2024
Early-Life Circumstances and Racial Disparities in Cognition Among Older Adults in the US
Lin Z, Ye J, Allore H, Gill T, Chen X. Early-Life Circumstances and Racial Disparities in Cognition Among Older Adults in the US. JAMA Internal Medicine 2024, 184: 904-914. PMID: 38805197, PMCID: PMC11134283, DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.1132.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchEarly-life circumstancesLate-life cognitionRacial disparitiesCross-sectional studyBlack participantsWhite participantsCognitive scoresCognitive impairmentRacial differencesTelephone Interview for Cognitive StatusHealth and Retirement StudyAssociated with racial disparitiesPromote health equityPrevalence of cognitive impairmentIntervention of cognitive impairmentNon-Hispanic blacksSurvey of US adultsNon-Hispanic whitesReduce racial disparitiesPrimary explanatory variableSubstantial racial differencesHealth equityRetirement StudyOlder AdultsUS adultsPlace of Birth and Cognitive Function Among Older Americans: Findings From the Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol
Lin Z, Chen X. Place of Birth and Cognitive Function Among Older Americans: Findings From the Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol. The Journals Of Gerontology Series B 2024, 79: gbae126. PMID: 39037282, PMCID: PMC11322604, DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbae126.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchHealth and Retirement StudyLife courseGeographic disparitiesHarmonized Cognitive Assessment ProtocolCognitive functionPlace-based policiesPromote health equityLater-life cognitive functionForeign-born individualsLater-life outcomesUS southern statesState of birthCognitive Assessment ProtocolNationally representative sampleLater-life cognitionHealth equityShapley decompositionOlder AmericansRetirement StudyGeneral cognitive functionHealth factorsAssessed cognitive domainsBirth dataRepresentative sampleSouthern statesTemporal trends in population attributable fractions of modifiable risk factors for dementia: a time-series study of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (2004–2019)
Chen S, Underwood B, Cardinal R, Chen X, Chen S, Amin J, Jin H, Huang J, Mueller C, Yan L, Brayne C, Kuper H. Temporal trends in population attributable fractions of modifiable risk factors for dementia: a time-series study of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (2004–2019). BMC Medicine 2024, 22: 268. PMID: 38926751, PMCID: PMC11210022, DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03464-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPopulation attributable fractionModifiable risk factorsEnglish Longitudinal Study of AgeingOverall PAFLongitudinal Study of AgingEnglish Longitudinal StudyPhysical inactivitySocioeconomic statusStudy of AgingLower educationDementia riskSocial isolationAttributable fractionHearing lossRisk factorsTargeted public health strategiesTraumatic brain injuryProportion of dementiaDeterminants of dementiaSocioeconomic status categoriesEffective public health policiesDevelopment of evidence-basedPublic health strategiesPublic health policiesTime-series studyTemporal trends and disparities of population attributable fractions of modifiable risk factors for dementia in China: a time-series study of the China health and retirement longitudinal study (2011–2018)
Chen S, Chen X, Hou X, Fang H, Liu G, Yan L. Temporal trends and disparities of population attributable fractions of modifiable risk factors for dementia in China: a time-series study of the China health and retirement longitudinal study (2011–2018). The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific 2024, 47: 101106. PMID: 38872868, PMCID: PMC11170192, DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2024.101106.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPopulation-attributable fractionModifiable risk factorsSocio-economic statusLower educationHearing lossChina HealthTraumatic brain injuryRisk factorsCalculate population-attributable fractionsTargeted public health strategiesRetirement Longitudinal StudySES disparitiesSocio-economic status groupsPopulation attributable fractionNew-onset dementiaEarly-life factorsPublic health strategiesSignificant public health challengePublic health challengeSex-specific analysesLower-income individualsTemporal trendsDementia riskPhysical inactivityAttributable fractionInvestigating gene functions and single-cell expression profiles of de novo variants in orofacial clefts
Itai T, Yan F, Liu A, Dai Y, Iwaya C, Curtis S, Leslie E, Simon L, Jia P, Chen X, Iwata J, Zhao Z. Investigating gene functions and single-cell expression profiles of de novo variants in orofacial clefts. Human Genetics And Genomics Advances 2024, 5: 100313. PMID: 38807368, PMCID: PMC11318074, DOI: 10.1016/j.xhgg.2024.100313.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchDe novo variantsCPO geneOMIM genesGene functionScRNA-seq data analysisOrofacial cleftsMan (OMIMScRNA-seq analysisOnline Mendelian InheritanceSingle-cell RNA sequencingSingle-cell expression profilesInvestigate gene functionCleft palateScRNA-seqGene setsCellular expression profilesMendelian inheritanceGenetic variantsRNA sequencingOrofacial clefting genesContextual geneGenesExpression patternsCongenital birth defectsExpression profilesAssociation of Family Support With Lower Modifiable Risk Factors for Dementia Among Cognitively Impaired Older Adults
Lin Z, Yin X, Levy B, Yuan Y, Chen X. Association of Family Support With Lower Modifiable Risk Factors for Dementia Among Cognitively Impaired Older Adults. American Journal Of Geriatric Psychiatry 2024, 32: 1187-1199. PMID: 38839462, PMCID: PMC11366488, DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2024.05.005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchModifiable risk factorsCognitively impaired older adultsOlder adultsFamily supportResidential proximitySpousal presenceRisk factorsDepressive symptomsCognitive impairmentModifiable dementia risk factorsHealth and Retirement StudyProportion of older adultsDementia risk factorsSocial isolationDegree of family supportPercentage of smokingMixed-effects logistic regressionRobust to various sensitivity analysesCo-resident childrenRetirement StudySocial supportNo spouseLogistic regressionSpousesProtective factorsConfronting health disparities: Lessons from the USA
Zhang L, Sun Z, Jia X, Zhao C, Yu J, Lyu X, Lau J, Li N, Qian D, Wang Z, Chen X, Liu Z. Confronting health disparities: Lessons from the USA. Aging Medicine 2024, 7: 158-161. PMID: 38725693, PMCID: PMC11077332, DOI: 10.1002/agm2.12303.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchUnveiling Gene Interactions in Alzheimer’s Disease by Integrating Genetic and Epigenetic Data with a Network-Based Approach
Sanders K, Manuel A, Liu A, Leng B, Chen X, Zhao Z. Unveiling Gene Interactions in Alzheimer’s Disease by Integrating Genetic and Epigenetic Data with a Network-Based Approach. Epigenomes 2024, 8: 14. PMID: 38651367, PMCID: PMC11036294, DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes8020014.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchEnrichment analysisGenome-wide association studiesAlzheimer's diseaseDense module searchDNA methylation dataGene network modulesFunctional enrichment analysisGWAS signalsGWAS datasetsTarget enrichmentAssociation studiesGenetic dataEpigenetic signalsNetwork-based toolCause of dementiaGene interactionsAD pathogenesisMethylation dataDNA methylationBIN1 geneAD pathologyComplex diseasesGenesSignificant cell typeDrug repurposing effortsAssociation between experiencing low healthcare quality and developing dementia
Aravena J, Chen X, Levy B. Association between experiencing low healthcare quality and developing dementia. Journal Of The American Geriatrics Society 2024, 72: 2126-2132. PMID: 38415796, PMCID: PMC11226361, DOI: 10.1111/jgs.18842.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAssociated with increased dementia riskHealthcare qualityDementia riskHealthcare discriminationAssociated with greater dementia riskHazard ratioHealth and Retirement StudyDeterminants of dementiaCases of dementiaDementia prevalenceReducing dementiaPhysician diagnosisRetirement StudyHealthcare servicesOlder personsOlder adultsSocioeconomic factorsDementiaHealthcareImplement structural changesCognitive scoresCox regressionParticipantsHealthIndividual-level behaviorOccupational differences in the effects of retirement on hospitalizations for mental illness among female workers: Evidence from administrative data in China
Wang T, Sun R, Sindelar J, Chen X. Occupational differences in the effects of retirement on hospitalizations for mental illness among female workers: Evidence from administrative data in China. Economics & Human Biology 2024, 53: 101367. PMID: 38340649, PMCID: PMC11060846, DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101367.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchStatutory retirement ageRegression discontinuity designEffect of retirementFemale workersOccupational differencesFuzzy regression discontinuity designHealth care utilizationMental illnessRegression discontinuity design estimatorCare utilizationWhite-collarLife courseRetirement decisionsCategories of schizophreniaRetirement ageDiscontinuity designBlue-collarWorsening mental healthPolicy schemesUrban employeesAdministrative dataRetirementInpatient claims dataDelusional disorderPent-up demandTemperature and Low-Stakes Cognitive Performance
Zhang X, Chen X, Zhang X. Temperature and Low-Stakes Cognitive Performance. Journal Of The Association Of Environmental And Resource Economists 2024, 11: 75-96. DOI: 10.1086/726007.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchA Systematic Analysis of Early Life Exposure to the Chinese Famine (1959–1961) and the Health of Older Adults — China, 2008–2023
Shen C, Chen X. A Systematic Analysis of Early Life Exposure to the Chinese Famine (1959–1961) and the Health of Older Adults — China, 2008–2023. China CDC Weekly 2024, 6: 203-207. PMID: 38532745, PMCID: PMC10961216, DOI: 10.46234/ccdcw2024.041.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchEarly life circumstancesChinese famineHealth of older adultsLife exposurePublic health practiceLife circumstancesHealth-related sectorsLife course approachEarly life exposuresEnhance public healthHealth practicesOlder adultsHealthy agingHealthPublic healthMeta-analysisOlder ageAging societyStrategic interventionsAgeIndividual environmentsInterventionAdultsMounting evidenceAging processApplying Machine Learning Approach to Explore Childhood Circumstances and Self-Rated Health in Old Age — China and the US, 2020–2021
Huo S, Feng D, Gill T, Chen X. Applying Machine Learning Approach to Explore Childhood Circumstances and Self-Rated Health in Old Age — China and the US, 2020–2021. China CDC Weekly 2024, 6: 213-218. PMID: 38532746, PMCID: PMC10961215, DOI: 10.46234/ccdcw2024.043.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSelf-rated healthSenior healthChildhood circumstancesPromote health equityEarly-life interventionsHealth equityChina HealthChildhood healthRetirement StudyHealthSelf-ratingsAging populationFinancial statusChinese participantsAge ChinaConditional inference treesChildhoodOut-of-sample mean squared errorsInterventionParticipantsRegional differencesUSStatusInference treesRetirement
2023
Accelerated aging mediates the associations of unhealthy lifestyles with cardiovascular disease, cancer, and mortality
Li X, Cao X, Zhang J, Fu J, Mohedaner M, Danzengzhuoga, Sun X, Yang G, Yang Z, Kuo C, Chen X, Cohen A, Liu Z. Accelerated aging mediates the associations of unhealthy lifestyles with cardiovascular disease, cancer, and mortality. Journal Of The American Geriatrics Society 2023, 72: 181-193. PMID: 37789775, PMCID: PMC11078652, DOI: 10.1111/jgs.18611.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchIncident cardiovascular diseaseCardiovascular diseaseUnhealthy lifestyleCause mortalityIncident cancerUK BiobankCox proportional hazards modelUnhealthy lifestyle scoreAssociation of lifestyleNutrition Examination SurveyUS National HealthProportional hazards modelAdverse health outcomesAge accelerationBiological age accelerationLifestyle interventionCVD mortalityLifestyle scoreExamination SurveyCancer mortalityBlood biomarkersMorbidity riskNational HealthMediation proportionHazards modelAssociation of Childhood Adversity With Frailty and the Mediating Role of Unhealthy Lifestyle: A Lifespan Analysis
Yang G, Cao X, Yu J, Li X, Zhang L, Zhang J, Ma C, Zhang N, Lu Q, Wu C, Chen X, Hoogendijk E, Gill T, Liu Z. Association of Childhood Adversity With Frailty and the Mediating Role of Unhealthy Lifestyle: A Lifespan Analysis. American Journal Of Geriatric Psychiatry 2023, 32: 71-82. PMID: 37770350, PMCID: PMC11078585, DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2023.08.015.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchDo Primary Healthcare Facilities in More Remote Areas Provide More Medical Services? Spatial Evidence from Rural Western China
Shen C, Lai S, Deng Q, Dong W, Cao D, Zhao D, Zhao Y, Zhou Z, Chen X. Do Primary Healthcare Facilities in More Remote Areas Provide More Medical Services? Spatial Evidence from Rural Western China. Health & Social Care In The Community 2023, 2023: 1-14. DOI: 10.1155/2023/6131486.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPrimary healthcare institutionsMedical servicesMore medical servicesMedical service utilizationPrimary healthcare facilitiesLocal county hospitalLack of evidenceInpatient visitsOutpatient visitsRural western ChinaMedical visitsCounty HospitalService utilizationOutpatient servicesPrimary healthcareHealthcare centersOne-hour increaseHealthcare facilitiesVisitsMultilevel linear modelsMedical service provisionHealth policymakingHealthcare institutionsDifferential patternsRemote areasTrends in Gender and Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Physical Disability and Social Support Among U.S. Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment Living Alone, 2000–2018
Chen S, Zhang H, Underwood B, Wang D, Chen X, Cardinal R. Trends in Gender and Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Physical Disability and Social Support Among U.S. Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment Living Alone, 2000–2018. Innovation In Aging 2023, 7: igad028. PMID: 37223006, PMCID: PMC10202553, DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igad028.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCognitive impairmentU.S. older adultsOlder adultsIADL disabilityPhysical disabilityEthnic disparitiesSupport needsRacial/Ethnic DisparitiesSocial supportUnmet support needsEligible peopleInstrumental activitiesDaily livingPoisson regressionBlack respondentsImpairmentDisabilityAdultsBADLU.S. HealthPrevalenceInformal careThe morbidity costs of air pollution through the Lens of Health Spending in China
Zhang X, Zhang X, Liu Y, Zhao X, Chen X. The morbidity costs of air pollution through the Lens of Health Spending in China. Journal Of Population Economics 2023, 36: 1269-1292. DOI: 10.1007/s00148-023-00948-y.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSelf-perceived memory is negatively associated with chronic disease awareness: Evidence from blood biomarker data
Lin Z, Fu M, Chen X. Self-perceived memory is negatively associated with chronic disease awareness: Evidence from blood biomarker data. SSM - Population Health 2023, 22: 101361. PMID: 36852376, PMCID: PMC9958050, DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101361.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSelf-perceived memoryCognitive abilitiesCognitive misperceptionsChronic disease awarenessImpaired cognitive abilityCognitive measuresDisease awarenessOlder Chinese adultsHealth-related decisionsOlder adultsMemoryOpposite patternLongitudinal studyRetirement Longitudinal StudyBlood biomarker dataNegative associationLow disease awarenessMultivariate logistic regressionSelf-reported diagnosisMisperceptionsTargeted interventionsAdultsIndividualsAwarenessDiabetes status
2022
The whole-of-society approach of mass COVID-19 vaccination in China: a qualitative study
Wang Q, Qu Z, Tu S, Chen X, Hou Z. The whole-of-society approach of mass COVID-19 vaccination in China: a qualitative study. Health Research Policy And Systems 2022, 20: 142. PMID: 36585666, PMCID: PMC9802023, DOI: 10.1186/s12961-022-00947-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSociety approachNon-health sectorsKey informant interviewsSemi-structured interviewsGovernment engagementThematic analysis approachPolicy documentsGovernance perspectiveHealth systems frameworkCOVID-19 vaccinationInformant interviewsService deliveryVaccination coverageQualitative studySystem strengtheningHealth workforceBackgroundMany countriesFinancing channelsCOVID-19 pandemicVaccination service deliveryCountriesVaccination systemDigital information systemsOlder adultsImplementation experience