2023
The Biological Basis of Sex Differences in Athletic Performance: Consensus Statement for the American College of Sports Medicine
Hunter S, Angadi S, Bhargava A, Harper J, Hirschberg A, Levine B, Moreau K, Nokoff N, Stachenfeld N, Bermon S. The Biological Basis of Sex Differences in Athletic Performance: Consensus Statement for the American College of Sports Medicine. Translational Journal Of The American College Of Sports Medicine 2023, 8: 1-33. DOI: 10.1249/tjx.0000000000000236.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSex steroid hormonesConsensus statementAthletic performanceEndogenous sex steroid hormonesSex differencesSteroid hormonesOnset of pubertyExercise trainingMuscle strengthAcute boutFundamental sex differencesSex hormonesAmerican CollegeParticular testosteroneAdult menSports medicineTraining statusHigh-impact studiesHormoneSimilar ageNonphysiological factorsPrimary determinantMalesBiological basisWomenThe Biological Basis of Sex Differences in Athletic Performance: Consensus Statement for the American College of Sports Medicine
HUNTER S, ANGADI S, BHARGAVA A, HARPER J, HIRSCHBERG A, LEVINE B, MOREAU K, NOKOFF N, STACHENFELD N, BERMON S. The Biological Basis of Sex Differences in Athletic Performance: Consensus Statement for the American College of Sports Medicine. Medicine & Science In Sports & Exercise 2023, 55: 2328-2360. PMID: 37772882, DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003300.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSex steroid hormonesConsensus statementAthletic performanceEndogenous sex steroid hormonesSex differencesSteroid hormonesOnset of pubertyExercise trainingMuscle strengthAcute boutFundamental sex differencesSex hormonesAmerican CollegeParticular testosteroneAdult menSports medicineTraining statusHigh-impact studiesHormoneSimilar ageNonphysiological factorsPrimary determinantMalesBiological basisWomenEffects Of A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Oral Salsalate Intervention On Flow-Mediated Dilation In Women With Endometriosis
Kirby N, Williams A, Content V, Wolf S, Dillon G, Stachenfeld N, Alexander L. Effects Of A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Oral Salsalate Intervention On Flow-Mediated Dilation In Women With Endometriosis. Medicine & Science In Sports & Exercise 2023, 55: 398-399. DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000983544.89010.be.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2022
Subclinical cardiovascular disease and polycystic ovary syndrome
Gomez JMD, VanHise K, Stachenfeld N, Chan JL, Merz NB, Shufelt C. Subclinical cardiovascular disease and polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertility And Sterility 2022, 117: 912-923. PMID: 35512975, PMCID: PMC10322116, DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.02.028.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPolycystic ovary syndromeSubclinical cardiovascular diseaseCardiovascular diseaseOvary syndromeCoronary artery calcium scoreCarotid intima-media thicknessOvert cardiovascular diseaseArtery calcium scoreFlow-mediated dilationIntima-media thicknessCalcium scoreDiabetes mellitusMetabolic syndromeArterial stiffnessIrregular mensesInsulin resistanceEpicardial fatMetabolic disordersVascular endotheliumSyndromeHallmark featureDiseaseWomenHyperandrogenismDyslipidemia
2020
Menstrual cycle and thermoregulation during exercise in the heat: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Giersch GEW, Morrissey MC, Katch RK, Colburn AT, Sims ST, Stachenfeld NS, Casa DJ. Menstrual cycle and thermoregulation during exercise in the heat: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal Of Science And Medicine In Sport 2020, 23: 1134-1140. PMID: 32499153, DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2020.05.014.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSystematic reviewHeart rateSweat rateSkin temperatureMenstrual cycle phaseMenstrual cycle variationsAerobic exerciseFollicular phaseMenstrual cycleLuteal phaseInclusion criteriaMenstrual phaseLimited available dataMean skin temperatureEffect size estimatesSignificant differencesBody temperatureEffect sizeExerciseWomenCycle phaseInternal body temperatureReviewTotal number
2016
The molecular actions of oestrogen in the regulation of vascular health
Usselman CW, Stachenfeld NS, Bender JR. The molecular actions of oestrogen in the regulation of vascular health. Quarterly Journal Of Experimental Physiology And Cognate Medical Sciences 2016, 101: 356-361. PMID: 26778523, PMCID: PMC4947570, DOI: 10.1113/ep085148.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsConceptsAction of estrogenVascular healthFunctional outcomeHormone therapy trialsNormal endothelial functionVascular smooth muscleMembrane-bound estrogen receptorMolecular actionsPremenopausal womenEndothelial functionEstrogen actionCardiovascular diseaseEstrogen receptorSmooth muscleBeneficial actionsTherapy trialsEstrogenExperimental animalsVascular structuresFindings of studiesVasculatureWomenHealthMolecular mechanismsOutcomes
2014
Effects of Sex and Gender on Adaptation to Space: Cardiovascular Alterations
Platts SH, Merz C, Barr Y, Fu Q, Gulati M, Hughson R, Levine BD, Mehran R, Stachenfeld N, Wenger NK. Effects of Sex and Gender on Adaptation to Space: Cardiovascular Alterations. Journal Of Women's Health 2014, 23: 950-955. PMID: 25401939, PMCID: PMC4236093, DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2014.4912.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntracranial pressure syndromeFemale astronautsSex-specific effectsBasic science researchCardiovascular alterationsOrthostatic intoleranceCardiovascular adaptationVascular agingClinical studiesVascular endotheliumOverall populationEffects of sexCurrent cohortWarrants examinationWomenSexGender differencesPotential benefitsAstronaut ageSyndromeCohortEndotheliumIntoleranceDichotomous estradiol and genistein effects on cutaneous endothelium‐dependent vasodilation in women with and without insulin resistance (678.6)
Wenner M, Taylor H, Stachenfeld N. Dichotomous estradiol and genistein effects on cutaneous endothelium‐dependent vasodilation in women with and without insulin resistance (678.6). The FASEB Journal 2014, 28 DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.678.6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchEndothelial-dependent dilationInsulin-resistant womenCutaneous vascular conductanceL-NMMAHealthy womenGenistein effectsEndothelium-dependent vasodilationLaser Doppler flowmetryResistant womenVascular conductanceE2 effectsInsulin resistanceMicrodialysis infusionDependent dilationDoppler flowmetryGEN effectsWomenE2National InstituteGrant funding sourcesC heatingCVCmaxVasodilationCardioprotectionFlowmetryReproductive Hormone Influences on Thermoregulation in Women
Charkoudian N, Stachenfeld NS. Reproductive Hormone Influences on Thermoregulation in Women. 2014, 4: 793-804. PMID: 24715568, DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c130029.ChaptersConceptsReproductive hormonesHormone exposurePeripheral thermal informationReproductive hormone effectsMale reproductive hormonesBody temperatureThermoregulatory responsesProgesterone/progestinsPeripheral mechanismsAnterior hypothalamusPreoptic areaHormone influenceHormone effectsLow body temperatureBody heatingYoung womenThermoregulatory controlEnvironmental exposuresWomenHormoneMajor quantitative differencesProgestinsAndrogensEstrogenPhysiological thermoregulatory responsesChallenges and methodology for testing young healthy women in physiological studies
Stachenfeld NS, Taylor HS. Challenges and methodology for testing young healthy women in physiological studies. AJP Endocrinology And Metabolism 2014, 306: e849-e853. PMID: 24569589, PMCID: PMC3989744, DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00038.2014.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHormone exposureGonadotropin-releasing hormone agonistFemale gonadal hormonesReproductive hormone exposureHealth careYoung healthy womenWomen's health careNIH Revitalization ActEffects of hormonesHealthy womenHormone agonistFemale reproductive physiologyGonadal hormonesHormone effectsPhysiological studiesHormoneWomenPhysiological responsesStronger research designsEndogenous hormonesRevitalization ActMenReproductive physiologyExposureMethods investigators
2013
Androgens influence microvascular dilation in PCOS through ET-A and ET-B receptors
Wenner MM, Taylor HS, Stachenfeld NS. Androgens influence microvascular dilation in PCOS through ET-A and ET-B receptors. AJP Endocrinology And Metabolism 2013, 305: e818-e825. PMID: 23921139, PMCID: PMC3798701, DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00343.2013.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPolycystic ovary syndromeET-B receptorsMicrovascular dilationHeat-induced vasodilationReceptor inhibitionET-B receptor antagonistGonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonistLaser Doppler flowmetryAndrogen suppressionOvary syndromeVascular dysfunctionHealthy womenT administrationEnhanced vasodilationHormone antagonistReceptor antagonistCutaneous microdialysisDoppler flowmetryTestosterone effectsSubtype receptorsVasodilationDay 8WomenDilationGnRHantTestosterone modulates sodium‐regulating hormones in women with PCOS
Stachenfeld N, Wenner M, Taylor H. Testosterone modulates sodium‐regulating hormones in women with PCOS. The FASEB Journal 2013, 27: 904.5-904.5. DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.904.5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPolycystic ovary syndromePlasma renin activityHormone conditionsRenal sodium handlingAldosterone systemRenin activityOvary syndromeSerum aldosteroneSodium handlingHormone antagonistSex hormonesAldosteroneDay 8Day 4Sodium regulationGnRHantWomenTestosteroneHormoneHyperandrogenismGonadotropinSyndromeAntagonistKidney
2011
Sex differences in endothelial function in the microvasculature: effects of PCOS
Stachenfeld N, Wenner M, Taylor H. Sex differences in endothelial function in the microvasculature: effects of PCOS. The FASEB Journal 2011, 25: 837.2-837.2. DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.837.2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPolycystic ovary syndromeETB receptorsEffects of PCOSHeart disease riskLaser Doppler flowmetrySkin blood flowNormal reproductive functionDose-response curveEndothelial dysfunctionOvary syndromeVasoconstrictive responseVasodilatory responseEndothelial functionCutaneous microvasculatureETA receptorsHealthy womenAntagonist infusionDoppler flowmetrySmooth muscleBlood flowReceptor AReproductive functionDisease riskWomenReceptors
2010
Greater Exercise Sweating in Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Compared with Obese Controls
STACHENFELD NS, YECKEL CW, TAYLOR HS. Greater Exercise Sweating in Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Compared with Obese Controls. Medicine & Science In Sports & Exercise 2010, 42: 1660-1668. PMID: 20195177, PMCID: PMC3109293, DOI: 10.1249/mss.0b013e3181d8cf68.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPolycystic ovary syndromePCOS groupOvary syndromeControl groupGonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonistObese controlsObese womenAge-predicted HRmaxCore temperature thresholdHormone antagonistTestosterone effectsDay 4GnRHantSweat volumeDay 13Total sweat lossHormone conditionsWomenSweatingE2Sweat lossSyndromeEstradiolTestosteroneThermoregulatory responsesGreater orthostatic tolerance in young black compared to white women
Hinds K, Stachenfeld N. Greater orthostatic tolerance in young black compared to white women. The FASEB Journal 2010, 24: 977.9-977.9. DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.977.9.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchLower body negative pressureOrthostatic toleranceWhite womenCumulative stress indexHeart rateLevels of LBNPR intervalPlasma renin activitySympathetic nervous systemSerum aldosterone concentrationBody negative pressureRenin activityAldosterone concentrationBaroreflex functionBlood pressurePlasma catecholaminesOrthostatic stressHealthy blacksBlood samplesNervous systemWomenPresyncopeBaselineYoung blacksBW
2009
Sex hormone effects on body fluid and sodium regulation in women with and without exercise-associated hyponatremia
Stachenfeld NS, Taylor HS. Sex hormone effects on body fluid and sodium regulation in women with and without exercise-associated hyponatremia. Journal Of Applied Physiology 2009, 107: 864-872. PMID: 19556454, DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.91211.2008.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsExercise-associated hyponatremiaSodium lossGonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonistPeak oxygen consumptionMin of exerciseHistory of hyponatremiaHigh water intakeGnRH-antFluid retentionHormone antagonistProgesterone exposureEndurance exerciseDay 4Hormone effectsDay 13HyponatremiaSodium regulationHormone conditionsWomenHypoWater intakeOxygen consumptionProgesteroneExerciseLittle fallFEMALE REPRODUCTIVE HORMONE EFFECTS ON SKIN VESSEL ADRENERGIC RESPONSIVENESS IN WOMEN WITH LOW AND HIGH ORTHOSTATIC TOLERANCE.
Stachenfeld N, Hinds K, Taylor H. FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE HORMONE EFFECTS ON SKIN VESSEL ADRENERGIC RESPONSIVENESS IN WOMEN WITH LOW AND HIGH ORTHOSTATIC TOLERANCE. The FASEB Journal 2009, 23: 968.2-968.2. DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.968.2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchHigh orthostatic toleranceCumulative stress indexL-NMMAAdrenergic responsivenessOrthostatic toleranceLower body negative pressureReproductive hormone effectsNitric oxide mechanismBody negative pressureLaser Doppler flowmetrySkin blood flowStimulus-response curvesNorepinephrine infusionHormone antagonistDoppler flowmetryBlood flowDay 4Hormone effectsDay 13GnRHProgesteroneOxide mechanismWomenEstradiolResponsiveness
2001
Estrogen and progesterone effects on transcapillary fluid dynamics
Stachenfeld N, Keefe D, Palter S. Estrogen and progesterone effects on transcapillary fluid dynamics. AJP Regulatory Integrative And Comparative Physiology 2001, 281: r1319-r1329. PMID: 11557642, DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.2001.281.4.r1319.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAtrial Natriuretic FactorBlood PressureBlood VolumeCapillariesCapillary PermeabilityCardiac OutputDrug Administration RoutesEstradiolEstrogensFemaleFertility Agents, FemaleForearmGonadotropin-Releasing HormoneHematocritHot FlashesHumansInfusions, IntravenousLeuprolideProgesteroneStroke VolumeVeinsConceptsCapillary filtration coefficientANP infusionGnRH analoguesPlasma volumeProgesterone effectsTranscapillary fluid dynamicsGonadotropin-releasing hormone analogueLittle systemic effectMin of infusionBaseline plasma volumeHormone administrationPV lossSystemic effectsReproductive functionInfusionAdministrationTreatmentEstrogenPeptide controlFiltration coefficientWeeksWomenANPDaysHematocritSelected Contribution: Sex differences in osmotic regulation of AVP and renal sodium handling
Stachenfeld N, Splenser A, Calzone W, Taylor M, Keefe D. Selected Contribution: Sex differences in osmotic regulation of AVP and renal sodium handling. Journal Of Applied Physiology 2001, 91: 1893-1901. PMID: 11568177, DOI: 10.1152/jappl.2001.91.4.1893.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSystolic blood pressureBlood pressureMenstrual phaseBasal plasma AVP concentrationGreater systolic blood pressurePressure-natriuresis curveRenal sodium handlingPlasma osmolalityPlasma AVP concentrationMin of restMidluteal menstrual phasesBasal plasma osmolalitySex differencesSodium handlingPulse pressureBody wtAVP concentrationAVP releaseNaCl infusionHormone responseMenWomenGreater sensitivityBody waterOsmolality
1996
Fluid balance and renal response following dehydrating exercise in well-trained men and women
Stachenfeld N, Gleim G, Zabetakis P, Nicholas J. Fluid balance and renal response following dehydrating exercise in well-trained men and women. European Journal Of Applied Physiology 1996, 72: 468-477. PMID: 8925818, DOI: 10.1007/bf00242277.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPlasma renin activityEnd of exerciseSodium handlingMin postexerciseEarly recoveryFluid balanceLow plasma renin activityRenal free water clearancePlasma volumeFractional sodium excretionPlasma osmolalityFree water clearanceOverall fluid balanceMin of recoveryFluid-regulating hormonesRenin activitySodium excretionSerum aldosteroneNorepinephrine concentrationsRenal responseWater clearanceRenal waterAnaerobic thresholdWater reabsorptionWomen