Featured Publications
Factors influencing the decision to receive seasonal influenza vaccination among US corporate non-healthcare workers
Aguolu OG, Willebrand K, Elharake JA, Qureshi HM, Kiti MC, Liu CY, Mesa A, Nelson K, Jenness S, Melegaro A, Ahmed F, Yildirim I, Malik FA, Lopman B, Omer SB. Factors influencing the decision to receive seasonal influenza vaccination among US corporate non-healthcare workers. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics 2022, 18: 2122379. PMID: 36136345, PMCID: PMC9746537, DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2122379.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInfluenza vaccinationNon-healthcare workersInfluenza vaccinePromotion messagesWorkplace vaccination programsSeasonal influenza vaccinationInfluenza vaccine acceptancePublic health authoritiesLogistic regression modelsInfluenza seasonPhysician recommendationVaccination acceptanceVaccine accessibilityVaccine acceptanceSevere outcomesVaccination programPromotion interventionsUS adultsWork absenceVaccinationVaccination decisionsHealth authoritiesSignificant mortalityUnderstanding predictorsSignificant predictors
2024
Development and comparison of immunologic assays to detect primary RSV infections in infants
Anderson L, Jadhao S, Hussaini L, Ha B, McCracken C, Gibson T, Yildirim I, Yi J, Stephens K, Korski C, Kao C, Sun H, Lee C, Jaunarajs A, Rostad C, Anderson E. Development and comparison of immunologic assays to detect primary RSV infections in infants. Frontiers In Immunology 2024, 14: 1332772. PMID: 38283339, PMCID: PMC10811012, DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1332772.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRespiratory syncytial virusIgG enzyme immunoassayNeutralizing antibody assaysELISPOT assayAntibody assayRSV antibodiesEnzyme immunoassayRSV infectionSubgroup ARespiratory syncytial virus seasonDocumented RSV infectionPrimary RSV infectionEffective respiratory syncytial virusVaccine clinical trialsEvidence of past infectionEpidemiological studiesRed cell lysisYoung childrenMaternal microchimerismPBMC specimensPregnant womenIFN-gSyncytial virusAntibody enzyme immunoassayELISPOT
2022
No evidence of fetal defects or anti-syncytin-1 antibody induction following COVID-19 mRNA vaccination
Lu-Culligan A, Tabachnikova A, Pérez-Then E, Tokuyama M, Lee HJ, Lucas C, Monteiro V, Miric M, Brache V, Cochon L, Muenker MC, Mohanty S, Huang J, Kang I, Dela Cruz C, Farhadian S, Campbell M, Yildirim I, Shaw AC, Ma S, Vermund SH, Ko AI, Omer SB, Iwasaki A. No evidence of fetal defects or anti-syncytin-1 antibody induction following COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. PLOS Biology 2022, 20: e3001506. PMID: 35609110, PMCID: PMC9129011, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001506.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCOVID-19 mRNA vaccinationMRNA vaccinationEarly pregnancyFetal sizeCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccinationSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Maternal antibody statusAdverse neonatal outcomesSyndrome coronavirus 2Birth defectsPolyinosinic-polycytidylic acidCrown-rump lengthGross birth defectsUnvaccinated adultsMaternal illnessNeonatal outcomesVaccinated adultsAntibody statusTLR3 agonistEarly immunizationMurine pregnancyAntibody inductionCoronavirus 2Association of Child Masking With COVID-19–Related Closures in US Childcare Programs
Murray TS, Malik AA, Shafiq M, Lee A, Harris C, Klotz M, Humphries JE, Patel KM, Wilkinson D, Yildirim I, Elharake JA, Diaz R, Reyes C, Omer SB, Gilliam WS. Association of Child Masking With COVID-19–Related Closures in US Childcare Programs. JAMA Network Open 2022, 5: e2141227. PMID: 35084484, PMCID: PMC8796014, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.41227.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCOVID-19 casesLower riskImportant public health policy implicationsCOVID-19-related closuresPublic health policy implicationsChildren 2 yearsElectronic survey studyCenter-based childcare programsHealth policy implicationsSARS-CoV-2Survey studyChildcare professionalsMAIN OUTCOMEProgram closureHealth policyStudy periodRobust SEsBaselineChildcare programsCOVID-19Young childrenChildcare settingsChildrenPhysical distancingAssociation
2021
Bloodstream Infections in Children With Sickle Cell Disease: 2010-2019.
Yee ME, Lai KW, Bakshi N, Grossman JK, Jaggi P, Mallis A, Wang YF, Jerris RC, Lane PA, Yildirim I. Bloodstream Infections in Children With Sickle Cell Disease: 2010-2019. Pediatrics 2021, 149 PMID: 34913059, PMCID: PMC8959248, DOI: 10.1542/peds.2021-051892.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSickle cell diseaseBloodstream infectionsBlood culturesSickle cell anemia genotypesRetrospective cohort studyInvasive bacterial infectionsMultivariate logistic regressionConfidence intervalsAverage incidence rateSpectrum of pathogensAntibiotic prophylaxisEligible patientsFunctional aspleniaBSI episodesCohort studyChronic transfusionMedian ageAnnual incidenceOverall incidenceRisk factorsIncidence rateCell diseaseEmpirical treatmentBordetella holmesiiCommon pathogensImpact of circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants on mRNA vaccine-induced immunity
Lucas C, Vogels CBF, Yildirim I, Rothman JE, Lu P, Monteiro V, Gehlhausen JR, Campbell M, Silva J, Tabachnikova A, Peña-Hernandez MA, Muenker MC, Breban MI, Fauver JR, Mohanty S, Huang J, Shaw A, Ko A, Omer S, Grubaugh N, Iwasaki A. Impact of circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants on mRNA vaccine-induced immunity. Nature 2021, 600: 523-529. PMID: 34634791, PMCID: PMC9348899, DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04085-y.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSARS-CoV-2 variantsMRNA vaccine-induced immunityT-cell activation markersSARS-CoV-2 antibodiesSecond vaccine doseVaccine-induced immunityCell activation markersT cell responsesHigh antibody titresSARS-CoV-2Vaccine boosterVaccine doseActivation markersVaccine dosesHumoral immunityAntibody titresMRNA vaccinesVitro stimulationNeutralization capacityNeutralization responseCell responsesE484KNucleocapsid peptideAntibody-binding sitesGreater reductionRespiratory Syncytial Virus–Associated Mortality Among Young Infants in Karachi, Pakistan: A Prospective Postmortem Surveillance Study
Kazi AM, Aguolu OG, Mughis W, Ahsan N, Jamal S, Khan A, Qureshi HM, Yildirim I, Malik FA, Omer SB. Respiratory Syncytial Virus–Associated Mortality Among Young Infants in Karachi, Pakistan: A Prospective Postmortem Surveillance Study. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2021, 73: s203-s209. PMID: 34472574, PMCID: PMC8411247, DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab488.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRespiratory syncytial virusRespiratory symptomsInfant deathRSV seasonalityRole of RSVYoung infantsPresence of RSVMultivariable logistic regression analysisMaternal immunization strategiesSignificant mortality burdenVaccine-hesitant populationYoung infant deathsMultivariable logistic regressionCold-like symptomsSignificant predictorsLogistic regression analysisPostneonatal ageRSV mortalityRSV seasonMaternal immunizationInfant morbidityNasopharyngeal specimensNasopharyngeal swabsSyncytial virusRespiratory illnessA Retrospective Test-Negative Case-Control Study to Evaluate Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in Preventing Hospitalizations in Children
Yildirim I, Kao CM, Tippett A, Suntarattiwong P, Munye M, Yi J, Elmontser M, Quincer E, Focht C, Watson N, Bilen H, Baker JM, Lopman B, Hogenesch E, Rostad CA, Anderson EJ. A Retrospective Test-Negative Case-Control Study to Evaluate Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in Preventing Hospitalizations in Children. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2021, 73: 1759-1767. PMID: 34410341, PMCID: PMC8599178, DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab709.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInfluenza vaccine effectivenessInfluenza-positive casesInfluenza-related hospitalizationsVaccine effectivenessInfluenza seasonOdds ratioInfluenza ALaboratory-confirmed influenza-related hospitalizationsTest-negative case-control study designAdjusted vaccine effectivenessInfluenza-negative controlsTest-negative controlsCase-control study designHospitalization of childrenTest-negative casesConfidence intervalsNon-Hispanic blacksLogistic regression modelsPreventing HospitalizationInfluenza vaccinationInfluenza burdenMedian ageInfluenza B.Influenza infectionPediatric hospitalizationsDelayed production of neutralizing antibodies correlates with fatal COVID-19
Lucas C, Klein J, Sundaram ME, Liu F, Wong P, Silva J, Mao T, Oh JE, Mohanty S, Huang J, Tokuyama M, Lu P, Venkataraman A, Park A, Israelow B, Vogels CBF, Muenker MC, Chang CH, Casanovas-Massana A, Moore AJ, Zell J, Fournier JB, Wyllie A, Campbell M, Lee A, Chun H, Grubaugh N, Schulz W, Farhadian S, Dela Cruz C, Ring A, Shaw A, Wisnewski A, Yildirim I, Ko A, Omer S, Iwasaki A. Delayed production of neutralizing antibodies correlates with fatal COVID-19. Nature Medicine 2021, 27: 1178-1186. PMID: 33953384, PMCID: PMC8785364, DOI: 10.1038/s41591-021-01355-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDeceased patientsAntibody levelsAntibody responseDisease severityAnti-S IgG levelsCOVID-19 disease outcomesFatal COVID-19Impaired viral controlWorse clinical progressionWorse disease severitySevere COVID-19Length of hospitalizationImmunoglobulin G levelsHumoral immune responseCoronavirus disease 2019COVID-19 mortalityCOVID-19Domain (RBD) IgGSeroconversion kineticsDisease courseIgG levelsClinical parametersClinical progressionHumoral responseDisease onsetClinical Epidemiology and Outcomes of Pediatric Musculoskeletal Infections
Yi J, Wood JB, Creech CB, Williams D, Jimenez-Truque N, Yildirim I, Sederdahl B, Daugherty M, Hussaini L, Munye M, Tomashek KM, Focht C, Watson N, Anderson EJ, Thomsen I. Clinical Epidemiology and Outcomes of Pediatric Musculoskeletal Infections. The Journal Of Pediatrics 2021, 234: 236-244.e2. PMID: 33771580, PMCID: PMC8238832, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.03.028.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAcute DiseaseAdministration, OralAdolescentAnti-Bacterial AgentsArthritis, InfectiousChildChild, PreschoolCombined Modality TherapyFemaleGram-Negative Bacterial InfectionsGram-Positive Bacterial InfectionsHumansInfantLogistic ModelsMaleMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusOrthopedic ProceduresOsteomyelitisRetrospective StudiesStaphylococcal InfectionsTreatment OutcomeUnited StatesConceptsOsteomyelitis/septic arthritisAcute hematogenous osteomyelitisMethicillin-resistant S aureusSeptic arthritisHematogenous osteomyelitisTreatment failureS aureusOral therapyAntibiotic therapyMusculoskeletal infectionsHigher oddsPediatric musculoskeletal infectionsLonger hospital stayOral antibiotic therapyRetrospective cohort studyTreatment-related complicationsTreatment-associated complicationsHospital stayPediatric infectionsCohort studyParenteral therapyTreatment complicationsIntensive careRecurrent infectionsWorse outcomes
2020
Differences in maternal group B Streptococcus screening rates in Latin American countries
HogenEsch E, De Mucio B, Haddad LB, Vilajeliu A, Ropero AM, Yildirim I, Omer SB. Differences in maternal group B Streptococcus screening rates in Latin American countries. Vaccine 2020, 39: b3-b11. PMID: 33308886, DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.10.082.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMaternal GBS screeningMaternal GBS colonizationGBS screeningGBS colonizationScreening ratesPregnant womenGroup B Streptococcus ScreeningMaternal group B StreptococcusLogistic regressionGBS colonization prevalenceIntrapartum antibiotic treatmentMaternal GBS vaccineNeonatal GBS diseaseAdverse neonatal outcomesRetrospective observational studyMaternal age groupsGroup B streptococciDemographic variablesLower ratesGBS prevalenceFinal regression modelGBS diseaseNeonatal outcomesNeonatal sepsisGBS vaccineVaccine‐induced protection against hepatitis B in pediatric solid organ transplant patients
Ball M, Liverman R, Serluco A, Yildirim I. Vaccine‐induced protection against hepatitis B in pediatric solid organ transplant patients. Pediatric Transplantation 2020, 25: e13920. PMID: 33217081, DOI: 10.1111/petr.13920.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsVaccine-induced protectionPediatric solid organ transplant patientsSolid organ transplant patientsOrgan transplant patientsHepatitis B virusHBV vaccinationTransplant patientsHepatitis B surface antibody titerHBV vaccination coverageHBV vaccine seriesPediatric SOT recipientsDetailed chart reviewYears of ageHBsAb titersSeroprotection ratesSOT recipientsHBV infectionTransplanted childrenVaccine seriesChart reviewHepatitis BLaboratory featuresImmunogenicity dataVaccination coverageVaccine immunityThe burden of respiratory syncytial virus infections among children with sickle cell disease
Rostad CA, Maillis AN, Lai K, Bakshi N, Jerris RC, Lane PA, Yee ME, Yildirim I. The burden of respiratory syncytial virus infections among children with sickle cell disease. Pediatric Blood & Cancer 2020, 68: e28759. PMID: 33034160, PMCID: PMC8246443, DOI: 10.1002/pbc.28759.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRespiratory syncytial virusSickle cell diseaseRespiratory viral panelRSV-positive casesRSV infectionAnnual incidenceHospitalization ratesCell diseaseBurden of RSVPediatric lower respiratory tract infectionsLaboratory-confirmed RSV infectionRespiratory syncytial virus infectionRSV-related hospitalization rateLower respiratory tract infectionsRSV positive testRSV-negative childrenRSV-negative patientsAcute chest syndromeSyncytial virus infectionRespiratory tract infectionsAverage annual incidenceMultivariate logistic regressionConfidence intervalsCase-control studyOutcome of childrenMicrobiology and radiographic features of osteomyelitis in children and adolescents with sickle cell disease
Kao CM, Yee ME, Maillis A, Lai K, Bakshi N, Rostad BS, Jerris RC, Lane PA, Yildirim I. Microbiology and radiographic features of osteomyelitis in children and adolescents with sickle cell disease. Pediatric Blood & Cancer 2020, 67: e28517. PMID: 32710705, PMCID: PMC8369475, DOI: 10.1002/pbc.28517.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSickle cell diseaseMethicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureusMagnetic resonance imagingAntibiotic treatmentOperative culturesCell diseaseLarge tertiary pediatric centerPrescribed antibiotic treatmentTertiary pediatric centerCulture-positive casesKey presenting symptomsChildren ages 6Bone painMicrobiologic etiologyPresenting symptomPediatric centersBone infarctsMedical chartsMicrobiologic findingsRadiographic featuresImaging featuresOsteomyelitisProbable osteomyelitisDiagnostic codingTissue debridementInitial posaconazole dosing to achieve therapeutic serum posaconazole concentrations among children, adolescents, and young adults receiving delayed‐release tablet and intravenous posaconazole
Bernardo V, Miles A, Fernandez AJ, Liverman R, Tippett A, Yildirim I. Initial posaconazole dosing to achieve therapeutic serum posaconazole concentrations among children, adolescents, and young adults receiving delayed‐release tablet and intravenous posaconazole. Pediatric Transplantation 2020, 24: e13777. PMID: 32639095, DOI: 10.1111/petr.13777.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsYears of ageMedian daily doseTrough concentrationsDaily dosePlasma concentrationsYoung adultsPlasma trough concentrationsSerum posaconazole concentrationsInvasive fungal diseaseTherapeutic plasma concentrationsDelayed-release tabletsIntravenous posaconazolePosaconazole dosingImmunocompromised childrenPatients 13Optimal dosingBroad-spectrum antifungalsAdolescent patientsPosaconazole concentrationsHigher dosingPatientsBody weightGrade 1ProphylaxisDosingSevere COVID‐19 disease in two pediatric oncology patients
Stokes CL, Patel PA, Sabnis HS, Mitchell SG, Yildirim IB, Pauly MG. Severe COVID‐19 disease in two pediatric oncology patients. Pediatric Blood & Cancer 2020, 67: e28432. PMID: 32779861, PMCID: PMC7361273, DOI: 10.1002/pbc.28432.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSevere Pediatric COVID-19 Presenting With Respiratory Failure and Severe Thrombocytopenia
Patel PA, Chandrakasan S, Mickells GE, Yildirim I, Kao CM, Bennett CM. Severe Pediatric COVID-19 Presenting With Respiratory Failure and Severe Thrombocytopenia. Pediatrics 2020, 146: e20201437. PMID: 32366611, PMCID: PMC7329259, DOI: 10.1542/peds.2020-1437.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSevere acute respiratory distress syndromeSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Syndrome coronavirus 2Coronavirus disease 2019Respiratory failureSevere thrombocytopeniaCoronavirus 2Disease 2019Pediatric coronavirus disease 2019Airway pressure release ventilationAcute respiratory distress syndromeBroad antiviral agentPediatric COVID-19Respiratory distress syndromeUnderlying medical conditionsPast medical historySignificant clinical benefitIntravenous immunoglobulinElevated markersClinical courseDistress syndromePrompt improvementSevere morbidityBrincidofovir for the treatment of human adenovirus infection in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients: A case series
Londeree J, Winterberg PD, Garro R, George RP, Shin S, Liverman R, Serluco A, Romero R, Yildirim I. Brincidofovir for the treatment of human adenovirus infection in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients: A case series. Pediatric Transplantation 2020, 24: e13769. PMID: 32558134, DOI: 10.1111/petr.13769.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPediatric SOT recipientsSOT recipientsCase seriesSevere diseasePediatric solid organ transplant recipientsSolid organ transplant recipientsType of allograftMainstay of treatmentOrgan transplant recipientsSeverity of diseaseHuman adenovirus infectionHAdV diseaseHAdV viremiaPediatric recipientsTransplant recipientsHAdV infectionDisease courseAntiviral therapySignificant morbidityDisease presentationUS FDAAdenovirus infectionBrincidofovirDiseaseRecipientsInfluenza vaccine effectiveness and disease burden in children and adolescents with sickle cell disease: 2012‐2017
Kao CM, Lai K, McAteer JM, Elmontser M, Quincer EM, Yee MEM, Tippet A, Jerris RC, Lane PA, Anderson EJ, Bakshi N, Yildirim I. Influenza vaccine effectiveness and disease burden in children and adolescents with sickle cell disease: 2012‐2017. Pediatric Blood & Cancer 2020, 67: e28358. PMID: 32469138, PMCID: PMC8221251, DOI: 10.1002/pbc.28358.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInfluenza vaccine effectivenessSickle cell diseaseVaccine effectivenessYears of ageInfluenza infectionOdds ratioCell diseaseLaboratory-confirmed influenza infectionSeasonal influenza vaccine effectivenessTest-negative case-control study designAdjusted vaccine effectivenessAdjusted VE estimatesInfluenza-positive casesOverall vaccine effectivenessAcute chest syndromeBurden of influenzaPatients 6 monthsMulticenter prospective studyTest-negative controlsAnnual influenza vaccineCase-control study designConfidence intervalsLogistic regression modelsChest syndromeInfluenza seasonUrinary Tract Infections With Extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing Bacteria: Case-control Study.
Amin O, Prestel C, Gonzalez MD, Lyon T, Shane A, Jaggi P, Tippett A, Yildirim I. Urinary Tract Infections With Extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing Bacteria: Case-control Study. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 2020, 39: 211-216. PMID: 32032306, DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000002531.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUrinary tract infectionESBL-producing bacteriaCase-control studyRisk factorsTract infectionsPrior intensive care unit admissionIntensive care unit admissionPediatric urinary tract infectionCause of UTIClinical signs/symptomsCare unit admissionIndependent risk factorYear of diagnosisΒ-lactamase-producing bacteriaSigns/symptomsCommon bacterial infectionsSpectrum β-lactamasesRational antimicrobial useESBL casesESBL-UTIUnit admissionUnderlying comorbiditiesPrior hospitalizationEmpirical therapyPediatric patients