2024
Trends in the Use of Medications for Secondary Ischemic Stroke Prevention in Denmark, 2005-2021.
Skajaa N, Laugesen K, Lauffenburger J, Schwamm L, Sørensen H, Patorno E. Trends in the Use of Medications for Secondary Ischemic Stroke Prevention in Denmark, 2005-2021. Neurology 2024, 102: e209309. PMID: 38648572, PMCID: PMC11226314, DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000209309.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMedication useOral anticoagulant medicationsGlucose-lowering medication useFactors associated with medication useLipid-lowering medication useSevere strokeIschemic stroke hospitalizationsAntihypertensive medication useAnticoagulant medicationOlder patientsCare of patientsSodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitorsGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonistsStroke preventionAnticoagulant medication useLipid-loweringPeptide-1 receptor agonistsGlucose-loweringReduced life expectancyIschemic strokeCotransporter-2 inhibitorsStroke careCohort of patientsStroke hospitalizationsSecondary ischemic stroke prevention
2022
Acute Ischemic Stroke, Depressed Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction, and Sinus Rhythm: Prevalence and Practice Patterns
Baker AD, Schwamm LH, Sanborn DY, Furie K, Stretz C, Mac Grory B, Yaghi S, Kleindorfer D, Sucharew H, Mackey J, Walsh K, Flaherty M, Kissela B, Alwell K, Khoury J, Khatri P, Adeoye O, Ferioli S, Woo D, Martini S, La Rosa F, Demel SL, Madsen T, Star M, Coleman E, Slavin S, Jasne A, Mistry EA, Haverbusch M, Merkler AE, Kamel H, Schindler J, Sansing LH, Faridi KF, Sugeng L, Sheth KN, Sharma R. Acute Ischemic Stroke, Depressed Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction, and Sinus Rhythm: Prevalence and Practice Patterns. Stroke 2022, 53: 1883-1891. PMID: 35086361, PMCID: PMC10214981, DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.121.036706.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLeft ventricular ejection fractionAcute ischemic strokeDepressed left ventricular ejection fractionVentricular ejection fractionSinus rhythmIschemic strokeEjection fractionPooled prevalenceHealth Stroke Severity ScaleSecondary stroke prevention strategiesMultivariable logistic regression modelAntithrombotic treatment regimensHospital-based cohortRetrospective cohort studySecondary stroke preventionStroke prevention strategiesMulti-center cohortStroke Severity ScaleLogistic regression modelsEchocardiographic characteristicsHospitalization dischargeAntiplatelet therapyStroke preventionCardiac thrombusCohort study
2021
Antithrombotic Therapy for Stroke Prevention in Patients With Ischemic Stroke With Aspirin Treatment Failure
Lusk J, Xu H, Peterson E, Bhatt D, Fonarow G, Smith E, Matsouaka R, Schwamm L, Xian Y. Antithrombotic Therapy for Stroke Prevention in Patients With Ischemic Stroke With Aspirin Treatment Failure. Stroke 2021, 52: e777-e781. PMID: 34702067, PMCID: PMC8608737, DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.121.034622.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAspirin treatment failureDual antiplatelet therapyIschemic strokeAspirin monotherapyClopidogrel monotherapyAntiplatelet therapyAntithrombotic therapyTreatment failureAntithrombotic treatment patternsAspirin/dipyridamoleGuidelines-Stroke registryIschemic stroke survivorsAcute ischemic strokeHalf of patientsAmerican Heart AssociationComplex clinical scenariosNonvitamin KOral anticoagulantsStroke preventionStroke RegistryOlder patientsPreventive therapyTreatment patternsHeart AssociationStroke survivorsAssociations of Medicaid Expansion With Access to Care, Severity, and Outcomes for Acute Ischemic Stroke
McGee B, Seagraves K, Smith E, Xian Y, Zhang S, Alhanti B, Matsouaka R, Reeves M, Schwamm L, Fonarow G. Associations of Medicaid Expansion With Access to Care, Severity, and Outcomes for Acute Ischemic Stroke. Circulation Cardiovascular Quality And Outcomes 2021, 14: e007940. PMID: 34587752, DOI: 10.1161/circoutcomes.121.007940.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAcute ischemic strokeLow-income cohortSkilled nursing facilitiesIschemic strokeMedicaid expansionStroke admissionsNonexpansion statesNursing facilitiesLow-income US populationHigh stroke burdenPrimary stroke preventionOdds of dischargeIschemic stroke admissionsExpansion statesSeverity of presentationLevel of disabilityReceipt of rehabilitationHealth insurance statusHealth insurance coverageHospital mortalityUninsured hospitalizationsStroke preventionDischarge dispositionStroke burdenStroke outcome
2020
Prehospital Stroke Care and Regionalized Stroke Systems
Zachrison K, Schwamm L. Prehospital Stroke Care and Regionalized Stroke Systems. 2020, 35-58. DOI: 10.1017/9781316286234.004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPrehospital stroke careStroke careStroke systemsAcute stroke treatmentPrevention of strokeEndovascular reperfusion therapyCause of disabilityMagnetic brain stimulationCause of deathReperfusion therapyStroke preventionStroke treatmentSurgical treatmentStroke patientsStroke recoveryBrain stimulationReview GroupAppropriate interventionsOptimal evidenceTherapeutic topicsStrokeCliniciansTreatmentCarePrevention
2019
Clinical Effectiveness of Direct Oral Anticoagulants vs Warfarin in Older Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Ischemic Stroke
Xian Y, Xu H, O’Brien E, Shah S, Thomas L, Pencina M, Fonarow G, Olson D, Schwamm L, Bhatt D, Smith E, Hannah D, Maisch L, Lytle B, Peterson E, Hernandez A. Clinical Effectiveness of Direct Oral Anticoagulants vs Warfarin in Older Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Ischemic Stroke. JAMA Neurology 2019, 76: 1192-1202. PMID: 31329212, PMCID: PMC6647003, DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2019.2099.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchDirect oral anticoagulantsAcute ischemic strokeMajor adverse cardiovascular eventsAdverse cardiovascular eventsIschemic strokeLong-term outcomesAtrial fibrillationCardiovascular eventsOral anticoagulantsClinical effectivenessHigh riskHealth Stroke Scale scoreBetter long-term outcomesFirst year postdischargeStroke Scale scorePatient-centered outcomesPatient-centered measuresDOAC useGuidelines-StrokeCardiovascular readmissionCause readmissionGastrointestinal bleedingStroke preventionWarfarin prescriptionBaseline characteristics
2017
Stroke of Known Cause and Underlying Atrial Fibrillation (STROKE-AF) randomized trial: Design and rationale
Bernstein R, Kamel H, Granger C, Kowal R, Ziegler P, Schwamm L. Stroke of Known Cause and Underlying Atrial Fibrillation (STROKE-AF) randomized trial: Design and rationale. American Heart Journal 2017, 190: 19-24. PMID: 28760209, DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2017.04.007.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsApparent atrial fibrillationInsertable cardiac monitorSmall vessel diseaseLarge vessel atherosclerosisStandard of careVessel diseaseIschemic strokeAtrial fibrillationPost-market clinical trialArrhythmia monitoringSecondary stroke preventionOral anticoagulation therapyContinuous arrhythmia monitoringAntithrombotic treatmentOral anticoagulationAnticoagulation therapyStroke preventionIntracranial atherosclerosisStroke etiologyClinical trialsIncidence rateCardiac monitorPatientsCardiac monitoringStroke
2016
Prior Antithrombotic Use Is Associated With Favorable Mortality and Functional Outcomes in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Myint P, Hellkamp A, Fonarow G, Reeves M, Schwamm L, Schulte P, Xian Y, Suter R, Bhatt D, Saver J, Peterson E, Smith E. Prior Antithrombotic Use Is Associated With Favorable Mortality and Functional Outcomes in Acute Ischemic Stroke. Stroke 2016, 47: 2066-2074. PMID: 27435402, DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.115.012414.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAcute ischemic strokeIschemic strokeAntithrombotic useClinical outcomesVascular indicationsBetter outcomesPrevious antithrombotic therapyUse of antithromboticsMainstay of treatmentRankin Scale scoreImproved clinical outcomesAppropriate patient populationIndependent ambulatory statusGuidelines-StrokeHospital mortalityAmbulatory statusAntithrombotic therapyStroke preventionDischarge destinationHospital factorsSecondary preventionFavorable mortalityStroke patientsAcute eventFunctional outcomeTelestroke—the promise and the challenge. Part two—expansion and horizons
Akbik F, Hirsch J, Chandra R, Frei D, Patel A, Rabinov J, Rost N, Schwamm L, Leslie-Mazwi T. Telestroke—the promise and the challenge. Part two—expansion and horizons. Journal Of NeuroInterventional Surgery 2016, 9: 361. PMID: 26984867, DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2016-012340.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSpecialist careMajor public health concernAcute ischemic strokeTime-sensitive therapiesExamination of patientsUse of telemedicinePublic health concernNovel therapeutic platformIntravenous thrombolysisStroke preventionEndovascular thrombectomyIschemic strokeStroke presentationStroke expertiseTreatment benefitVideo consultationsTreatment ratesHealth concernTelestrokeCarePotential roleStrokeSensitive therapyTherapeutic platformThrombectomy
2014
Guideline-Directed Low-Density Lipoprotein Management in High-Risk Patients With Ischemic Stroke
Saposnik G, Fonarow G, Pan W, Liang L, Hernandez A, Schwamm L, Smith E. Guideline-Directed Low-Density Lipoprotein Management in High-Risk Patients With Ischemic Stroke. Stroke 2014, 45: 3343-3351. PMID: 25300975, DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.114.006736.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTransient ischemic attackCoronary artery diseaseHigh-risk patientsTIA/strokeIschemic attackIschemic strokeLDL targetsCardiovascular diseasePrevious stroke/transient ischemic attackStroke/transient ischemic attackConcomitant coronary artery diseasePreexistent coronary artery diseasePrevious TIA/strokePrior TIA/strokePrevious coronary artery diseaseMajor vascular risk factorsLow-density lipoprotein valuesGuidelines-Stroke registryAcute ischemic strokeManagement of dyslipidemiaVascular risk factorsCholesterol-lowering therapyLipoprotein managementRecurrent strokeStroke prevention
2012
Major advances across the spectrum of stroke care
Schwamm L. Major advances across the spectrum of stroke care. Nature Reviews Neurology 2012, 8: 63-64. PMID: 22231192, DOI: 10.1038/nrneurol.2011.225.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2010
Patterns and Predictors of Discharge Statin Prescription Among Hospitalized Patients With Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Ovbiagele B, Schwamm L, Smith E, Hernandez A, Olson D, Pan W, Fonarow G, Saver J. Patterns and Predictors of Discharge Statin Prescription Among Hospitalized Patients With Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Stroke 2010, 41: 2271-2277. PMID: 20724709, DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.110.593228.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDischarge statin prescriptionStatin prescriptionIntracerebral hemorrhageStatin useStatin treatmentPrior stroke/transient ischemic attackStroke/transient ischemic attackCholesterol Levels (SPARCL) trialStatin treatment armsLogistic multivariable regression modelsTransient ischemic attackHemorrhagic stroke riskHigher future riskMultivariable regression modelsGuidelines-StrokeIschemic attackEligible patientsStroke preventionIschemic eventsStroke riskHospitalized patientsHemorrhagic strokeTreatment armsMean ageFemale sexPersistence With Stroke Prevention Medications 3 Months After Hospitalization
Bushnell C, Zimmer L, Pan W, Olson D, Zhao X, Meteleva T, Schwamm L, Ovbiagele B, Williams L, LaBresh K, Peterson E. Persistence With Stroke Prevention Medications 3 Months After Hospitalization. JAMA Neurology 2010, 67: 1456-1463. PMID: 20697032, PMCID: PMC10197116, DOI: 10.1001/archneurol.2010.190.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSecondary prevention medicationsPrevention medicationsLong-term secondary stroke preventionGuidelines-Stroke programStroke prevention medicationsLipid-lowering therapyPatients 18 yearsSecondary stroke preventionTransient ischemic attackMonths of hospitalizationObservational cohort designAmerican Heart AssociationMedication-taking behaviorCombination of patientQuality of lifeSystem-level factorsAntihypertensive therapyIschemic attackAntiplatelet therapyDiabetes medicationsMedication classesStroke preventionAcute strokeHospital dischargeIschemic strokeStroke: working toward a prioritized world agenda
Hachinski V, Donnan G, Gorelick P, Hacke W, Cramer S, Kaste M, Fisher M, Brainin M, Buchan A, Lo E, Skolnick B, Furie K, Hankey G, Kivipelto M, Morris J, Rothwell P, Sacco R, Smith S, Wang Y, Bryer A, Ford G, Iadecola C, Martins S, Saver J, Skvortsova V, Bayley M, Bednar M, Duncan P, Enney L, Finklestein S, Jones T, Kalra L, Kleim J, Nitkin R, Teasell R, Weiller C, Desai B, Goldberg M, Heiss W, Saarelma O, Schwamm L, Shinohara Y, Trivedi B, Wahlgren N, Wong L, Hakim A, Norrving B, Prudhomme S, Bornstein N, Davis S, Goldstein L, Leys D, Tuomilehto J. Stroke: working toward a prioritized world agenda. International Journal Of Stroke 2010, 5: 238-256. PMID: 20636706, PMCID: PMC3712839, DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-4949.2010.00442.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsStroke careChronic disease prevention initiativeStroke-related informationEmergency stroke careDisease prevention initiativesPublic health communication strategiesConsequences of strokeRigorous clinical researchHealth communication strategiesStroke preventionStroke centersStroke unitClinical strokeSubclinical strokeBrain recoveryCerebrovascular diseaseStroke recoveryBrain healthPoststroke rehabilitationTelestroke networkClinical careHuman studiesEpidemiological disciplinesSurrogate assessmentStrokeStroke: Working Toward a Prioritized World Agenda
Hachinski V, Donnan G, Gorelick P, Hacke W, Cramer S, Kaste M, Fisher M, Brainin M, Buchan A, Lo E, Skolnick B, Furie K, Hankey G, Kivipelto M, Morris J, Rothwell P, Sacco R, Smith S, Wang Y, Bryer A, Ford G, Iadecola C, Martins S, Saver J, Skvortsova V, Bayley M, Bednar M, Duncan P, Enney L, Finklestein S, Jones T, Kalra L, Kleim J, Nitkin R, Teasell R, Weiller C, Desai B, Goldberg M, Heiss W, Saarelma O, Schwamm L, Shinohara Y, Trivedi B, Wahlgren N, Wong L, Hakim A, Norrving B, Prudhomme S, Bornstein N, Davis S, Goldstein L, Leys D, Tuomilehto J. Stroke: Working Toward a Prioritized World Agenda. Stroke 2010, 41: 1084-1099. PMID: 20498453, PMCID: PMC3712843, DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.110.586156.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsStroke careChronic disease prevention initiativeStroke-related informationEmergency stroke careDisease prevention initiativesPublic health communication strategiesConsequences of strokeRigorous clinical researchHealth communication strategiesStroke preventionStroke centersStroke unitClinical strokeSubclinical strokeBrain recoveryCerebrovascular diseaseStroke recoveryBrain healthPoststroke rehabilitationTelestroke networkClinical careHuman studiesEpidemiological disciplinesSurrogate assessmentStrokeRecent Nationwide Trends in Discharge Statin Treatment of Hospitalized Patients With Stroke
Ovbiagele B, Schwamm L, Smith E, Hernandez A, Olson D, Pan W, Fonarow G, Saver J. Recent Nationwide Trends in Discharge Statin Treatment of Hospitalized Patients With Stroke. Stroke 2010, 41: 1508-1513. PMID: 20508182, DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.109.573618.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTransient ischemic attackDischarge statin prescriptionIschemic attackStatin treatmentStatin useStatin prescriptionRecent nationwide trendsNationwide trendsCholesterol Levels (SPARCL) trialEligible patientsGuidelines-StrokeStroke preventionAcute strokeIschemic strokeVascular riskHospitalized patientsAtherosclerotic strokeFemale sexNonsignificant increasePatientsClinical practiceStrokeStudy periodAggressive reductionTreatmentStroke: Working toward a Prioritized World Agenda
Hachinski V, Donnan G, Gorelick P, Hacke W, Cramer S, Kaste M, Fisher M, Brainin M, Buchan A, Lo E, Skolnick B, Furie K, Hankey G, Kivipelto M, Morris J, Rothwell P, Sacco R, Smith S, Wang Y, Bryer A, Ford G, Iadecola C, Martins S, Saver J, Skvortsova V, Bayley M, Bednar M, Duncan P, Enney L, Finklestein S, Jones T, Kalra L, Kleim J, Nitkin R, Teasell R, Weiller C, Desai B, Goldberg M, Heiss W, Saarelma O, Schwamm L, Shinohara Y, Trivedi B, Wahlgren N, Wong L, Hakim A, Norrving B, Prudhomme S, Bornstein N, Davis S, Goldstein L, Leys D, Tuomilehto J. Stroke: Working toward a Prioritized World Agenda. Cerebrovascular Diseases 2010, 30: 127-147. PMID: 20516682, PMCID: PMC3221270, DOI: 10.1159/000315099.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsStroke careChronic disease prevention initiativeStroke-related informationEmergency stroke careDisease prevention initiativesPublic health communication strategiesConsequences of strokeRigorous clinical researchHealth communication strategiesStroke preventionStroke centersStroke unitClinical strokeSubclinical strokeBrain recoveryCerebrovascular diseaseStroke recoveryBrain healthPoststroke rehabilitationTelestroke networkClinical careHuman studiesEpidemiological disciplinesSurrogate assessmentStroke
2009
Telestroke: Scientific Results
Audebert H, Schwamm L. Telestroke: Scientific Results. Cerebrovascular Diseases 2009, 27: 15-20. PMID: 19546537, DOI: 10.1159/000213054.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsStroke careStroke patientsAcute stroke treatment decisionsPost-stroke careTriage of patientsTelephone-based consultationsUse of telemedicineVideo examinationIntravenous thrombolysisStroke preventionStroke wardAcute strokeClinical outcomesNeurological assessmentInterventional treatmentTreatment decisionsApplication of telemedicineTelemedicine consultationsBrain scansPatientsUnderserved areasHigh-quality videoconferencingThrombolysisCareHospital
2008
Differential Use of Warfarin for Secondary Stroke Prevention in Patients With Various Types of Atrial Fibrillation
Lewis W, Fonarow G, LaBresh K, Cannon C, Pan W, Super D, Sorof S, Schwamm L. Differential Use of Warfarin for Secondary Stroke Prevention in Patients With Various Types of Atrial Fibrillation. The American Journal Of Cardiology 2008, 103: 227-231. PMID: 19121441, PMCID: PMC3086549, DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2008.08.062.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsECG-documented atrial fibrillationType of AFAtrial fibrillationQuality Improvement ProgramEligible patientsStroke preventionHistory of AFForm of AFSuch high-risk groupsSecondary stroke preventionTransient ischemic attackParoxysmal atrial fibrillationHigh-risk groupAnticoagulation guidelinesIschemic attackWarfarin useAnticoagulation therapyThromboembolic eventsElderly patientsHospital dischargeIschemic strokePresent admissionWarfarin therapyWarfarin treatmentMedical history