Noradrenergic and adrenergic functioning in autism
Minderaa R, Anderson G, Volkmar F, Akkerhuis G, Cohen D. Noradrenergic and adrenergic functioning in autism. Biological Psychiatry 1994, 36: 237-241. PMID: 7986888, DOI: 10.1016/0006-3223(94)90605-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUrinary excretion rateNeurochemical assessmentVanillylmandelic acidAdrenergic functioningExcretion rateNormal control individualsUrinary excretionPlasma levelsNoradrenergic functioningMarked abnormalitiesNormal controlsGroup mean differencesControl groupControl individualsNorepinephrineMean differenceAutistic patientsAspartame, behavior, and cognitive function in children with attention deficit disorder.
Shaywitz B, Sullivan C, Anderson G, Gillespie S, Sullivan B, Shaywitz S. Aspartame, behavior, and cognitive function in children with attention deficit disorder. Pediatrics 1994, 93: 70-5. PMID: 7505423, DOI: 10.1542/peds.93.1.70.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAttention deficit disorderWisconsin Card Sorting TestDeficit disorderTreatment Emergent Symptom ScalePlacebo-controlled crossover studyComplete blood cell countStudy centersLiver function testsUrinary excretion rateBlood cell countAdministration of aspartameMental Disorders criteriaCognitive testsMeasurement of catecholaminesCrossover studyFunction testsMonoamine metabolismInpatient admissionsMetabolite excretionLarge dosesSymptom ScaleUsual consumptionCell countPlasma phenylalanineBiochemical measures