2024
COVID‐19 Infection Is Associated With Poor Outcomes in Patients With Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Renedo D, Leasure A, Young R, Rivier C, Alhanti B, Mac Grory B, Messe S, Reeves M, Hassan A, Schwamm L, de Havenon A, Matouk C, Sheth K, Falcone G. COVID‐19 Infection Is Associated With Poor Outcomes in Patients With Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Journal Of The American Heart Association 2024, 13: e030999. PMID: 38293940, PMCID: PMC11056169, DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.030999.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOdds of poor outcomeIntracerebral hemorrhageCOVID-19 infectionPoor outcomeHealth care deliverySkilled nursing facilityMultivariate analysisOdds of mortalityConcomitant COVID-19 infectionAssociated with poor outcomesCare deliveryNursing facilitiesPoor functional outcomeCOVID-19OddsICH outcomeImpact of COVID-19No significant differenceObservational studyHemorrhagic strokeWorsen outcomesPatient populationFunctional outcomesStroke dataPatients
2021
Clinical Characteristics, Management, and In-Hospital Outcomes in Patients With Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack in China
Gu H, Yang X, Wang C, Zhao X, Wang Y, Liu L, Meng X, Jiang Y, Li H, Liu C, Wangqin R, Fonarow G, Schwamm L, Xian Y, Li Z, Wang Y. Clinical Characteristics, Management, and In-Hospital Outcomes in Patients With Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack in China. JAMA Network Open 2021, 4: e2120745. PMID: 34387677, PMCID: PMC8363916, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.20745.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTransient ischemic attackChinese Stroke Center AllianceMajor adverse cardiovascular eventsHospital clinical outcomesQuality improvement studyIschemic strokeIntracerebral hemorrhageIschemic attackClinical characteristicsClinical outcomesPoor outcomeIntravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activatorTemporal improvementRecombinant tissue plasminogen activatorAdverse cardiovascular eventsIn-Hospital OutcomesUse of anticoagulantsComposite scoreImprovement studyTissue plasminogen activatorMean composite scoreHealth care systemHospital complicationsTIA admissionsTIA careAssociation Between Hospital Volumes and Clinical Outcomes for Patients With Nontraumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Leifer D, Fonarow G, Hellkamp A, Baker D, Hoh B, Prabhakaran S, Schoeberl M, Suter R, Washington C, Williams S, Xian Y, Schwamm L. Association Between Hospital Volumes and Clinical Outcomes for Patients With Nontraumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Journal Of The American Heart Association 2021, 10: e018373. PMID: 34325522, PMCID: PMC8475679, DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.018373.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAnnual case volumeComprehensive Stroke Center (CSC) certificationStroke center certificationNational Inpatient SampleSubarachnoid hemorrhageNontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhageCase volumeHospital mortalityClinical outcomesPoor outcomeCenter certificationSAH casesBetter outcomesVolume thresholdHospital annual case volumeHospital case volumeCases/yearBackground Previous studiesLogistic regression modelsSAH hospitalizationsHospital volumeAneurysm obliterationInpatient SampleOdds ratioImproved outcomes
2018
Shock Index Predicts Patient‐Related Clinical Outcomes in Stroke
Myint P, Sheng S, Xian Y, Matsouaka R, Reeves M, Saver J, Bhatt D, Fonarow G, Schwamm L, Smith E. Shock Index Predicts Patient‐Related Clinical Outcomes in Stroke. Journal Of The American Heart Association 2018, 7: e007581. PMID: 30371191, PMCID: PMC6222962, DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.007581.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsShock indexClinical outcomesWorse outcomesPatient-related clinical outcomesHealth Stroke ScaleBlood pressure componentsAcute stroke casesRankin Scale scoreSystolic blood pressureUseful prognostic indicatorMortality prediction modelIndividual stroke subtypesLinear spline modelsHospital mortalityHospital outcomesHospital stayStroke ScaleAcute strokeDischarge destinationBlood pressureStroke subtypesPoint of carePoor outcomePrognostic valueStroke cases
2016
Baseline Predictors of Poor Outcome in Patients Too Good to Treat With Intravenous Thrombolysis
Ali S, Siddiqui K, Ay H, Silverman S, Singhal A, Viswanathan A, Rost N, Lev M, Schwamm L. Baseline Predictors of Poor Outcome in Patients Too Good to Treat With Intravenous Thrombolysis. Stroke 2016, 47: 2986-2992. PMID: 27834750, DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.116.014871.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntravenous tissue-type plasminogen activatorHealth Stroke ScaleTissue-type plasminogen activatorPoor outcomeIntravenous thrombolysisStroke ScaleMultivariable analysisPlasminogen activatorHigher median National InstitutesConsecutive stroke admissionsCurrent safety profileGuidelines-Stroke databaseInitial National InstitutesMedian National InstitutesThird of patientsVascular risk factorsNational InstituteSkilled nursing facilitiesMultifocal infarctionPoor collateralsStroke admissionsImaging predictorsInpatient rehabilitationSafety profileImaging featuresSex and Age Interactions and Differences in Outcomes After Intracerebral Hemorrhage
James M, Cox M, Xian Y, Smith E, Bhatt D, Schulte P, Hernandez A, Fonarow G, Schwamm L. Sex and Age Interactions and Differences in Outcomes After Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Journal Of Women's Health 2016, 26: 380-388. PMID: 27754758, DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2016.5849.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntracerebral hemorrhageSex-based interactionsTotal study populationWorse neurological deficitsAge/sexSex differencesAntiplatelet therapyHospital mortalityIschemic strokeNeurological deficitsPatient ageIndependent ambulationICH patientsStroke databaseAtrial fibrillationEarly outcomesPoor outcomeStudy populationCholesterol reducersLogistic regressionWomenTreatment differencesAgeMenHemorrhage
2015
Association of Acute and Chronic Hyperglycemia With Acute Ischemic Stroke Outcomes Post‐Thrombolysis: Findings From Get With The Guidelines‐Stroke
Masrur S, Cox M, Bhatt D, Smith E, Ellrodt G, Fonarow G, Schwamm L. Association of Acute and Chronic Hyperglycemia With Acute Ischemic Stroke Outcomes Post‐Thrombolysis: Findings From Get With The Guidelines‐Stroke. Journal Of The American Heart Association 2015, 4: e002193. PMID: 26408015, PMCID: PMC4845108, DOI: 10.1161/jaha.115.002193.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAcute DiseaseAgedAged, 80 and overBiomarkersBlood GlucoseBrain IschemiaChi-Square DistributionChronic DiseaseFemaleFibrinolytic AgentsGlycated HemoglobinGuideline AdherenceHospital MortalityHumansHyperglycemiaLength of StayLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisOdds RatioPractice Guidelines as TopicPractice Patterns, Physicians'RegistriesRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsStrokeThrombolytic TherapyTime FactorsTissue Plasminogen ActivatorTreatment OutcomeUnited StatesConceptsTissue plasminogen activatorAssociation of acuteAcute ischemic strokeHistory of diabetesWorse clinical outcomesChronic hyperglycemiaClinical outcomesGuidelines-StrokeHospital mortalityAIS patientsBlood glucoseGlucose levelsPlasma glucose levelsBlood glucose levelsAdmission glucoseNondiabetic patientsPost thrombolysisIschemic strokeAcute hyperglycemiaDL increaseAcute correctionPoor outcomeAdverse outcomesOdds ratioHyperglycemia
2014
Combining MRI with NIHSS Thresholds to Predict Outcome in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Value for Patient Selection
Schaefer P, Pulli B, Copen W, Hirsch J, Leslie-Mazwi T, Schwamm L, Wu O, González R, Yoo A. Combining MRI with NIHSS Thresholds to Predict Outcome in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Value for Patient Selection. American Journal Of Neuroradiology 2014, 36: 259-264. PMID: 25258369, PMCID: PMC4462135, DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4103.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedBrainBrain IschemiaCerebral InfarctionDiffusion Magnetic Resonance ImagingFemaleHumansImage Processing, Computer-AssistedMaleMiddle AgedNational Institutes of Health (U.S.)Patient SelectionPrognosisReperfusionROC CurveSensitivity and SpecificitySeverity of Illness IndexStrokeUnited StatesConceptsPositive predictive valueAcute ischemic strokeLarge patient cohortReperfusion therapyPoor outcomeStroke sidePredictive valueNIHSS scoreIschemic strokeClinical outcomesPatient cohortPrognostic yieldAnterior circulation acute ischemic strokeAcute ischemic stroke patientsImaging thresholdsBeneficial treatment responseDiffusion-perfusion mismatchHigh positive predictive valueIschemic stroke patientsRight-sided strokeLeft-sided strokeUntreated patientsStroke onsetConsecutive patientsPatient selection
2012
Elderly Patients Are at Higher Risk for Poor Outcomes After Intra-Arterial Therapy
Chandra R, Leslie-Mazwi T, Oh D, Chaudhry Z, Mehta B, Rost N, Rabinov J, Hirsch J, González R, Schwamm L, Yoo A. Elderly Patients Are at Higher Risk for Poor Outcomes After Intra-Arterial Therapy. Stroke 2012, 43: 2356-2361. PMID: 22744644, DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.112.650713.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAge FactorsAgedAged, 80 and overAngioplasty, BalloonCerebral InfarctionCohort StudiesEndovascular ProceduresEndpoint DeterminationFemaleFibrinolytic AgentsHumansInjections, Intra-ArterialMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesReperfusionRiskStentsStrokeThrombolytic TherapyTissue Plasminogen ActivatorTomography, X-Ray ComputedTreatment OutcomeConceptsIntra-arterial therapyParenchymal hematoma type 2Elderly patientsBaseline disabilityClinical outcomesBaseline healthType 2Cerebral infarction 2Worse baseline healthElderly stroke patientsRankin Scale scoreWorse clinical outcomesCoronary artery diseaseAngiographic reperfusionBaseline demographicsStroke severityArtery diseaseStroke patientsAtrial fibrillationPoor outcomeSignificant hemorrhageHigh riskReperfusionPatientsBetter outcomesInfarct Volume Is a Pivotal Biomarker After Intra-Arterial Stroke Therapy
Yoo A, Chaudhry Z, Nogueira R, Lev M, Schaefer P, Schwamm L, Hirsch J, González R. Infarct Volume Is a Pivotal Biomarker After Intra-Arterial Stroke Therapy. Stroke 2012, 43: 1323-1330. PMID: 22426317, DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.111.639401.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAge FactorsAgedAged, 80 and overBiomarkersBrain InfarctionCohort StudiesDatabases, FactualFemaleFibrinolytic AgentsHumansInfusions, IntravenousMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedNeuroimagingPredictive Value of TestsProspective StudiesRetrospective StudiesStrokeThrombolytic TherapyTissue Plasminogen ActivatorTomography, X-Ray ComputedTreatment OutcomeConceptsFinal infarct volumeIntra-arterial therapyAcute ischemic strokeInfarct volumeFunctional outcomeBetter outcomesIschemic strokePoor outcomeAnterior circulation acute ischemic strokeScale scoreHealth Stroke Scale scoreMedian admission National InstitutesMedian final infarct volumesLong-term functional outcomeIntra-arterial stroke therapyAdmission National InstitutesProximal artery occlusionStroke Scale scoreOnly independent predictorRankin Scale scoreArtery occlusionProspective cohortRankin ScaleIndependent predictorsClinical outcomes
2011
Prestroke Dementia is Associated With Poor Outcomes After Reperfusion Therapy Among Elderly Stroke Patients
Busl K, Nogueira R, Yoo A, Hirsch J, Schwamm L, Rost N. Prestroke Dementia is Associated With Poor Outcomes After Reperfusion Therapy Among Elderly Stroke Patients. Journal Of Stroke And Cerebrovascular Diseases 2011, 22: 718-724. PMID: 22182760, PMCID: PMC3310930, DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2011.11.005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAge FactorsAged, 80 and overDementiaDisability EvaluationFemaleFibrinolytic AgentsHospicesHospital MortalityHumansInfusions, Intra-ArterialInfusions, IntravenousLogistic ModelsMaleMultivariate AnalysisOdds RatioPatient DischargeRehabilitation CentersRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsSkilled Nursing FacilitiesStrokeThrombolytic TherapyTime FactorsTissue Plasminogen ActivatorTreatment OutcomeConceptsIntra-arterial reperfusion therapyTissue plasminogen activatorReperfusion therapyPrestroke dementiaHospital mortalityDischarge destinationPoor outcomeStroke patientsElderly acute stroke patientsMultivariate logistic regression modelAcute reperfusion therapyGuidelines-Stroke databaseSymptomatic intracranial hemorrhageHealth Stroke ScaleHospital mortality rateAcute stroke patientsPowerful independent predictorVascular risk factorsElderly stroke patientsPresence of dementiaLikelihood of deathYears of ageLogistic regression modelsStroke ScaleSecondary outcomesOutcomes in Mild or Rapidly Improving Stroke Not Treated With Intravenous Recombinant Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator
Smith E, Fonarow G, Reeves M, Cox M, Olson D, Hernandez A, Schwamm L. Outcomes in Mild or Rapidly Improving Stroke Not Treated With Intravenous Recombinant Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator. Stroke 2011, 42: 3110-3115. PMID: 21903949, DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.111.613208.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRecombinant tissue-type plasminogen activatorIntravenous recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activatorHealth Stroke Scale scoreStroke Scale scoreTissue-type plasminogen activatorHospital dischargePoor outcomeRisk factorsNationwide studyScale scorePoor short-term outcomePlasminogen activatorInitial National InstitutesHigher National InstitutesIschemic stroke patientsLipid-lowering medicationsVascular risk factorsMultivariable-adjusted analysesShort-term outcomesStroke-related disabilityLarge nationwide studyNational InstituteReperfusion therapyHome dischargeIndependent predictors
2010
Combining Acute Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and Mean Transmit Time Lesion Volumes With National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale Score Improves the Prediction of Acute Stroke Outcome
Yoo A, Barak E, Copen W, Kamalian S, Gharai L, Pervez M, Schwamm L, González R, Schaefer P. Combining Acute Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and Mean Transmit Time Lesion Volumes With National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale Score Improves the Prediction of Acute Stroke Outcome. Stroke 2010, 41: 1728-1735. PMID: 20595665, DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.110.582874.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overBrainBrain IschemiaDiffusion Magnetic Resonance ImagingFemaleHumansImage Processing, Computer-AssistedMaleMiddle AgedNational Institutes of Health (U.S.)Predictive Value of TestsPrognosisROC CurveSeverity of Illness IndexStatistics, NonparametricStrokeTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeUnited StatesConceptsAcute diffusion-weighted imagingDiffusion-weighted imagingAcute ischemic strokeNIHSS scorePoor outcomeLesion volumeIschemic strokeRankin ScaleBetter outcomesHealth Stroke Scale scoreAcute stroke outcomeDWI lesion volumeBaseline NIHSS scoreHealth Stroke ScaleStroke Scale scoreLower NIHSS scoreModified Rankin ScaleNational InstituteQuantitative diffusion-weighted imagingMTT volumesStroke ScaleStroke outcomeSymptom onsetClinical outcomesPrognostic yield
2005
Poor Outcomes in Patients Who Do Not Receive Intravenous Tissue Plasminogen Activator Because of Mild or Improving Ischemic Stroke
Smith E, Abdullah A, Petkovska I, Rosenthal E, Koroshetz W, Schwamm L. Poor Outcomes in Patients Who Do Not Receive Intravenous Tissue Plasminogen Activator Because of Mild or Improving Ischemic Stroke. Stroke 2005, 36: 2497-2499. PMID: 16210552, DOI: 10.1161/01.str.0000185798.78817.f3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntravenous tissue plasminogen activatorTissue plasminogen activatorNeurological worseningPoor outcomeHealth Stroke Scale scoreProspective single-center studyPlasminogen activatorStroke Scale scoreSingle-center studyIschemic stroke symptomsTPA eligibilityHome dischargeIschemic strokeNeurological deficitsSymptom onsetStroke symptomsSeverity criteriaPatientsScale scoreNational InstituteSubstantial minoritySymptomsStrokeWorseningOutcomesHypoattenuation on CT angiographic source images predicts risk of intracerebral hemorrhage and outcome after intra-arterial reperfusion therapy.
Schwamm L, Rosenthal E, Swap C, Rosand J, Rordorf G, Buonanno F, Vangel M, Koroshetz W, Lev M. Hypoattenuation on CT angiographic source images predicts risk of intracerebral hemorrhage and outcome after intra-arterial reperfusion therapy. American Journal Of Neuroradiology 2005, 26: 1798-803. PMID: 16091532, PMCID: PMC7975152.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedArterial Occlusive DiseasesBasilar ArteryCerebral AngiographyCerebral HemorrhageCerebral InfarctionFemaleFibrinolytic AgentsHematomaHumansMaleMiddle AgedMiddle Cerebral ArteryPredictive Value of TestsRetrospective StudiesRisk AssessmentTissue Plasminogen ActivatorTomography, X-Ray ComputedConceptsIntra-arterial reperfusion therapyHemorrhagic transformationPoor clinical outcomeCTA source imagesReperfusion therapyClinical outcomesCT angiographic source imagesCatheter-based reperfusionReal-time risk stratificationSymptomatic hemorrhagic transformationReceiver operator characteristic curveBlood glucose levelsOperator characteristic curveAxial source imagesNormal contralateral tissueConsecutive patientsVascular insufficiencyIntracerebral hemorrhageRisk stratificationStroke patientsPoor outcomeSignificant complicationsRisk factorsContralateral tissueLesion volume
2001
Fever in subarachnoid hemorrhage
Oliveira–Filho J, Ezzeddine M, Segal A, Buonanno F, Chang Y, Ogilvy C, Rordorf G, Schwamm L, Koroshetz W, McDonald C. Fever in subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurology 2001, 56: 1299-1304. PMID: 11376177, DOI: 10.1212/wnl.56.10.1299.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSubarachnoid hemorrhagePoor outcomeTranscranial DopplerNeurologic intensive care unitOlder ageDaily transcranial DopplerGlasgow Coma ScoreHunt-Hess gradeRankin Scale scoreCause of feverIntensive care unitPresence of infectionNontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhageSymptomatic vasospasmCerebral ischemiaComa ScoreConsecutive patientsAngiographic criteriaCare unitBrain injuryHemorrhage severityVasospasmPatientsFeverScale score