2023
Adaptive evaluation of mHealth and conventional adherence support interventions to optimize outcomes with new treatment regimens for drug-resistant tuberculosis and HIV in South Africa (ADAP-TIV): study protocol for an adaptive randomized controlled trial
Ross J, Perumal R, Wolf A, Zulu M, Guzman K, Seepamore B, Reis K, Nyilana H, Hlathi S, Narasimmulu R, Cheung Y, Amico K, Friedland G, Daftary A, Zelnick J, Naidoo K, O’Donnell M. Adaptive evaluation of mHealth and conventional adherence support interventions to optimize outcomes with new treatment regimens for drug-resistant tuberculosis and HIV in South Africa (ADAP-TIV): study protocol for an adaptive randomized controlled trial. Trials 2023, 24: 776. PMID: 38037105, PMCID: PMC10691086, DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07520-9.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMultidrug-resistant tuberculosisAdherence support interventionsAntiretroviral therapyTreatment regimensAdherence supportPrimary outcomeTreatment supportPsychosocial supportMDR-TB treatment regimensUndetectable HIV viral loadSupport interventionsIntegrase strand transfer inhibitorsAdherence support strategiesComposite clinical outcomeMDR-TB regimensNegative TB culturesCombination antiretroviral therapyComposite primary outcomeHIV treatment outcomesHIV viral loadDrug-resistant tuberculosisStandard of careNew treatment regimensDifferentiated service deliveryStrand transfer inhibitors
2022
Bedaquiline Adherence Measured by Electronic Dose Monitoring Predicts Clinical Outcomes in the Treatment of Patients With Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS
O'Donnell MR, Padayatchi N, Wolf A, Zelnick J, Daftary A, Orrell C, Nimmo C, Baldwin M, Boodhram R, Maharaj B, Amico KR, Naidoo K, Friedland G. Bedaquiline Adherence Measured by Electronic Dose Monitoring Predicts Clinical Outcomes in the Treatment of Patients With Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2022, 90: 325-332. PMID: 35195572, PMCID: PMC11077859, DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002940.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMDR-TB treatment outcomesResistance-associated variantsTreatment outcomesAntiretroviral therapyMDR-TBART adherenceMultidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatmentHIV treatment outcomesProspective cohort studyMultidrug-resistant tuberculosisEnd of treatmentTreatment of patientsSuccessful treatment outcomeElectronic dose monitoring devicesHIV/AIDSCohort studyClinical outcomesMultivariable analysisNovel regimensMedication adherenceAdherence thresholdTuberculosis treatmentTreatment completionLow adherenceDose monitoringAdherence Measured Using Electronic Dose Monitoring is Associated with Emergent Antiretroviral Resistance and Poor Outcomes in People with Human Immunodeficiency Virus/AIDS and Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis
Bateman M, Wolf A, Chimukangara B, Brust JCM, Lessells R, Amico R, Boodhram R, Singh N, Orrell C, Friedland G, Naidoo K, Padayatchi N, O’Donnell MR. Adherence Measured Using Electronic Dose Monitoring is Associated with Emergent Antiretroviral Resistance and Poor Outcomes in People with Human Immunodeficiency Virus/AIDS and Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2022, 75: 1489-1496. PMID: 35352097, PMCID: PMC9617578, DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac232.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMultidrug-resistant tuberculosisHuman immunodeficiency virusMDR-TB treatmentART adherenceART resistanceHuman immunodeficiency virus/AIDSEmergent resistanceStandard of careResource-limited settingsTB regimensAntiretroviral resistanceHIV RNAProspective cohortMedication adherenceImmunodeficiency virusPoor outcomeShort followAdherence thresholdCopies/Treatment outcomesDose monitoringResistance mutationsResistance testingPublic hospitalsLinear association
2019
Antiretroviral switching and bedaquiline treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis HIV co-infection
O'Donnell MR, Padayatchi N, Daftary A, Orrell C, Dooley KE, Amico K, Friedland G. Antiretroviral switching and bedaquiline treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis HIV co-infection. The Lancet HIV 2019, 6: e201-e204. PMID: 30846058, PMCID: PMC7155388, DOI: 10.1016/s2352-3018(19)30035-9.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDrug-resistant tuberculosisBedaquiline treatmentTuberculosis-HIVLow antiretroviral therapy adherencePotent new therapyAntiretroviral therapy initiationAntiretroviral therapy adherenceEfavirenz-containing regimensFixed-dose combinationAntiretroviral therapy switchMiddle-income settingsDaily nevirapineAdherence supportAntiretroviral resistanceAntiretroviral therapyHIV patientsTherapy initiationViral failureTherapy switchImproved survivalTherapy adherenceDrug interactionsNew therapiesHIVBedaquiline
2018
Pilot evaluation of a second-generation electronic pill box for adherence to Bedaquiline and antiretroviral therapy in drug-resistant TB/HIV co-infected patients in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Bionghi N, Daftary A, Maharaj B, Msibi Z, Amico K, Friedland G, Orrell C, Padayatchi N, O’Donnell M. Pilot evaluation of a second-generation electronic pill box for adherence to Bedaquiline and antiretroviral therapy in drug-resistant TB/HIV co-infected patients in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. BMC Infectious Diseases 2018, 18: 171. PMID: 29642874, PMCID: PMC5896111, DOI: 10.1186/s12879-018-3080-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAnti-retroviral therapySeven-day recallPill countMedication adherenceWisepill deviceTreatment regimensTB/HIV co-infected patientsHIV co-infected adultsHIV co-infected patientsDrug-resistant tuberculosis treatmentCo-infected adultsCo-infected patientsDR-TB treatmentPilot study patientsWeekly pill countsComplex treatment regimensElectronic pill boxesLevel of adherenceTB regimensAdherence supportAntiretroviral therapyHIV patientsStudy patientsMethodsEligible patientsNew antimycobacterial drugs
2017
Turning the tide against tuberculosis
Padayatchi N, Naidu N, Friedland G, Naidoo K, Conradie F, Naidoo K, O’Donnell M. Turning the tide against tuberculosis. International Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2017, 56: 6-9. PMID: 28167256, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2017.01.012.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAntitubercular AgentsBiomedical ResearchFemaleHIV InfectionsHumansMaleResearch Support as TopicTuberculosis, PulmonaryWorld Health Organization
2015
Successful Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes among HIV/TB Coinfected Patients Down-Referred from a District Hospital to Primary Health Clinics in Rural South Africa
Jacobson KB, Moll AP, Friedland GH, Shenoi SV. Successful Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes among HIV/TB Coinfected Patients Down-Referred from a District Hospital to Primary Health Clinics in Rural South Africa. PLOS ONE 2015, 10: e0127024. PMID: 25993636, PMCID: PMC4438008, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127024.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTB treatment outcomesTB/HIVTreatment outcomesHIV clinicDistrict hospitalRetained patientsTreatment completionTreatment successRural South AfricaSuccessful tuberculosis treatment outcomeMajor public health threatDrug-susceptible TBHospital HIV clinicLinkage of careTB treatment completionTB treatment initiationTB treatment servicesTuberculosis treatment outcomesHIV/TBBaseline disease severityNew TB casesPrimary health clinicsPrimary care levelSpecific clinical criteriaHigher treatment successIntegrating Community-Based Interventions to Reverse the Convergent TB/HIV Epidemics in Rural South Africa
Gilbert JA, Long EF, Brooks RP, Friedland GH, Moll AP, Townsend JP, Galvani AP, Shenoi SV. Integrating Community-Based Interventions to Reverse the Convergent TB/HIV Epidemics in Rural South Africa. PLOS ONE 2015, 10: e0126267. PMID: 25938501, PMCID: PMC4418809, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126267.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAnti-HIV AgentsAntitubercular AgentsHIV InfectionsHumansMiddle AgedSouth AfricaTuberculosisYoung AdultConceptsTB/HIVHIV control strategiesMDR-TBXDR-TBHIV deathsHIV casesHIV epidemicRural South AfricaTB/HIV casesTB treatment delayIsoniazid preventive therapyDrug-resistant TBHIV treatment programsTreatment cure ratesHIV case findingHIV control effortsNovel screening programPreventive therapyTB casesTB treatmentTreatment delayHIV transmissionCure rateQuestionnaire's sensitivityScreening program
2014
Minimal Diversity of Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains, South Africa - Volume 20, Number 3—March 2014 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
Gandhi NR, Brust JC, Moodley P, Weissman D, Heo M, Ning Y, Moll AP, Friedland GH, Sturm AW, Shah NS. Minimal Diversity of Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains, South Africa - Volume 20, Number 3—March 2014 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC. Emerging Infectious Diseases 2014, 20: 394-401. PMID: 24565645, PMCID: PMC3944869, DOI: 10.3201/eid2003.131083.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsXDR-TB casesMDR-TBXDR-TBTB casesDrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strainsInfectious Diseases journal - CDCDrug-susceptible TBDrug-resistant tuberculosisNon-Beijing strainsDrug-susceptible isolatesMycobacterium tuberculosis strainsStrain typesStrain prevalenceRetrospective studyHigh incidenceBeijing strainsTuberculosis strainsSpoligotype patternsPredominant strainMultidrugStrongest predictorMortalityTBSurvivalHIVImproved survival in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients receiving integrated tuberculosis and antiretroviral treatment in the SAPiT Trial
Padayatchi N, Abdool Karim SS, Naidoo K, Grobler A, Friedland G. Improved survival in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients receiving integrated tuberculosis and antiretroviral treatment in the SAPiT Trial. The International Journal Of Tuberculosis And Lung Disease 2014, 18: 147-154. PMID: 24429305, PMCID: PMC4770013, DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.13.0627.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMultidrug-resistant tuberculosisMDR-TB patientsSequential treatment armAnti-tuberculosis treatmentAntiretroviral treatmentTreatment armsFirst-line anti-tuberculosis treatmentMultidrug-resistant tuberculosis patientsHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionImmunodeficiency virus infectionOut-patient clinicDrug susceptibility resultsSAPiT trialTuberculosis patientsClinical outcomesEarly initiationTherapeutic effectVirus infectionMortality ratePatientsTherapeutic outcomesSmall sample sizeTreatmentSusceptibility resultsTuberculosis
2013
Chest Radiograph Findings and Time to Culture Conversion in Patients with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis and HIV in Tugela Ferry, South Africa
Brust JC, Berman AR, Zalta B, Haramati LB, Ning Y, Heo M, van der Merwe TL, Bamber S, Moll AP, Friedland GH, Shah NS, Gandhi NR. Chest Radiograph Findings and Time to Culture Conversion in Patients with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis and HIV in Tugela Ferry, South Africa. PLOS ONE 2013, 8: e73975. PMID: 24040132, PMCID: PMC3765317, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073975.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMultidrug-resistant tuberculosisBaseline chest radiographSputum smear statusCulture conversionMajority of patientsCD4 countHilar lymphadenopathySmear statusPleural effusionSputum smearChest radiographsAntiretroviral therapy eraCulture conversion rateMedian CD4 countPercent of patientsChest radiograph findingsEnd of treatmentTherapy eraAdvanced immunodeficiencyCavitary diseaseRadiograph findingsHIV statusRadiographic featuresIndependent associationTreatment outcomesTransmission of Tuberculosis in Resource-Limited Settings
Kompala T, Shenoi SV, Friedland G. Transmission of Tuberculosis in Resource-Limited Settings. Current HIV/AIDS Reports 2013, 10: 264-272. PMID: 23824469, PMCID: PMC3809054, DOI: 10.1007/s11904-013-0164-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAntitubercular AgentsCommunity-Acquired InfectionsCross InfectionHealth FacilitiesHumansSouth AfricaTuberculosisTuberculosis, Multidrug-ResistantConceptsDrug-resistant TBTB transmissionCommunity settingsInfection controlHigh HIV prevalenceInfection control practicesTransmission of tuberculosisHousehold contact tracingResource limited settingsHealth care facilitiesResource-constrained settingsHIV prevalenceTB epidemicContinued transmissionCommon siteUnrecognized transmissionContact tracingCommunity sitesControl practicesHold promiseRecent studiesTransmission reductionIntensive caseSettingTBAdverse Events in an Integrated Home-Based Treatment Program for MDR-TB and HIV in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Brust JC, Shah NS, van der Merwe TL, Bamber S, Ning Y, Heo M, Moll AP, Loveday M, Lalloo UG, Friedland GH, Gandhi NR. Adverse Events in an Integrated Home-Based Treatment Program for MDR-TB and HIV in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2013, 62: 436-440. PMID: 23254152, PMCID: PMC3641171, DOI: 10.1097/qai.0b013e31828175ed.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAntitubercular AgentsHIV InfectionsHome Care ServicesHumansSouth AfricaTuberculosis, Multidrug-ResistantConceptsMultidrug-resistant tuberculosisAdverse eventsAntiretroviral therapyCommon severe adverse eventsMDR-TB/HIVTreatment programConcurrent antiretroviral therapyMDR-TB patientsMDR-TB therapySevere adverse eventsHome-based treatment programHome-based care settingsRural KwaZulu-NatalMost patientsTherapy modificationConcurrent treatmentCare settingsHIVPatientsTherapyKwaZulu-NatalIntegrated HomeTolerabilityHypothyroidismTuberculosis
2012
Nosocomial Transmission of Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in a Rural Hospital in South Africa
Gandhi NR, Weissman D, Moodley P, Ramathal M, Elson I, Kreiswirth BN, Mathema B, Shashkina E, Rothenberg R, Moll AP, Friedland G, Sturm AW, Shah NS. Nosocomial Transmission of Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in a Rural Hospital in South Africa. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2012, 207: 9-17. PMID: 23166374, PMCID: PMC3523793, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jis631.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAntitubercular AgentsCluster AnalysisCross InfectionDrug Therapy, CombinationEthambutolExtensively Drug-Resistant TuberculosisFemaleGenotypeHIV InfectionsHospitals, RuralHumansIsoniazidMaleMutationMycobacterium tuberculosisPolymorphism, Restriction Fragment LengthPrevalencePyrazinamideRetrospective StudiesRifampinSequence Analysis, DNASouth AfricaConceptsDrug-resistant tuberculosisHuman immunodeficiency virusNosocomial transmissionEpidemiologic linkExtensively Drug-Resistant TuberculosisPoor infection controlSmear-positive tuberculosisMultidrug-resistant tuberculosisHigh HIV prevalencePoint-source outbreakGlobal public health threatPublic health threatResistance-determining regionXDR tuberculosisImmunodeficiency virusHIV prevalenceObservational studyInfection controlRural hospitalsPatientsTuberculosisTugela FerryFragment length polymorphism analysisHealth threatRestriction fragment length polymorphism analysisIntegrated, home-based treatment for MDR-TB and HIV in rural South Africa: an alternate model of care [Perspectives]
Brust J, Shah N, Scott M, Chaiyachati K, Lygizos M, van der Merwe T, Bamber S, Radebe Z, Loveday M, Moll A, Margot B, Lalloo U, Friedland G, Gandhi N. Integrated, home-based treatment for MDR-TB and HIV in rural South Africa: an alternate model of care [Perspectives]. The International Journal Of Tuberculosis And Lung Disease 2012, 16: 998-1004. PMID: 22668560, PMCID: PMC3390442, DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.11.0713.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAmbulatory CareAnti-HIV AgentsAntitubercular AgentsAttitude of Health PersonnelCaregiversCD4 Lymphocyte CountCoinfectionDelivery of Health Care, IntegratedFeasibility StudiesFemaleHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHIV InfectionsHome Care ServicesHumansMaleMedication AdherenceOrganizational ObjectivesPatient Care TeamProgram DevelopmentProgram EvaluationRural Health ServicesSocial SupportSouth AfricaTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeTuberculosis, Multidrug-ResistantViral LoadConceptsMultidrug-resistant tuberculosisHome-based treatmentHIV treatmentAdverse reactionsTreatment outcomesTreatment programHigh HIV prevalent settingsMDR-TB treatmentEscalation of careSevere adverse eventsHIV treatment programsHIV-prevalent settingsCommunity health workersCo-infection ratePatient treatment programTreatment modelPromising treatment modelNew treatment modelRural KwaZulu-NatalHIV-coMonthly culturesAdherence supportAdverse eventsClinical responseHIV outcomesSurvival from XDR-TB Is Associated with Modifiable Clinical Characteristics in Rural South Africa
Shenoi SV, Brooks RP, Barbour R, Altice FL, Zelterman D, Moll AP, Master I, van der Merwe TL, Friedland GH. Survival from XDR-TB Is Associated with Modifiable Clinical Characteristics in Rural South Africa. PLOS ONE 2012, 7: e31786. PMID: 22412840, PMCID: PMC3295798, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031786.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsXDR-TB patientsDrug-resistant tuberculosisRetrospective case-control studyXDR-TB casesCommunity-based hospitalCase-control studyGlobal public healthHIV coinfectionMicrobiological correlatesModifiable factorsAvailable interventionsRural South AfricaControl studyPatientsTuberculosisPublic healthSurvivorsSurvivalDaysHospitalMortalityRisk factors for mortality among MDR- and XDR-TB patients in a high HIV prevalence setting
Gandhi N, Andrews J, Brust J, Montreuil R, Weissman D, Heo M, Moll A, Friedland G, Shah N. Risk factors for mortality among MDR- and XDR-TB patients in a high HIV prevalence setting. The International Journal Of Tuberculosis And Lung Disease 2012, 16: 90-97. PMID: 22236852, PMCID: PMC3302205, DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.11.0153.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAIDS-Related Opportunistic InfectionsAnti-Retroviral AgentsAntitubercular AgentsCD4 Lymphocyte CountCoinfectionDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialExtensively Drug-Resistant TuberculosisFemaleHIV InfectionsHumansMaleMarkov ChainsMonte Carlo MethodPrevalencePrognosisProportional Hazards ModelsRetrospective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsSouth AfricaSurvival AnalysisTime FactorsTuberculosis, Multidrug-ResistantTuberculosis, PulmonaryConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virusXDR-TB patientsRisk factorsAntiretroviral therapyXDR-TBDrug-resistant (XDR) TBImmunosuppressed human immunodeficiency virusStrong independent risk factorHigh HIV prevalence settingsMDR-TB patientsTB treatment programsIndependent risk factorYear of diagnosisDrug-resistant tuberculosisHIV prevalence settingsCells/Principal risk factorsCase-control studyAmplification of resistanceHigh mortality rateART initiationHIV testingImmunodeficiency virusPrevalence settingsMortality rate
2011
Integration of Antiretroviral Therapy with Tuberculosis Treatment
Abdool Karim S, Naidoo K, Grobler A, Padayatchi N, Baxter C, Gray AL, Gengiah T, Gengiah S, Naidoo A, Jithoo N, Nair G, El-Sadr WM, Friedland G, Abdool Karim Q. Integration of Antiretroviral Therapy with Tuberculosis Treatment. New England Journal Of Medicine 2011, 365: 1492-1501. PMID: 22010915, PMCID: PMC3233684, DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1014181.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsImmune reconstitution inflammatory syndromeT-cell countsEarly ART groupLater-ART groupInitiation of ARTAntiretroviral therapyTuberculosis treatmentIncidence rateCubic millimeterAdverse eventsRisk of IRISHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionReconstitution inflammatory syndromeMedian viral loadImmunodeficiency virus infectionAIDS-free survivalRisk of AIDSHigher CD4Median CD4Inflammatory syndromeAmbulatory patientsImmunodeficiency syndromeViral loadContinuation phaseAntiretroviral drugsHousehold contact investigation of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in a high HIV prevalence setting
Vella V, Racalbuto V, Guerra R, Marra C, Moll A, Mhlanga Z, Maluleke M, Mhlope H, Margot B, Friedland G, Shah N, Gandhi N. Household contact investigation of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in a high HIV prevalence setting. The International Journal Of Tuberculosis And Lung Disease 2011, 15: 1170-1175. PMID: 21943840, DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.10.0781.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAntitubercular AgentsExtensively Drug-Resistant TuberculosisFamily CharacteristicsFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHIV InfectionsHumansIncidenceMaleMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMiddle AgedPrevalenceProspective StudiesSouth AfricaTime FactorsTuberculosis, Multidrug-ResistantYoung AdultConceptsDrug-resistant tuberculosisHousehold contactsXDR-TBIndex caseMDR-TBPrevalence settingsHigh human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence settingsMDR-TB index casesHigh HIV prevalence settingsAdult household contactsHousehold contact investigationIndex case diagnosisMost secondary casesHIV prevalence settingsRate of MDRDrug susceptibility testingDiagnosis of MDRPublic health activitiesActive tuberculosisNosocomial transmissionContact investigationMedian timeIncidence rateSecondary casesObservational studySpread of Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa
Moodley P, Shah NS, Tayob N, Connolly C, Zetola N, Gandhi N, Friedland G, Sturm AW. Spread of Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. PLOS ONE 2011, 6: e17513. PMID: 21655324, PMCID: PMC3104985, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017513.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMDR-TB casesDrug-resistant tuberculosisXDR-TB casesXDR-TBDrug susceptibility test resultsExtensively Drug-Resistant TuberculosisMDR tuberculosis casesMDR-TB patientsXDR-TB patientsCulture-confirmed casesProvincial referral hospitalCross-sectional studyKwaZulu-Natal ProvinceSource of infectionTB casesNumber of hospitalsReferral hospitalSputum cultureTuberculosis casesScotland hospitalsPatientsHealthcare districtsHospitalClinical diagnosisLaboratory database