E, Steppel-Resnick J, Turchin A, Brooks-Worrell B, Hampe C, Newgard C, Palmer J, Shojaie A, Higgins J, Fischer L, Golden S, Gonzalez J, Naik A, Walker E, Doner Lotenberg L, Gallivan J, Lim J, Tuncer D, Behringer-Massera S. Association of Glycemia, Lipids, and Blood Pressure With Cognitive Performance in People With Type 2 Diabetes in the Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness Study (GRADE). Diabetes Care 2021, 44: 2286-2292. PMID: 34285097, PMCID: PMC8740937, DOI: 10.2337/dc20-2858.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsType 2 diabetesGlycemia Reduction ApproachesDigit Symbol Substitution TestBlood pressureStatin useComparative effectiveness studiesHypertension historyAssociation of glycemiaSystolic BPDiastolic BPEffectiveness studiesRelation of glycemiaMean diabetes durationDiastolic blood pressureSystolic blood pressureAnimal Fluency TestCross-sectional analysisSpanish English Verbal Learning TestDiabetes durationExecutive cognitive functionHigh LDLSBP levelsVerbal Learning TestLower LDLMean age
2020
Association of Baseline Characteristics With Insulin Sensitivity and β-Cell Function in the Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness (GRADE) Study Cohort.
Rasouli N, Younes N, Utzschneider KM, Inzucchi SE, Balasubramanyam A, Cherrington AL, Ismail-Beigi F, Cohen RM, Olson DE, DeFronzo RA, Herman WH, Lachin JM, Kahn SE, Crandall J, McKee M, Brown-Friday J, Xhori E, Ballentine-Cargill K, Duran S, Lukin J, Beringher S, de la torre S, Phillips L, Burgess E, Olson D, Rhee M, Wilson P, Raines T, Costello J, Gullett C, Maher-Albertelli M, Morehead F, Mungara R, Person S, Savoye L, Sibymon M, Tanukonda S, Ann White C, Holloway L, Adams C, Ross A, Balasubramanyam A, Gonzalez E, Wright C, Hollander P, Roe E, Uy A, Burt P, Estrada L, Chionh K, Ismail-Beigi F, Falck-Ytter C, Kassem L, Sood A, Tiktin M, Cramer B, Iacoboni J, Kononets M, Kulow T, Newman C, Stancil K, Sanders C, Tucker L, Werner A, Krol A, McPhee G, Patel C, Colosimo L, Goland R, Pring J, Kringas P, Tejada J, Hausheer C, Schneier H, Gumpel K, Kirpitch A, Green J, AbouAssi H, Chatterjee R, Feinglos M, Jones J, Khan S, Kimpel J, Zimmer R, Furst M, Satterwhite B, Thacker C, Kreider K, Mather K, Lteif A, Hamilton T, Patel N, Riera G, Jackson M, Pirics V, Howard D, Aguillar D, Hurt S, Bergenstal R, Carlson A, Martens T, Johnson M, Hill R, Hyatt J, Jensen C, Madden M, Martin D, Willis H, Konerza W, Passi R, Kleeberger K, Fortmann S, Herson M, Mularski K, Glauber H, Prihoda J, Ash B, Carlson C, Ramey P, Schield E, Torgrimson-Ojerio B, Arnold K, Kauffman B, Panos E, Sahnow S, Bays K, Cook J, Gluth J, Sasaki D, Schell K, Criscola J, Friason C, Jones S, Nazarov S, Barzilay J, Rassouli N, Puttnam R, Curtis M, Stokes K, Hollis B, Sanders-Jones C, Nelson R, El-Haqq Z, Kolli A, Tran T, Wexler D, Larkin M, Meigs J, Dushkin A, Rocchio G, Chambers B, Yepes M, Steiner B, Dulin H, Cayford M, DeManbey A, Gurry L, Hillard M, Martin K, Stevens C, Thangthaeng N, Kochis R, Raymond E, Ripley V, Park J, Aroda V, Ghazi A, Loveland A, Hurtado M, Kuhn A, Mofor F, Florez H, Valencia W, Marks J, Oropesa-Gonzalez L, Riccio Veliz A, Nieto-Martinez R, Gutt M, Ahmann A, Aby-Daniel D, Joarder F, Morimoto V, Sprague C, Yamashita D, Cady N, Kirchhoff P, Rivera-Eschright N, Adducci J, Gomez B, Goncharova A, Hox S, Petrovitch H, Matwichyna M, Jenkins V, Bermudez N, Ishii R, Hsia D, Cefalu W, Greenway F, Waguespack C, King E, Haynes N, Thomassie A, Bourgeois B, Hazlett C, Henry R, Mudaliar S, Boeder S, Pettus J, Diaz E, DeLue C, Castro E, Hernandez S, Krakoff J, Curtis J, Killean T, Joshevama E, Diaz E, Martin D, Karshner T, Albu J, Pi-Sunyer F, Frances S, Maggio C, Ellis E, Bastawrose J, Gong X, Banerji M, August P, Lorber D, Brown N, Josephson D, Thomas L, Tsovian M, Cherian A, Jacobson M, Mishko M, Kirkman M, Bergamo K, Buse J, Dostou J, Young L, Goley A, Kerr J, Largay J, Guarda S, Cuffee J, Culmer D, Fraser R, Almeida H, Coffer S, Debnam E, Kiker L, Morton S, Garvey K, Fuller G, Garvey W, Cherrington A, Golson D, Griffith O, Catherine M, Agne A, McCullars S, Cohen R, Craig J, Kersey K, Rogge M, Wilson C, Burton K, Lipp S, Mary Beth V, Rasouli N, Schroeder E, Steiner S, Baker C, Underkofler C, Douglass S, Sivitz W, Cline E, Knosp L, McConnell J, Lowe T, Herman W, Pop-Busui R, Tan M, Martin C, Waltje A, Goodhall L, Eggleston R, Kuo S, Bule S, Kessler N, LaSalle E, Seaquist E, Bantle A, Kumar A, Redmon B, Bantle J, Harindhanavudhi T, Coe M, Mech M, Taddese A, Lesne L, Smitha S, Desouz C, Kuechenmeister L, Shivaswamy V, Morales A, Rodriguez M, Seipel K, Alfred A, Eggert J, Lord G, Taylor W, Tillson R, Schade D, Adolphe A, Burge M, Duran-Valdez E, Martinez J, Hernandez McGinnis D, Pucchetti B, Scripsick E, DeFronzo R, Cersosimo E, Abdul-Ghani M, Triplitt C, Verastiqui H, Garza R, Wright K, Puckett C, Raskin P, Rhee C, Abraham S, Jordan L, Sao S, Morton L, Smith O, Osornio Walker L, Schnurr-Breen L, Ayala R, Kraymer R, Sturgess D, Utzschneider K, Kahn S, Alarcon-Casas Wright L, Boyko E, Tsai E, Trence D, Fattaleh B, Montgomery B, Atkinson K, Concepcion T, Kozedub A, Moak C, Rhothisen S, Elasy T, Martin S, Shackelford L, Goidel R, Hinkle N, Lipps Hogan J, Lovell C, Myers J, McGill J, Salam M, Kissel S, Schweiger T, Recklein C, Tamborlane W, Gatcomb P, Camp A, Gulanski B, Inzucchi S, Pham K, Alguard M, Lessard K, Perez M, Magenheimer E, Montoza A, Nathan D, Nathan D, Lachin J, Buse J, Kahn S, Krause-Steinrauf H, Larkin M, Tiktin M, Wexler D, Burch H, Linder B, Bremer A, Lachin J, Krause-Steinrauf H, Younes N, Backman M, Bebu I, Buys C, Fagan Murphy A, Gao Y, Gramzinski M, Hall S, Legowski E, Arey A, Bethepu J, Lund C, Mangat Dhaliwal P, McGee P, Mesimer E, Ngo L, Steffes M, Seegmiller J, Saenger A, Arends V, Gabrielson D, Conner T, Warren S, Day J, Scrymgeour A, Soliman E, Zhang Z, Campbell C, Hu J, Keasler L, Hensley S, Li Y, Herman W, Martin C, Waltje A, Kuo S, Mihalcea R, Perez-Rosas V, Prosser L, Resnicow K, Ye W, Shao H, Zhang P, Luchsinger J, Sanchez D, Burch H, Bremer A, Linder B, Fradkin J, Groessl E, Chong H, Hillery N, Abdouch I, Brantley P, Broyles F, Canaris G, Copeland P, Craine J, Fein W, Lee M, Meiners R, Meiners V, O’Neal H, Park J, Sledge E, Steppel-Resnick J, Turchin A, Brooks-Worrell B, Hampe C, Newgard C, Palmer J, Shojaie A, Higgins J, Fischer L, Golden S, Gonzalez J, Naik A, Walker E, Doner Lotenberg L, Gallivan J, Lim J, Tuncer D, Behringer-Massera S. Association of Baseline Characteristics With Insulin Sensitivity and β-Cell Function in the Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness (GRADE) Study Cohort. Diabetes Care 2020, 44: 340-349. PMID: 33334808, PMCID: PMC7818323, DOI: 10.2337/dc20-1787.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsΒ-cell functionTG/HDLBlack/African AmericanAmerican Indians/Alaska NativesDisposition indexInsulin sensitivityHigher HbAOral glucose tolerance testAfrican AmericansGlycemia Reduction ApproachesHigher disposition indexHDL cholesterol ratioAlaska NativesGlucose tolerance testOral disposition indexC-peptide indexSimilar insulin sensitivityType 2 diabetesYears of ageCross-sectional analysisBMI 34.2Metformin monotherapyBaseline characteristicsInsulinogenic indexLower HbA