2004
Borrelia burgdorferi Changes Its Surface Antigenic Expression in Response to Host Immune Responses
Liang FT, Yan J, Mbow ML, Sviat SL, Gilmore RD, Mamula M, Fikrig E. Borrelia burgdorferi Changes Its Surface Antigenic Expression in Response to Host Immune Responses. Infection And Immunity 2004, 72: 5759-5767. PMID: 15385475, PMCID: PMC517580, DOI: 10.1128/iai.72.10.5759-5767.2004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSurface antigenic expressionAntigenic expressionImmune attackImmune responseSevere combined immunodeficiency miceHostile immune environmentVigorous immune responseB. burgdorferiCombined immunodeficiency miceHost immune responseOspC antibodiesOuter surface protein CImmune environmentDecorin-binding protein AImmunocompetent miceImmune conditionsImmunodeficiency miceSurface protein CImmune pressureVlsE expressionLyme disease spirocheteProtein CBorrelia burgdorferiOspC expressionMammalian infection
2001
Borrelia burgdorferi-Induced Inflammation Facilitates Spirochete Adaptation and Variable Major Protein-Like Sequence Locus Recombination
Anguita J, Thomas V, Samanta S, Persinski R, Hernanz C, Barthold S, Fikrig E. Borrelia burgdorferi-Induced Inflammation Facilitates Spirochete Adaptation and Variable Major Protein-Like Sequence Locus Recombination. The Journal Of Immunology 2001, 167: 3383-3390. PMID: 11544329, PMCID: PMC4309988, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.167.6.3383.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdaptation, PhysiologicalAnimalsAntibodies, BacterialAntigens, BacterialAntigens, SurfaceBacterial ProteinsBase SequenceBorrelia burgdorferiCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesDNA, BacterialGene Expression RegulationImmune SeraImmunocompetenceInflammationInterferon-gammaInterleukin-12LipoproteinsLyme DiseaseMiceMice, Inbred C3HMice, KnockoutMolecular Sequence DataReceptors, InterferonRecombination, GeneticSequence AlignmentSequence Homology, Nucleic AcidConceptsImmunocompetent miceDeficient miceB. burgdorferi N40IFN-gammaRMurine immune responseIFN-gamma-mediated responsesIFN-gamma-mediated signalsSpirochetal burdensSpirochete clearanceIL-12Immune responseIFN-gammaControl animalsDifferential immunoscreeningMice resultsMiceVariable major proteinsRT-PCRVivo adaptationB. burgdorferiClearanceBorrelia burgdorferi gene expressionB. burgdorferi survivalAdministrationVivo
2000
Gamma Interferon Dominates the Murine Cytokine Response to the Agent of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis and Helps To Control the Degree of Early Rickettsemia
Akkoyunlu M, Fikrig E. Gamma Interferon Dominates the Murine Cytokine Response to the Agent of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis and Helps To Control the Degree of Early Rickettsemia. Infection And Immunity 2000, 68: 1827-1833. PMID: 10722570, PMCID: PMC97354, DOI: 10.1128/iai.68.4.1827-1833.2000.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsBacteremiaConcanavalin ACytokinesDisease ProgressionDose-Response Relationship, DrugEhrlichiosisEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayFemaleHL-60 CellsHumansImmunoglobulin GInterferon-gammaMiceMice, Inbred C3HNeutrophilsReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionRickettsiaSpleenTime FactorsT-LymphocytesConceptsIFN-gamma-deficient miceHuman granulocytic ehrlichiosisIFN-gamma levelsDay 8Cytokine responsesIFN-gammaGamma interferonCells/HGE bacteriaGranulocytic ehrlichiosisIFN-gamma-independent mechanismMurine cytokine responsesTime pointsAgent of HGEMore IFN-gammaC3H/HeNLess interleukin-4IFN-gamma responsesMurine infection modelLater time pointsObligate intracellular bacteriumTh1 phenotypeC57BL/6 miceDNA burdenImmunocompetent miceBorrelia burgdorferi Gene Expression In Vivo and Spirochete Pathogenicity
Anguita J, Samanta S, Revilla B, Suk K, Das S, Barthold S, Fikrig E. Borrelia burgdorferi Gene Expression In Vivo and Spirochete Pathogenicity. Infection And Immunity 2000, 68: 1222-1230. PMID: 10678930, PMCID: PMC97271, DOI: 10.1128/iai.68.3.1222-1230.2000.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsC3H/HeN miceBorrelia burgdorferi spirochetesLyme disease pathogenesisNonpathogenic spirochetesSpirochete disseminationHumoral responseImmunocompetent miceHeN miceSCID miceC3H miceImmunodeficient miceImmune serumDisease pathogenesisCarditisArthritisMiceGene expressionGenomic expression libraryDiseaseB. burgdorferiB. burgdorferi N40Borrelia burgdorferi gene expressionMammalian infectionSubsequent developmentInfection
1997
Protective and Arthritis-Resolving Activity in Sera of Mice Infected with Borrelia burgdorferi
Barthold S, Feng S, Bockenstedt L, Fikrig E, Feen K. Protective and Arthritis-Resolving Activity in Sera of Mice Infected with Borrelia burgdorferi. Clinical Infectious Diseases 1997, 25: s9-s17. PMID: 9233658, DOI: 10.1086/516166.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsImmune serumSyringe challengePassive protective activitySerum of miceArthritis resolutionHost-adapted spirochetesImmunocompetent miceJoint tissuesTissue transplantsProtective activityImmunodominant regionMiceSerumInfectionBorrelia burgdorferiB. burgdorferiRecombinant formBurgdorferiSpirochetesTissueChallenge inoculationCarditisTransplantSpirochetemiaAntigen