Featured Publications
Clinical significance of novel 8-factor model of DSM-5 PTSD in national VA PTSD residential treatment data: Internally- v. externally-cued intrusions
Gross G, Spiller T, Duek O, Pietrzak R, Harpaz-Rotem I. Clinical significance of novel 8-factor model of DSM-5 PTSD in national VA PTSD residential treatment data: Internally- v. externally-cued intrusions. Journal Of Affective Disorders 2023, 328: 255-260. PMID: 36806596, DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.02.046.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPosttraumatic stress disorderPTSD symptomsDysphoric arousalDSM-5 posttraumatic stress disorderDSM-5 PTSD symptomsDistinct underlying processesSelf-report measuresGeneralized anxiety symptomsSuperior model fitPhysical health functioningCore defining featuresStructural equation modelingWorse emotional functioningAnxious arousalSymptoms of depressionNegative affectIntrusion symptomsGreater avoidanceEmotional functioningStress disorderAnxiety symptomsPTSD ChecklistIntrusion factorCross-sectional designGeneralized anxiety“We’ve Been Here All Along:” The Collective Resilience of Transgender and Gender Diverse U.S. Service Members
Eleazer J, Marchant L, Kizewski A, Gross G, Warren A, McCubbin L, Lab T. “We’ve Been Here All Along:” The Collective Resilience of Transgender and Gender Diverse U.S. Service Members. Psychological Services 2023, 20: 382-396. PMID: 36355662, DOI: 10.1037/ser0000721.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsExperiences of oppressionIdentity-based violenceParticipatory research designGender diverse peopleMilitary serviceMilitary policyGender identityResilience factorsCollective resilienceDiverse peopleMinority stressorsOppressionSuperordinate themesTransgenderIntersubjective factorsService membersSurvival strategiesUnited StatesSocial rejectionResilienceMilitary-specific stressorsResearch designTroopsExperienceViolence
2023
Racial and ethnic mental health disparities in U.S. Military Veterans: Results from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study
Merians A, Gross G, Spoont M, Bellamy C, Harpaz-Rotem I, Pietrzak R. Racial and ethnic mental health disparities in U.S. Military Veterans: Results from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study. Journal Of Psychiatric Research 2023, 161: 71-76. PMID: 36905842, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.03.005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsDepressive Disorder, MajorEthnicityFemaleHumansMental HealthMinority GroupsUnited StatesVeteransConceptsPsychiatric disordersWhite veteransNational HealthHispanic veteransMilitary veteransBlack veteransVeterans StudyLifetime major depressive disorderLifetime posttraumatic stress disorderHigh-risk subgroupsPopulation-based studyCurrent psychiatric disorderDrug use disordersMajor depressive disorderCommon psychiatric disordersEthnic differencesPopulation-based sampleCertain psychiatric disordersPopulation-based researchLower household incomeCurrent suicidal ideationPosttraumatic stress disorderRace/ethnicityU.S. military veteransMental health disparitiesUnderstanding veteran barriers to specialty outpatient PTSD clinical care
Rozek D, Steigerwald V, Baker S, Gross G, Maieritsch K, Hoff R, Harpaz-Rotem I, Smith N. Understanding veteran barriers to specialty outpatient PTSD clinical care. Journal Of Anxiety Disorders 2023, 95: 102675. PMID: 36854224, DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102675.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSpecialty outpatient clinicsPosttraumatic stress disorderOutpatient clinicPTSD specialty clinicClinical characteristicsMale sexPTSD symptom severitySpecialty clinicWhite raceClinical careClinical concernTreatment engagementSymptom severityStress disorderClinicGreater likelihoodVeteransSignificant minorityTreatmentImpact of demographicsMulti-faceted barriersCareFiscal year 2019DemographicsNational sampleThe Effect of Military Sexual Trauma on Competitive Employment Status Following Veterans Health Administration Supported Employment Services
Gross GM, Kaczynski R, Resnick S. The Effect of Military Sexual Trauma on Competitive Employment Status Following Veterans Health Administration Supported Employment Services. Psychological Services 2023, 20: 196-201. PMID: 35225642, DOI: 10.1037/ser0000635.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMilitary sexual traumaVeterans Health AdministrationHigh-risk groupEffects of MSTMental health treatmentSexual traumaCompetitive employmentElectronic health recordsMST screenMedical comorbiditiesAdjusted analysisPsychiatric comorbiditySupported Employment ServicesMedical recordsTrauma-informed careMST historyHealth treatmentHealth AdministrationHealth recordsCompetitive employment outcomesLower likelihoodTreatment planningComorbiditiesVeteransTrauma
2022
Risk for PTSD symptom worsening during new PTSD treatment episode in a nationally representative sample of treatment-seeking U.S. veterans with subthreshold PTSD
Gross GM, Pietrzak RH, Hoff RA, Katz IR, Harpaz-Rotem I. Risk for PTSD symptom worsening during new PTSD treatment episode in a nationally representative sample of treatment-seeking U.S. veterans with subthreshold PTSD. Journal Of Psychiatric Research 2022, 151: 304-310. PMID: 35526446, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.04.040.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSymptom worseningRisk factorsSubthreshold PTSDPTSD symptom clustersSymptom clustersPTSD symptomsHealth care utilizationPTSD specialty clinicPoor treatment outcomesUnited States veteransBinary logistic regressionAdjusted analysisCare utilizationTreatment episodesRepresentative sampleSpecialty clinicSignificant symptomsTreatment outcomesSignificant worseningStates veteransSubthreshold symptomsEligible veteransNew episodesOutcome assessmentDiagnostic threshold
2021
Racial Disparities in Clinical Outcomes of Veterans Affairs Residential PTSD Treatment Between Black and White Veterans
Gross GM, Smith N, Holliday R, Rozek DC, Hoff R, Harpaz-Rotem I. Racial Disparities in Clinical Outcomes of Veterans Affairs Residential PTSD Treatment Between Black and White Veterans. Psychiatric Services 2021, 73: 126-132. PMID: 34369806, DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.202000783.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsResidential Rehabilitation Treatment ProgramPosttraumatic stress disorderWhite veteransRacial disparitiesClinical outcomesBlack veteransSymptoms of PTSDPoor clinical outcomeRehabilitation treatment programRecurrence 4 monthsPoor treatment outcomesMental health treatmentPublic health issuePTSD symptom reductionResidential PTSD treatmentMental health researchTreatment outcomesPrevalence ratesSymptom reductionHealth treatmentHealth outcomesPTSD treatmentDemographic dataSymptom changeTreatment program
2020
Patient and provider barriers, facilitators, and implementation preferences of intimate partner violence perpetration screening
Portnoy GA, Colon R, Gross GM, Adams LJ, Bastian LA, Iverson KM. Patient and provider barriers, facilitators, and implementation preferences of intimate partner violence perpetration screening. BMC Health Services Research 2020, 20: 746. PMID: 32791967, PMCID: PMC7424651, DOI: 10.1186/s12913-020-05595-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntimate partner violenceImplementation preferencesIntimate Partner Violence PerpetrationPartner violence perpetrationIPV experiencesProvider barriersPartner violenceQualitative interviewsViolence perpetrationVHA healthcareVeterans Health Administration patientsWay of screeningIPV useUnderstudied aspectSelf-report screening toolContent analysisHealthcare responseStrong rapportProfessional disciplinesComprehensive processSubstantial prevalenceVHA providersFacilitatorsClinical practiceProviders' beliefsPerceived Stress Mediates the Association between Deployment Sexual Trauma and Nicotine Dependence in Women Veterans
Gross GM, Colon R, Bastian LA, Hoff R. Perceived Stress Mediates the Association between Deployment Sexual Trauma and Nicotine Dependence in Women Veterans. Women's Health Issues 2020, 30: 214-220. PMID: 32317136, DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2020.03.001.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNicotine dependenceWomen veteransSexual traumaBaseline interview dataRates of smokingCross-sectional associationsRelated health consequencesDeleterious health outcomesPerceived stressMilitary sexual traumaRisk factorsTobacco useHayes mediation modelHealth outcomesClinical targetsHealth consequencesTraumaVeteran sampleSmokingVeteransAssociationPresent studySurvey of experiencesCivilian counterpartsSignificant mediatorSex Differences in Military Sexual Trauma and Severe Self-Directed Violence
Gross GM, Ronzitti S, Combellick JL, Decker SE, Mattocks KM, Hoff RA, Haskell SG, Brandt CA, Goulet JL. Sex Differences in Military Sexual Trauma and Severe Self-Directed Violence. American Journal Of Preventive Medicine 2020, 58: 675-682. PMID: 32037020, DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2019.12.006.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMilitary sexual traumaSelf-directed violenceSexual traumaWomen veteransCox proportional hazards regression modelVeterans Health Administration (VHA) careProportional hazards regression modelsHazards regression modelsOperations Enduring Freedom/Iraqi Freedom/New Dawn veteransPsychiatric morbidityNew Dawn veteransSuicide attemptsBivariate analysisPreventative effortsTraumaWomenMenSex differencesVeteransRiskRegression modelsDemographic variablesSevere selfHospitalizationMorbidity
2019
Comparing the effectiveness of VA residential PTSD treatment for veterans who do and do not report a history of MST: A national investigation
Holliday R, Smith NB, Holder N, Gross GM, Monteith LL, Maguen S, Hoff RA, Harpaz-Rotem I. Comparing the effectiveness of VA residential PTSD treatment for veterans who do and do not report a history of MST: A national investigation. Journal Of Psychiatric Research 2019, 122: 42-47. PMID: 31923834, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.12.012.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsResidential Rehabilitation Treatment ProgramMilitary sexual traumaPosttraumatic stress disorderPTSD symptomsMST survivorsPTSD treatmentVeterans AffairsProgram completionRehabilitation treatment programSymptom severity scoresEffects of MSTExperience of MSTHistory of MSTPTSD symptom severity scoresPost-treatment gainsRace/ethnicityImpact of MSTSevere PTSD symptomsResidential PTSD treatmentAdjunctive servicesPsychiatric comorbiditySeverity scoreHealth sequelaeIncrease riskWomen veteransA Longitudinal Investigation of Military Sexual Trauma and Perinatal Depression
Gross GM, Kroll-Desrosiers A, Mattocks K. A Longitudinal Investigation of Military Sexual Trauma and Perinatal Depression. Journal Of Women's Health 2019, 29: 38-45. PMID: 31560602, DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2018.7628.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMilitary sexual traumaPerinatal mental healthPostnatal depressionSuicidal ideationPerinatal depressionPrenatal depressionWomen veteransEdinburgh Postnatal Depression ScalePostnatal Depression ScaleRisk of depressionVeterans Health AdministrationMental health careSexual traumaObstetrical carePostnatal symptomsDepression ScaleHigh riskPrenatal stressBivariate statistical testsHayes mediation modelHealth AdministrationImpact of MSTMental healthDepressionHealth care