1999
Naloxone Challenge in Smokers: Preliminary Evidence of an Opioid Component in Nicotine Dependence
Krishnan-Sarin S, Rosen M, O'Malley S. Naloxone Challenge in Smokers: Preliminary Evidence of an Opioid Component in Nicotine Dependence. JAMA Psychiatry 1999, 56: 663-668. PMID: 10401515, DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.56.7.663.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultBehavior, AddictiveEndorphinsHumansHydrocortisoneMaleNaloxoneSubstance Withdrawal SyndromeTobacco Use DisorderConceptsEndogenous opioid systemOpioid systemNicotine dependenceOpiate-like withdrawalNicotine-dependent individualsDose-dependent increaseNicotine-dependent subjectsPreliminary evidenceOpioid componentAdrenal axisNaloxone challengeWithdrawal signsCortisol releaseNeuroendocrine parametersNicotine cravingCigarette smokeLong-term exposureCortisol levelsBaseline levelsLow dosesSubjective signsNaloxoneSmokersChallenge proceduresSymptomsThe effects of naltrexone maintenance on the response to yohimbine in healthy volunteers
Rosen M, Kosten T, Kreek M. The effects of naltrexone maintenance on the response to yohimbine in healthy volunteers. Biological Psychiatry 1999, 45: 1636-1645. PMID: 10376126, DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3223(98)00259-5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsWeeks of treatmentDrug effectsStrongest drug effectsOpioid antagonist naltrexoneActive naltrexoneNaltrexone treatmentNaltrexone maintenanceAntagonist naltrexoneHealthy subjectsHealthy volunteersWeek 1Week 2Cortisol levelsYohimbineWeek 5PlaceboPreclinical researchNaltrexoneAlters sensitivityEffect of pretreatmentWeeksAntagonistTreatmentStress responsivenessSubjects
1996
Effect of clonidine pretreatment on naloxone-precipitated opiate withdrawal.
Rosen M, McMahon T, Hameedi F, Pearsall H, Woods S, Kreek M, Kosten T. Effect of clonidine pretreatment on naloxone-precipitated opiate withdrawal. Journal Of Pharmacology And Experimental Therapeutics 1996, 276: 1128-35. PMID: 8786543.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsClonidine pretreatmentOpiate withdrawalAdrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) responseDiastolic blood pressureNaloxone-precipitated opiate withdrawalNaloxone challenge testHeroin-dependent subjectsMeasures of withdrawalNasal congestionBlood pressureNew medicationsWithdrawal severityTesting medicationsChallenge testPlasma cortisolHormone responseConsecutive daysPilot studyClonidineMedicationsPositive controlWithdrawalBase linePretreatmentTwo-factor analysis