Endoscopic intrapyloric injection of botulinum toxin A in the treatment of children with gastroparesis: a retrospective, open-label study
Rodriguez L, Rosen R, Manfredi M, Nurko S. Endoscopic intrapyloric injection of botulinum toxin A in the treatment of children with gastroparesis: a retrospective, open-label study. Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2012, 75: 302-309. PMID: 22248598, PMCID: PMC3260460, DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2011.09.042.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOpen-label studyBotulinum toxin APredictive factorsToxin ASingle tertiary care centerLong-term clinical outcomesRefractory gastroparesis symptomsSymptoms of gastroparesisPlacebo-controlled trialTertiary care centerManagement of childrenSingle case reportsTreatment of childrenGastroparesis refractoryGastroparesis symptomsIntrapyloric injectionReported exacerbationsSpastic disordersClinical improvementMedian durationOlder patientsBotulinum injectionMale patientsMedical therapyRetrospective review