2024
Prophylactic Transfusion Strategies in Children Supported by Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: The Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Anticoagulation CollaborativE Consensus Conference
Nellis M, Moynihan K, Sloan S, Delaney M, Kneyber M, DiGeronimo R, Alexander P, Muszynski J, Gehred A, Lyman E, Karam O, in collaboration with the Pediatric Critical Care Blood Research Network A. Prophylactic Transfusion Strategies in Children Supported by Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: The Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Anticoagulation CollaborativE Consensus Conference. Pediatric Critical Care Medicine 2024, 25: e25-e34. PMID: 38959357, PMCID: PMC11216389, DOI: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000003493.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsBlood TransfusionChildChild, PreschoolConsensusDelphi TechniqueExtracorporeal Membrane OxygenationHumansInfantInfant, NewbornConceptsExtracorporeal membrane oxygenationProphylactic transfusion strategyTransfusion strategyMembrane oxygenationProphylactic blood product transfusionsPediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenationConsensus statementPediatric ECMO patientsBlood product transfusionExpert consensus statementPractice statementsStandardized data extraction formProphylactic transfusionECMO patientsProduct transfusionModified Delphi consensusWeak recommendationConsensus conferenceRecommendations AssessmentData extraction formDelphi processStudy assessed useModified Delphi processLiterature searchDelphi consensusExecutive Summary: The Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Anticoagulation CollaborativE (PEACE) Consensus Conference*
Alexander P, Bembea M, Cashen K, Cheifetz I, Dalton H, Himebauch A, Karam O, Moynihan K, Nellis M, Ozment C, Raman L, Rintoul N, Said A, Saini A, Steiner M, Thiagarajan R, Watt K, Willems A, Zantek N, Barbaro R, Steffen K, Vogel A, Almond C, Anders M, Annich G, Brandão L, Chandler W, Delaney M, DiGeronimo R, Emani S, Gadepalli S, Garcia A, Haileselassie B, Hyslop R, Kneyber M, Kreuziger L, Le J, Loftis L, McMichael A, McMullan D, Monagle P, Nicol K, Paden M, Patregnani J, Priest J, Raffini L, Ryerson L, Sloan S, Teruya J, Yates A, Gehred A, Lyman E, Muszynski J, in collaboration with the Pediatric Acute Lung Injury and Sepsis Investigators Network T. Executive Summary: The Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Anticoagulation CollaborativE (PEACE) Consensus Conference*. Pediatric Critical Care Medicine 2024, 25: 643-675. PMID: 38959353, PMCID: PMC11216385, DOI: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000003480.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnticoagulantsChildChild, PreschoolCritical IllnessExtracorporeal Membrane OxygenationHumansInfantInfant, NewbornConceptsExtracorporeal membrane oxygenationCritically ill childrenClinical managementClinical management of neonatesManaging extracorporeal membrane oxygenationConsensus statementExpert-based statementsIll childrenCochrane Library (CENTRALManagement of neonatesManagement of anticoagulationCochrane Library databasesExpert consensus statementSystematic reviewPractice statementsMembrane oxygenationNonprocedural bleedingClinical trialsLibrary databasesConsensus conferencePerioperative careRecommendations AssessmentAnticoagulationClinical careGeneral carePriorities for Clinical Research in Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Anticoagulation From the Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Anticoagulation CollaborativE Consensus Conference
Muszynski J, Bembea M, Gehred A, Lyman E, Cashen K, Cheifetz I, Dalton H, Himebauch A, Karam O, Moynihan K, Nellis M, Ozment C, Raman L, Rintoul N, Said A, Saini A, Steiner M, Thiagarajan R, Watt K, Willems A, Zantek N, Barbaro R, Steffen K, Vogel A, Alexander P, Alexander P, Bembea M, Cashen K, Cheifetz I, Dalton H, Himebauch A, Karam O, Moynihan K, Nellis M, Ozment C, Raman L, Rintoul N, Said A, Saini A, Steiner M, Thiagarajan R, Watt K, Willems A, Zantek N, Barbaro R, Steffen K, Vogel A, Almond C, Anders M, Annich G, Brandão L, Chandler W, Delaney M, DiGeronimo R, Emani S, Gadepalli S, Garcia A, Haileselassie B, Himebauch A, Hyslop R, Kneyber M, Kreuziger L, Le J, Loftis L, McMichael A, McMullan D, Monagle P, Nicol K, Paden M, Patregnani J, Priest J, Raffini L, Ryerson L, Sloan S, Teruya J, Yates A, Gehred A, Lyman E, Muszynski J. Priorities for Clinical Research in Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Anticoagulation From the Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Anticoagulation CollaborativE Consensus Conference. Pediatric Critical Care Medicine 2024, 25: e78-e89. PMID: 38959362, PMCID: PMC11216398, DOI: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000003488.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsExtracorporeal membrane oxygenationCritically ill neonatesIll neonatesExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation anticoagulationManagement of extracorporeal membrane oxygenationConsensus conferenceSystematic reviewSystematic review of MEDLINECochrane Library databasesReview of MEDLINECare of neonatesMembrane oxygenationChild Health and Nutrition Research Initiative methodologyHemostasis managementLibrary databasesNeonatesConsensus statementClinical recommendationsAnticoagulationClinical careClinical researchEmbaseCochraneExpert panelPediatric
2023
The Effects of Expectation Setting and Bundle Consent on Acute Caregiver Stress in the PICU: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Goldstein G, Karam O, Miller Ferguson N. The Effects of Expectation Setting and Bundle Consent on Acute Caregiver Stress in the PICU: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Pediatric Critical Care Medicine 2023, 24: 692-700. PMID: 37125809, DOI: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000003265.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBundled consentSeverity of illnessParents' perceptionsParents/guardians of patientsParents' perceived severityNegative mental health consequencesMental health consequencesPercentage of parentsCaregiver stressPersonal vulnerabilityChild's illnessChild's admissionControl groupChild's conditionExperimental groupPatients admitted to PICUDemographic surveyHealth consequencesLife-threatening natureStress burdenExpectation settingDemographic variablesControl weekIllnessAdmitted to PICU
2022
Plasma and Platelet Transfusion Strategies in Critically Ill Children With Malignancy, Acute Liver Failure and/or Liver Transplantation, or Sepsis: From the Transfusion and Anemia EXpertise Initiative–Control/Avoidance of Bleeding
Lieberman L, Karam O, Stanworth SJ, Goobie SM, Crighton G, Goel R, Lacroix J, Nellis ME, Parker RI, Steffen K, Stricker P, Valentine SL, Steiner ME, Network A. Plasma and Platelet Transfusion Strategies in Critically Ill Children With Malignancy, Acute Liver Failure and/or Liver Transplantation, or Sepsis: From the Transfusion and Anemia EXpertise Initiative–Control/Avoidance of Bleeding. Pediatric Critical Care Medicine 2022, 23: e37-e49. PMID: 34989704, PMCID: PMC8769367, DOI: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000002857.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAnemia EXpertise Initiative-Control/AvoidanceAcute liver diseaseLiver transplantationExpert consensus statementLiver diseaseIntravascular coagulationIll neonatesPlatelet transfusionsIll childrenConsensus statementSystematic reviewLos Angeles Appropriateness MethodExpert-based statementsAcute liver failurePlatelet transfusion strategyDevelopment/UniversityCochrane Library databasesBleeding expertsRecommendations AssessmentTransfusion strategyLiver failureTransfusion managementAppropriateness MethodTransfusionSepsis
2021
Factors Associated With Initiation of Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in the Pediatric Population: An International Survey
Nguyen DA, De Mul A, Hoskote AU, Cogo P, da Cruz EM, Erickson S, Lasa JJ, Thiagarajan RR, Bembea MM, Karam O, ESPNIC A. Factors Associated With Initiation of Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in the Pediatric Population: An International Survey. ASAIO Journal 2021, 68: 413-418. PMID: 34074851, DOI: 10.1097/mat.0000000000001495.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsExtracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitationCPR durationCardiac arrestCardiopulmonary resuscitationIntensive care unit locationPediatric critical care physiciansCPR qualityPostoperative cardiac surgeryChronic respiratory failureMultiple organ failurePediatric extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitationDuration of CPRPediatric critical care environmentCritical care physiciansDoses of adrenalineFormer preterm childrenLocation of arrestUnwitnessed cardiac arrestExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation teamBetter CPR qualityCritical care environmentECPR initiationECMO initiationRespiratory failureClinical determinantsTransfusion practices in a large cohort of hospitalized children
Nellis ME, Goel R, Hendrickson JE, Birch R, Patel RM, Karafin MS, Hanson SJ, Sachais BS, Hauser RG, Luban NLC, Gottschall J, Sola‐Visner M, Josephson CD, Karam O, Study‐IV‐Pediatric F. Transfusion practices in a large cohort of hospitalized children. Transfusion 2021, 61: 2042-2053. PMID: 33973660, DOI: 10.1111/trf.16443.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentBlood Component TransfusionBlood TransfusionChildChild, PreschoolDatasets as TopicDiagnosis-Related GroupsFemaleHospital MortalityHospitals, CommunityHospitals, TeachingHumansInfantInfant, NewbornInpatientsMaleProcedures and Techniques UtilizationRetrospective StudiesUnited StatesConceptsRBC transfusionCardiopulmonary bypassTransfusion practiceHospitalized childrenInpatient encountersBlood componentsLarge cohortHospital settingBlood Institute Recipient EpidemiologyDonor Evaluation Study-IIIPatient blood management initiativesDiagnostic categoriesFrequency of transfusionInstitutional transfusion guidelinesCohort of patientsInternational normalized ratioPercent of encountersNational Heart LungPediatric hospital settingYears of ageSubset of childrenRecipient EpidemiologyTransfusion guidelinesRed blood cellsEntire cohortVariation in Neonatal Transfusion Practice
Patel RM, Hendrickson JE, Nellis ME, Birch R, Goel R, Karam O, Karafin MS, Hanson SJ, Sachais BS, Hauser RG, Luban NLC, Gottschall J, Josephson CD, Sola-Visner M, National Heart L, Mast A, Hod E, Custer B, Vichinsky E, Spencer B, Mathew S, Harris D, Busch M, Norris P, Ness P, Kleinman S, Tamburro R, Glynn S, Malkin K. Variation in Neonatal Transfusion Practice. The Journal Of Pediatrics 2021, 235: 92-99.e4. PMID: 33836184, PMCID: PMC8316298, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.04.002.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsWeeks of gestationEntire cohortPretransfusion hemoglobinPlatelet countNeonatal transfusionBlood Institute Recipient EpidemiologyDonor Evaluation Study-IIIInternational normalized ratio (INR) valuesHematologic valuesNeonatal transfusion practicesPretransfusion platelet countRetrospective cohort studyBlood product transfusionGestational age groupsPatient blood managementNational Heart LungRecipient EpidemiologyInitial hospitalizationProduct transfusionCohort studyRed blood cellsGestational ageTransfusion practiceHeart LungBlood managementTransfusion management for children supported by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Karam O, Nellis ME. Transfusion management for children supported by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Transfusion 2021, 61: 660-664. PMID: 33491189, DOI: 10.1111/trf.16272.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2020
Individual‐ and hospital‐level correlates of red blood cell, platelet, and plasma transfusions among hospitalized children and neonates: a nationally representative study in the United States
Goel R, Josephson CD, Patel EU, Petersen MR, Packman Z, Gehrie E, Bloch EM, Lokhandwala P, Ness PM, Katz L, Nellis M, Karam O, Tobian AAR. Individual‐ and hospital‐level correlates of red blood cell, platelet, and plasma transfusions among hospitalized children and neonates: a nationally representative study in the United States. Transfusion 2020, 60: 1700-1712. PMID: 32589286, PMCID: PMC7951993, DOI: 10.1111/trf.15855.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAdjusted odds ratioRed blood cellsRBC transfusionPlatelet transfusionsPlasma transfusionAge groupsBlood cellsElective admission statusProportion of neonatesMultivariable logistic regressionOlder age groupsTotal hospitalizationsPrimary outcomeSecondary outcomesHospitalized neonatesNonwhite raceHospitalized childrenFemale sexOverall prevalenceOdds ratioHospital birthsPediatric dischargesTransfusion proceduresTransfusionHigh riskEpidemiology of Hemostatic Transfusions in Children Supported by Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.
Karam O, Goel R, Dalton H, Nellis ME. Epidemiology of Hemostatic Transfusions in Children Supported by Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation. Critical Care Medicine 2020, 48: e698-e705. PMID: 32697511, DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000004417.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsExtracorporeal membrane oxygenationCollaborative Pediatric Critical Care Research NetworkChest tube outputMembrane oxygenationHemostatic transfusionsRBC transfusionTransfusion doseExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation daysLarge observational cohort studyEunice Kennedy Shriver National InstituteCritical Care Research NetworkTube outputPlatelet transfusion doseObservational cohort studyHuman Development Collaborative Pediatric Critical Care Research NetworkInternational normalized ratioTotal platelet countPartial thromboplastin timeAntithrombin levelsCohort studyConsecutive childrenTransfusion strategyChest tubePlatelet countHemostatic testingPerioperative Transfusions and Venous Thromboembolism
Goel R, Josephson CD, Patel EU, Petersen MR, Makhani S, Frank SM, Ness PM, Bloch EM, Gehrie EA, Lokhandwala PM, Nellis MM, Karam O, Shaz BH, Patel RM, Tobian AAR. Perioperative Transfusions and Venous Thromboembolism. Pediatrics 2020, 145: e20192351. PMID: 32198293, PMCID: PMC7111487, DOI: 10.1542/peds.2019-2351.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPerioperative RBC transfusionPostoperative venous thromboembolismNational Surgical Quality Improvement ProjectVenous thromboembolismRBC transfusionRed blood cellsSurgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement ProjectDevelopment of VTESurgical Quality Improvement ProjectDay of surgeryMultivariable logistic regressionQuality improvement projectDose-dependent mannerPerioperative transfusionPostoperative transfusionTransfusion statusThird tertilePediatric patientsPostoperative developmentSecond tertileAnnual incidenceProspective studyTransfusion decisionsHospitalized childrenBody of evidencePediatric Plasma and Platelet Transfusions on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Subgroup Analysis of Two Large International Point-Prevalence Studies and the Role of Local Guidelines.
Nellis ME, Saini A, Spinella PC, Davis PJ, Steiner ME, Tucci M, Cushing M, Demaret P, Stanworth SJ, Leteurtre S, Karam O. Pediatric Plasma and Platelet Transfusions on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Subgroup Analysis of Two Large International Point-Prevalence Studies and the Role of Local Guidelines. Pediatric Critical Care Medicine 2020, 21: 267-275. PMID: 31644453, PMCID: PMC7060816, DOI: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000002160.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentBlood TransfusionChildChild, PreschoolExtracorporeal Membrane OxygenationFemaleHemorrhageHumansInfantInfant, NewbornIntensive Care Units, PediatricInternational Normalized RatioMalePlasmaPlatelet CountPlatelet TransfusionPractice Guidelines as TopicProspective StudiesSurveys and QuestionnairesConceptsExtracorporeal membrane oxygenationMembrane oxygenationPlatelet transfusionsTotal platelet countPlasma transfusionPlatelet countSubgroup analysisInstitutional protocolMedian increaseInternational point prevalence studyPediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenationTotal median doseInternational normalized ratioML/Point prevalence studyPlatelet count valuesScreening weekMedian doseMild coagulopathyNormalized ratioInterventional studyLocal guidelinesObservational studyMedian reductionTransfusionSurviving Sepsis Campaign International Guidelines for the Management of Septic Shock and Sepsis-Associated Organ Dysfunction in Children.
Weiss SL, Peters MJ, Alhazzani W, Agus MSD, Flori HR, Inwald DP, Nadel S, Schlapbach LJ, Tasker RC, Argent AC, Brierley J, Carcillo J, Carrol ED, Carroll CL, Cheifetz IM, Choong K, Cies JJ, Cruz AT, De Luca D, Deep A, Faust SN, De Oliveira CF, Hall MW, Ishimine P, Javouhey E, Joosten KFM, Joshi P, Karam O, Kneyber MCJ, Lemson J, MacLaren G, Mehta NM, Møller MH, Newth CJL, Nguyen TC, Nishisaki A, Nunnally ME, Parker MM, Paul RM, Randolph AG, Ranjit S, Romer LH, Scott HF, Tume LN, Verger JT, Williams EA, Wolf J, Wong HR, Zimmerman JJ, Kissoon N, Tissieres P. Surviving Sepsis Campaign International Guidelines for the Management of Septic Shock and Sepsis-Associated Organ Dysfunction in Children. Pediatric Critical Care Medicine 2020, 21: e52-e106. PMID: 32032273, DOI: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000002198.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSepsis-associated organ dysfunctionOrgan dysfunctionSeptic shockBest practice statementsWeak recommendationKey international meetingsStand-alone meetingManagement of childrenQuality of evidenceManagement of infectionsEvidence-based recommendationsGuideline development processResuscitation of childrenInternational expertsRecommendations AssessmentAdjunctive therapyMetabolic therapyPractice patternsConsistent careLarge cohortPanel membersResearch prioritiesSystematic reviewInternational guidelinesDysfunction
2019
Quantifiable Bleeding in Children Supported by Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation and Outcome.
Nellis ME, Dalton H, Karam O. Quantifiable Bleeding in Children Supported by Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation and Outcome. Critical Care Medicine 2019, 47: e886-e892. PMID: 31449061, PMCID: PMC8608374, DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000003968.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsChest tube bleedingExtracorporeal membrane oxygenationCollaborative Pediatric Critical Care Research NetworkMembrane oxygenationChest tubeClinical outcomesPlatelet countML/Large observational cohort studyEunice Kennedy Shriver National InstituteCritical Care Research NetworkPICU-free daysPercent of patientsObservational cohort studyWorse clinical outcomesHuman Development Collaborative Pediatric Critical Care Research NetworkMembrane oxygenation specialistsHospital mortalityTransfusion volumeCohort studyHeparin doseConsecutive patientsThrombotic eventsPediatric institutionHemostatic testsAnemia at Discharge From the PICU: A Bicenter Descriptive Study.
Demaret P, Valla FV, Behal H, Mimouni Y, Baudelet JB, Karam O, Recher M, Duhamel A, Tucci M, Javouhey E, Leteurtre S. Anemia at Discharge From the PICU: A Bicenter Descriptive Study. Pediatric Critical Care Medicine 2019, 20: e400-e409. PMID: 31246740, DOI: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000002015.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPediatric critical illnessPICU admissionPICU dischargeRisk of anemiaCritical illnessRisk markersHigher C-reactive protein levelsInotropic/vasopressor supportC-reactive protein levelsWorld Health Organization criteriaMedian hemoglobin levelRetrospective cohort studyElectronic medical recordsVasopressor supportPlasma transfusionCohort studyCreatinine levelsMultivariate adjustmentAnemic childrenHemoglobin levelsMechanical ventilationAnemia statusOrganization criteriaMedical recordsIll childrenInternational Study of the Epidemiology of Platelet Transfusions in Critically Ill Children With an Underlying Oncologic Diagnosis.
Nellis ME, Goel R, Karam O, Cushing MM, Davis PJ, Steiner ME, Tucci M, Stanworth SJ, Spinella PC. International Study of the Epidemiology of Platelet Transfusions in Critically Ill Children With an Underlying Oncologic Diagnosis. Pediatric Critical Care Medicine 2019, 20: e342-e351. PMID: 31107379, DOI: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000001987.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPlatelet transfusionsOncologic diagnosisIll childrenCurrent recommendationsHematopoietic stem cell transplantationCritically Ill ChildrenExtracorporeal life supportStem cell transplantationTotal platelet countMechanical ventilationPlatelet countAppropriate indicationsCell transplantationPediatric intensivistsSubgroup analysisObservational studyPlatelet functionTransfusionParent studyTherapeutic transfusionTotal plateletsLife supportDiagnosisVulnerable populationsSignificant differencesEffects of ABO Matching of Platelet Transfusions in Critically Ill Children*
Nellis ME, Goel R, Karam O, Cushing MM, Davis PJ, Steiner ME, Tucci M, Stanworth SJ, Spinella PC. Effects of ABO Matching of Platelet Transfusions in Critically Ill Children*. Pediatric Critical Care Medicine 2019, 20: e61-e69. PMID: 30422914, PMCID: PMC6709973, DOI: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000001779.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPlatelet transfusionsPlatelet countIll childrenTransfusion reactionsMinor incompatibilityCells/LABO-incompatible platelet transfusionsABO-compatible transfusionsABO-identical transfusionsABO-incompatible plateletsIncompatible platelet transfusionsCritically Ill ChildrenABO-identical plateletsABO-compatible plateletsMajor incompatibilityIncompatible plateletsNonbleeding patientsScreening weekPrimary outcomeSecondary outcomesABO matchingCompatible plateletsTransfusion doseMechanical ventilationOncologic diagnosis
2018
International, multicentre, observational study of fluid bolus therapy in neonates
Keir AK, Karam O, Hodyl N, Stark MJ, Liley HG, Shah PS, Stanworth SJ, Group O. International, multicentre, observational study of fluid bolus therapy in neonates. Journal Of Paediatrics And Child Health 2018, 55: 632-639. PMID: 30328174, DOI: 10.1111/jpc.14260.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAcidosisFemaleFluid TherapyHemodynamicsHumansHypotensionInfant, NewbornMalePractice Patterns, Physicians'Treatment OutcomeConceptsFluid bolus therapyBolus therapyNeonatal unitHaemodynamic compromiseObservational studyFluid bolus administrationMulticentre observational studyRisk-benefit profilePooled prevalence rateWide international variationDays of ageClinical improvementFrequent indicationAppropriate indicationsFluid bolusMetabolic acidosisPoor perfusionPatient daysBolus administrationPrevalence ratesStudy daysNeonatesStudy periodTherapyRelevant studiesConsensus Recommendations for RBC Transfusion Practice in Critically Ill Children From the Pediatric Critical Care Transfusion and Anemia Expertise Initiative
Valentine SL, Bembea MM, Muszynski JA, Cholette JM, Doctor A, Spinella PC, Steiner ME, Tucci M, Hassan NE, Parker RI, Lacroix J, Argent A, Carson JL, Remy KE, Demaret P, Emeriaud G, Kneyber MCJ, Guzzetta N, Hall MW, Macrae D, Karam O, Russell RT, Stricker PA, Vogel AM, Tasker RC, Turgeon AF, Schwartz SM, Willems A, Josephson CD, Luban NLC, Lehmann LE, Stanworth SJ, Zantek ND, Bunchman TE, Cheifetz IM, Fortenberry JD, Delaney M, van de Watering L, Robinson KA, Malone S, Steffen KM, Bateman ST. Consensus Recommendations for RBC Transfusion Practice in Critically Ill Children From the Pediatric Critical Care Transfusion and Anemia Expertise Initiative. Pediatric Critical Care Medicine 2018, 19: 884-898. PMID: 30180125, PMCID: PMC6126913, DOI: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000001613.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolConsensusCritical IllnessErythrocyte TransfusionHumansInfantInfant, NewbornConceptsPediatric Critical Care TransfusionAnemia Expertise InitiativeRBC transfusion managementRBC transfusionIll childrenTransfusion managementConsensus recommendationsAnemia Expertise Initiative Consensus ConferenceDevelopment/UCLA Appropriateness MethodExpert consensus-based recommendationsImportant clinical guidanceRBC transfusion practicesAcute brain injuryCongenital heart diseaseConsensus-based recommendationsSearch of PubMedExpert consensus recommendationsUnnecessary RBC transfusionsNonhemorrhagic shockRecommendations AssessmentRespiratory failureCritical illnessHemorrhagic shockTransfusion practiceCochrane Library