2024
Navigating Life after New-onset Refractory Status Epilepticus (NORSE) and Febrile-infection Related Epilepsy Syndrome (FIRES): Insights from Caregiver Interviews (P4-1.015)
Eschbach K, Reedy J, Gofton T, Gopaul M, Farias-Moeller R, Kellogg M, Hirsch L, Wong N, Holliman B. Navigating Life after New-onset Refractory Status Epilepticus (NORSE) and Febrile-infection Related Epilepsy Syndrome (FIRES): Insights from Caregiver Interviews (P4-1.015). Neurology 2024, 102 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000205629.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchNew-onset refractory status epilepticus
2022
International consensus recommendations for management of new onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) including febrile infection‐related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES): Summary and clinical tools
Wickström R, Taraschenko O, Dilena R, Payne ET, Specchio N, Nabbout R, Koh S, Gaspard N, Hirsch LJ, Group T, Auvin S, van Baalen A, Beghi E, Benseler S, Bergin P, Bleck T, Brunklaus A, Caraballo R, Cervenka M, Costello D, Drislane F, Farias‐Moeller R, Gallantine W, Gilmore E, Gofton T, Jimenez M, Hocker S, Kaliakatsos M, Kellogg M, Lee J, Loddenkemper T, Meletti S, Mizugushi M, Muscal E, Riviello J, Rosenthal E, Rossetti A, Ruegg S, Said R, Sculier C, Schmitt S, Schuele S, Stredny C, Trinka E, Wainwright M, VanHaerents S, Wells E, Wirrell E, Zuberi S. International consensus recommendations for management of new onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) including febrile infection‐related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES): Summary and clinical tools. Epilepsia 2022, 63: 2827-2839. PMID: 35951466, PMCID: PMC9826478, DOI: 10.1111/epi.17391.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchFebrile infection-related epilepsy syndromeNew-onset refractory status epilepticusAcute treatmentRecommendation statementMedian scoreRefractory status epilepticusManagement of adultsManagement of patientsPost-acute phaseConsensus-based recommendationsInternational consensus recommendationsBest available evidenceEvidence-based analysisPediatric patientsStatus epilepticusEpilepsy syndromesDisease characteristicsConsensus recommendationsDiagnostic testingClinical toolAvailable evidenceDiagnosisPatientsTreatmentDelphi methodology
2021
How to Help Your Patients Enroll in the New-Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus (NORSE) and Febrile Infection-Related Epilepsy Syndrome (FIRES) Family Registry, and Other Rare Epilepsy Registries
Kazazian K, Kellogg M, Wong N, Eschbach K, Moeller RF, Gaspard N, Hirsch LJ, Hocker S, Gofton T. How to Help Your Patients Enroll in the New-Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus (NORSE) and Febrile Infection-Related Epilepsy Syndrome (FIRES) Family Registry, and Other Rare Epilepsy Registries. Epilepsy Currents 2021, 21: 382-384. PMID: 33769129, PMCID: PMC8655258, DOI: 10.1177/15357597211002869.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchNew-onset refractory status epilepticusRefractory status epilepticusEpilepsy registryFebrile infectionsStatus epilepticusFamily RegistryPatient enrollsRegistryEpilepticusInfectionHow to Help Your Patients Enroll in the New-Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus (NORSE) and Febrile Infection-Related Epilepsy Syndrome (FIRES) Family Registry, and Other Rare Epilepsy Registries.
Kazazian K, Kellogg M, Wong N, Eschbach K, Moeller RF, Gaspard N, Hirsch LJ, Hocker S, Gofton T. How to Help Your Patients Enroll in the New-Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus (NORSE) and Febrile Infection-Related Epilepsy Syndrome (FIRES) Family Registry, and Other Rare Epilepsy Registries. Epilepsy Currents 2021, 1535759721998329. PMID: 33663265, DOI: 10.1177/1535759721998329.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchFebrile infection-related epilepsy syndromeNew-onset refractory status epilepticusRefractory status epilepticusStatus epilepticusFamily RegistryRare clinical presentationPast medical historyQuality of lifeEpilepsy registryFebrile infectionsActive epilepsyDisease courseClinical outcomesClinical presentationEpilepsy syndromesMedical historyNeurologic disordersRigorous research studiesEpilepticusRegistryPatient enrollsFamily membersOutcomesMorbidityEpilepsyPearls and Pitfalls of Introducing Ketogenic Diet in Adult Status Epilepticus: A Practical Guide for the Intensivist
Katz JB, Owusu K, Nussbaum I, Beekman R, DeFilippo NA, Gilmore EJ, Hirsch LJ, Cervenka MC, Maciel CB. Pearls and Pitfalls of Introducing Ketogenic Diet in Adult Status Epilepticus: A Practical Guide for the Intensivist. Journal Of Clinical Medicine 2021, 10: 881. PMID: 33671485, PMCID: PMC7926931, DOI: 10.3390/jcm10040881.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchNew-onset refractory status epilepticusSuper-refractory status epilepticusMagnetic resonance imagingStatus epilepticusIntensive care unitKetogenic dietCryptogenic new-onset refractory status epilepticusCerebral spinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosisUse of KDDiffusion restrictionSerial magnetic resonance imagingAdult status epilepticusHospital day 28Non-ICU unitsSpinal fluid pleocytosisAggressive therapeutic approachRefractory status epilepticusSerum inflammatory markersResolution of edemaBeta-hydroxybutyrate levelsPoor nutritional stateTherapeutic comaBilateral oophorectomyInflammatory markersFebrile illness
2019
Continuous EEG Findings in Autoimmune Encephalitis.
Moise AM, Karakis I, Herlopian A, Dhakar M, Hirsch LJ, Cotsonis G, LaRoche S, Cabrera Kang CM, Westover B, Rodriguez A. Continuous EEG Findings in Autoimmune Encephalitis. Journal Of Clinical Neurophysiology 2019, 38: 124-129. PMID: 31800465, PMCID: PMC7263965, DOI: 10.1097/wnp.0000000000000654.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNew-onset refractory status epilepticusRefractory status epilepticusRhythmic delta activityGeneralized rhythmic delta activityAutoimmune encephalitisStatus epilepticusDelta activityPoor outcomeAE subtypeFast activityAntibody-negative autoimmune encephalitisN-methyl-D-aspartate receptorsDefinite limbic encephalitisExtreme delta brushMulticenter retrospective reviewNew-onset seizuresContinuous EEG monitoringGlutamic acid decarboxylaseVoltage-gated potassium channelsLimbic encephalitisRetrospective reviewAE patientsElectrographic seizuresDelta brushEEG findingsCommunication Challenges: A Spotlight on New-Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus
Gofton TE, Wong N, Hirsch LJ, Hocker SE. Communication Challenges: A Spotlight on New-Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 2019, 94: 857-863. PMID: 30935709, DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2018.12.004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNew-onset refractory status epilepticusRefractory status epilepticusClinical courseStatus epilepticusCritical care supportPalliative care servicesHealth care team membersUnpredictable clinical courseContinuity of careCare team membersCurative intentHealthy patientsDevastating conditionOngoing therapyResponsible physicianMultiple specialistsCare servicesCare supportMedical teamPatientsIndividual hospitalsYoung adultsEpilepticusEarly involvementCareNew onset refractory status epilepticus research: What is on the horizon?
Gofton TE, Gaspard N, Hocker SE, Loddenkemper T, Hirsch LJ. New onset refractory status epilepticus research: What is on the horizon? Neurology 2019, 92: 802-810. PMID: 30894443, DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000007322.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNew-onset refractory status epilepticusRefractory status epilepticusStatus epilepticusFebrile infection-related epilepsy syndromeMore rescue medicationsRescue medicationNew onsetActive epilepsyClinical featuresClinical presentationEpilepsy syndromesMetabolic causesNeurologic disordersPediatric EvaluationSpecific diagnosisAge groupsEpilepticusFamily supportFuture collaborative researchMedicationsPatientsFeverEpilepsyPathophysiologySyndrome
2018
New‐onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) and febrile infection–related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES): State of the art and perspectives
Gaspard N, Hirsch LJ, Sculier C, Loddenkemper T, van Baalen A, Lancrenon J, Emmery M, Specchio N, Farias‐Moeller R, Wong N, Nabbout R. New‐onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) and febrile infection–related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES): State of the art and perspectives. Epilepsia 2018, 59: 745-752. PMID: 29476535, DOI: 10.1111/epi.14022.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNew-onset refractory status epilepticusFebrile infection-related epilepsy syndromeRefractory status epilepticusStatus epilepticusCytokine-mediated mechanismOptimal treatment optionsAdult-onset formStrong scientific evidenceStandardized consensus definitionsMulticenter registryPrompt treatmentKetogenic dietUncontrolled trialsEpilepsy syndromesImmune therapyTreatment optionsEarly recognitionClinical careConsensus definitionClinical situationsPatient careEpilepticusStandardized definitionsElectroencephalography featuresScientific evidenceProposed consensus definitions for new‐onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE), febrile infection‐related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES), and related conditions
Hirsch LJ, Gaspard N, van Baalen A, Nabbout R, Demeret S, Loddenkemper T, Navarro V, Specchio N, Lagae L, Rossetti AO, Hocker S, Gofton TE, Abend NS, Gilmore EJ, Hahn C, Khosravani H, Rosenow F, Trinka E. Proposed consensus definitions for new‐onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE), febrile infection‐related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES), and related conditions. Epilepsia 2018, 59: 739-744. PMID: 29399791, DOI: 10.1111/epi.14016.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNew-onset refractory status epilepticusFebrile infection-related epilepsy syndromeRefractory status epilepticusStatus epilepticusConsensus definitionEpilepsy syndromesFebrile infectionsCritical Care EEG Monitoring Research ConsortiumSuper-refractory status epilepticusRelated conditionsHemiconvulsion-HemiplegiaNew onsetActive epilepsyImproved communicationClinical presentationNeurocritical careMetabolic causesPediatric expertsEpilepticusRelevant neurological disordersConsensus conferenceSpecific diagnosisNeurological disordersMulticenter researchSyndrome
2015
New-onset refractory status epilepticus
Gaspard N, Foreman BP, Alvarez V, Cabrera Kang C, Probasco JC, Jongeling AC, Meyers E, Espinera A, Haas KF, Schmitt SE, Gerard EE, Gofton T, Kaplan PW, Lee JW, Legros B, Szaflarski JP, Westover BM, LaRoche SM, Hirsch LJ, Fertig E, Herman S, Huh L, Lee J, Loddenkemper T, Chapman K, Abend N, Carpenter J, Hantus S, Claassen J, Husain A, Gaspard N, LaRoche S, Ritzl E, Gofton T, Wusthoff C, Goldstein J, Westover B, Hocker S, Halford J, Jones J, Gerard E, Schmitt S, Williams K, Hahn C, Szaflarski J, Kramer A, Rudzinski L, Hopp J, Mani R, Kalamangalam G, Gupta P, Quigg M, Haas K, Ostendorf A, Zutshi D, Hirsch L. New-onset refractory status epilepticus. Neurology 2015, 85: 1604-1613. PMID: 26296517, PMCID: PMC4642147, DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000001940.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAnestheticsAnticonvulsantsAnti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor EncephalitisAutoantibodiesCohort StudiesEncephalitisEncephalitis, Herpes SimplexFemaleHashimoto DiseaseHumansLength of StayMaleMiddle AgedParaneoplastic Syndromes, Nervous SystemPotassium Channels, Voltage-GatedPrognosisRetrospective StudiesStatus EpilepticusTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeYoung AdultConceptsNew-onset refractory status epilepticusRefractory status epilepticusStatus epilepticusPoor outcomeTherapy warrants further investigationInflammatory CSF changesHours of admissionPrimary outcome measurePoor functional outcomePredictors of outcomeAcademic medical centerWarrants further investigationUse of anestheticsRole of anestheticsAutoimmune encephalitisAntiseizure medicationsCryptogenic casesParaneoplastic encephalitisMedical complicationsRetrospective reviewAvailable followClinical featuresImmune therapyFunctional outcomeFunctional status