2021
Small loci of astroglial glutamine synthetase deficiency in the postnatal brain cause epileptic seizures and impaired functional connectivity
Farina MG, Sandhu MRS, Parent M, Sanganahalli BG, Derbin M, Dhaher R, Wang H, Zaveri HP, Zhou Y, Danbolt NC, Hyder F, Eid T. Small loci of astroglial glutamine synthetase deficiency in the postnatal brain cause epileptic seizures and impaired functional connectivity. Epilepsia 2021, 62: 2858-2870. PMID: 34536233, PMCID: PMC9006438, DOI: 10.1111/epi.17072.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPostnatal brainFunctional connectivityContinuous video-electroencephalographic recordingSpontaneous recurrent seizuresPathogenesis of epilepsyGlutamine synthetase deficiencyVideo-electroencephalographic recordingsSpecific animal modelsEx vivo studySeizure thresholdAdult patientsRecurrent seizuresFocal epilepsyAdeno-associated virusHippocampal formationAnimal modelsFocal mannerEpileptic seizuresGS deficiencySmall lociSynthetase deficiencyEpilepsyGradual returnVivo studiesBrainNetwork-Related Changes in Neurotransmitters and Seizure Propagation During Rodent Epileptogenesis
Dhaher R, Gruenbaum SE, Sandhu MRS, Ottestad-Hansen S, Tu N, Wang Y, Lee TW, Deshpande K, Spencer DD, Danbolt NC, Zaveri HP, Eid T. Network-Related Changes in Neurotransmitters and Seizure Propagation During Rodent Epileptogenesis. Neurology 2021, 96: e2261-e2271. PMID: 33722994, PMCID: PMC8166437, DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000011846.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSpontaneous seizuresSeizure propagationSeizure focusMesial temporal lobe epilepsyExtracellular brain levelsTemporal lobe epilepsyExtracellular glutamate levelsRelevant rodent modelsGlutamine synthetase inhibitor methionine sulfoximineTransporter subtype 1Contralateral hippocampusLobe epilepsyBrain levelsBrain microdialysisExtracellular GABANeurotransmitter levelsSeizure initiationGlutamate levelsSeizure onsetEpilepsy networkRodent modelsSubtype 1EpileptogenesisHippocampusBrain regions
2020
Novel aspects of glutamine synthetase in ammonia homeostasis
Zhou Y, Eid T, Hassel B, Danbolt NC. Novel aspects of glutamine synthetase in ammonia homeostasis. Neurochemistry International 2020, 140: 104809. PMID: 32758585, DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104809.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGamma-aminobutyric acidSevere liver diseaseElevated blood ammoniaAmmonia homeostasisInhibitory neurotransmitters glutamateUrea cycleEffects of hyperammonemiaPotassium bufferingNeurological sequelaeBrain edemaLiver diseaseBrain pathophysiologyUrea cycle pathwayBlood ammoniaExtrahepatic tissuesNeurotransmitter glutamateAmmonia clearanceAminobutyric acidComplete urea cycleCycle pathwayTwo-thirdsGlutamine synthetaseRecent studiesHomeostasisBody ammonia
2018
Astrocytes and Glutamine Synthetase in Epileptogenesis
Eid T, Lee T, Patrylo P, Zaveri HP. Astrocytes and Glutamine Synthetase in Epileptogenesis. Journal Of Neuroscience Research 2018, 97: 1345-1362. PMID: 30022509, PMCID: PMC6338538, DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24267.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMesial temporal lobe epilepsyTemporal lobe epilepsyLobe epilepsyAstrocytic glutamine synthetaseRole of astrocytesPotassium channel Kir4.1Important causative factorExcitatory amino acid transporters EAAT1Antiepileptogenic interventionsEpileptogenic insultAntiepileptogenic therapiesEpilepsy developmentChannel Kir4.1Aquaporin-4EpilepsyCausative factorsTransporters EAAT1New targetsSuch interventionsTransporters MCT1DysfunctionAstrocytesMetabolic mechanismsGlutamine synthetaseDownstream effects