BMP2, but not BMP4, is crucial for chondrocyte proliferation and maturation during endochondral bone development
Shu B, Zhang M, Xie R, Wang M, Jin H, Hou W, Tang D, Harris SE, Mishina Y, O'Keefe RJ, Hilton MJ, Wang Y, Chen D. BMP2, but not BMP4, is crucial for chondrocyte proliferation and maturation during endochondral bone development. Journal Of Cell Science 2011, 124: 3428-3440. PMID: 21984813, PMCID: PMC3196857, DOI: 10.1242/jcs.083659.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsApoptosisBone DevelopmentBone Morphogenetic Protein 2Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4Cell DifferentiationCell Growth ProcessesCells, CulturedChondrocytesCore Binding Factor Alpha 1 SubunitCyclin-Dependent Kinase 4Gene Expression RegulationGrowth PlateMiceMice, KnockoutOsteochondrodysplasiasProtein Processing, Post-TranslationalSignal TransductionConceptsEndochondral bone developmentBMP4 geneCartilage developmentDeletion of Bmp2Post-transcriptional levelRunx2 protein levelsBone developmentChondrocyte proliferationChondrodysplasia phenotypeProteasomal degradationBMP2 geneGenetic controlKey regulatorConditional knockout miceMolecular mechanismsKnockout miceBMP2Chondrocyte differentiationGenesGrowth plate chondrocytesRunx2 expressionCartilage phenotypeSpecific functionsProfound defectsNovel insightsSmad1 plays an essential role in bone development and postnatal bone formation
Wang M, Jin H, Tang D, Huang S, Zuscik MJ, Chen D. Smad1 plays an essential role in bone development and postnatal bone formation. Osteoarthritis And Cartilage 2011, 19: 751-762. PMID: 21420501, PMCID: PMC3113680, DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2011.03.004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPostnatal bone formationBone developmentCKO miceAlkaline phosphatase activityCalvarial bone developmentRole of Smad1Essential roleGene expression analysisBone formationOsteoblast-specific deletionCol2a1-Cre transgenic miceTransgenic miceBMP signalingSmad1 geneRelative gene expressionExpression analysisGene expressionConditional knockout miceOsteopenic phenotypeSmad1Formation assaysPhosphatase activityPrimary cellsOsteoblast proliferationKnockout mice