2024
Cerebral edema following cardiac arrest: Are all shades of gray equal?
Beekman R, Gilmore E. Cerebral edema following cardiac arrest: Are all shades of gray equal? Resuscitation 2024, 198: 110213. PMID: 38636600, DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2024.110213.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2023
Critical Care Management of Patients After Cardiac Arrest: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association and Neurocritical Care Society
Hirsch K, Abella B, Amorim E, Bader M, Barletta J, Berg K, Callaway C, Friberg H, Gilmore E, Greer D, Kern K, Livesay S, May T, Neumar R, Nolan J, Oddo M, Peberdy M, Poloyac S, Seder D, Taccone F, Uzendu A, Walsh B, Zimmerman J, Geocadin R, Society O. Critical Care Management of Patients After Cardiac Arrest: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association and Neurocritical Care Society. Circulation 2023, 149: e168-e200. PMID: 38014539, PMCID: PMC10775969, DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001163.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCritical care managementCardiac arrestNeurocritical Care SocietyCare managementClinical studiesAmerican Heart Association Emergency Cardiovascular Care CommitteeHigh-quality clinical studiesExpert panel consensus statementHigh-certainty evidencePractice guideline recommendationsLow-certainty evidenceAmerican Heart AssociationExpert consensus panelHigh-quality studiesMultiple medical specialtiesGuideline recommendationsHeart AssociationAbsence of guidelinesConsensus statementPractice guidelinesConsensus panelCare CommitteePatientsAreas of uncertaintyOrgan systemsDetection of Intracerebral Hemorrhage Using Low-Field, Portable Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients With Stroke
Mazurek M, Parasuram N, Peng T, Beekman R, Yadlapalli V, Sorby-Adams A, Lalwani D, Zabinska J, Gilmore E, Petersen N, Falcone G, Sujijantarat N, Matouk C, Payabvash S, Sze G, Schiff S, Iglesias J, Rosen M, de Havenon A, Kimberly W, Sheth K. Detection of Intracerebral Hemorrhage Using Low-Field, Portable Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients With Stroke. Stroke 2023, 54: 2832-2841. PMID: 37795593, PMCID: PMC11103256, DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.123.043146.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchClinical implications of Peri-hematomal edema microperfusion fraction in intracerebral hemorrhage intravoxel incoherent motion imaging – A pilot study
Abou Karam G, Tharmaseelan H, Aboian M, Malhotra A, Gilmore E, Falcone G, de Havenon A, Sheth K, Payabvash S. Clinical implications of Peri-hematomal edema microperfusion fraction in intracerebral hemorrhage intravoxel incoherent motion imaging – A pilot study. Journal Of Stroke And Cerebrovascular Diseases 2023, 32: 107375. PMID: 37738914, PMCID: PMC10591892, DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2023.107375.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsModified Rankin ScaleSecondary brain injuryIntracerebral hemorrhagePerihematomal edemaSubacute intracerebral hemorrhageIntravoxel incoherent motion imagingAdmission NIHSSBrain injuryMedian baseline National InstitutesPilot studyBaseline National InstitutesHealth Stroke ScalePerfusion fractionSupratentorial intracerebral hemorrhageIVIM metricsIncoherent motion imagingStroke ScaleNeuroprotective therapiesParenchymal injuryRankin ScaleRisk patientsConsecutive patientsUnivariable analysisPoor outcomeICH volumeDevelopment and validation of a novel score to predict brain death after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Kitlen E, Kim N, Rubenstein A, Keenan C, Garcia G, Khosla A, Johnson J, Miller P, Wira C, Greer D, Gilmore E, Beekman R. Development and validation of a novel score to predict brain death after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 2023, 192: 109955. PMID: 37661012, DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2023.109955.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHospital cardiac arrestBrain deathCardiac arrestOptimal cutEtiology of arrestDeath risk scoreNon-shockable rhythmOperator characteristic curveHours of arrestCenter cohortIndependent predictorsSulcal effacementUnResponsiveness (FOUR) scoreValidation cohortDevelopment cohortMAIN OUTCOMEHigh riskRisk scoreAcademic centersNovel scoreOHCACohortInternal validationRadiology reportsCharacteristic curveCommon Data Elements for Disorders of Consciousness: Recommendations from the Electrophysiology Working Group
Carroll E, Der-Nigoghossian C, Alkhachroum A, Appavu B, Gilmore E, Kromm J, Rohaut B, Rosanova M, Sitt J, Claassen J. Common Data Elements for Disorders of Consciousness: Recommendations from the Electrophysiology Working Group. Neurocritical Care 2023, 39: 578-585. PMID: 37606737, DOI: 10.1007/s12028-023-01795-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchValidation of the rCAST score and comparison to the PCAC and FOUR scores for prognostication after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Kim N, Kitlen E, Garcia G, Khosla A, Miller P, Johnson J, Wira C, Greer D, Gilmore E, Beekman R. Validation of the rCAST score and comparison to the PCAC and FOUR scores for prognostication after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 2023, 188: 109832. PMID: 37178901, DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2023.109832.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPoor neurologic outcomeUnited States cohortHospital cardiac arrestOHCA patientsNeurologic outcomeCardiac arrestPost-cardiac arrest syndromePoor neurological outcomeScore predictive abilityHospital mortalityNeurological outcomeUnResponsiveness (FOUR) scorePoor outcomeRetrospective studyAccurate outcome predictionPrognostic performanceFull OutlineDeLong testOutcome predictionPatientsMortalityOutcomesScoresCohortPredictive abilityEmergent external ventricular drain placement in patients with factor Xa inhibitor-associated intracerebral hemorrhage after reversal with andexanet alfa
Ammar A, Elsamadicy A, Ammar M, Reeves B, Koo A, Falcone G, Hwang D, Petersen N, Kim J, Beekman R, Prust M, Magid-Bernstein J, Acosta J, Herbert R, Sheth K, Matouk C, Gilmore E. Emergent external ventricular drain placement in patients with factor Xa inhibitor-associated intracerebral hemorrhage after reversal with andexanet alfa. Clinical Neurology And Neurosurgery 2023, 226: 107621. PMID: 36791588, DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2023.107621.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAndexanet alfaExtra-axial hemorrhageEVD placementThrombotic eventsNew hemorrhagePrimary safety outcomeExternal ventricular drain placementLarge prospective studiesIntensive care unitIntracerebral hemorrhage patientsVentricular drain placementBolus patientsHospital lengthHospital LOSICU LOSTract hemorrhageRankin scoreSecondary outcomesAdult patientsBolus groupPrimary outcomeCare unitIntracerebral hemorrhageLong administration timeHemorrhage patientsFuture of Neurology & Technology: Neuroimaging Made Accessible Using Low-Field, Portable MRI
Parasuram N, Crawford A, Mazurek M, Chavva I, Beekman R, Gilmore E, Petersen N, Payabvash S, Sze G, Eugenio Iglesias J, Omay S, Matouk C, Longbrake E, de Havenon A, Schiff S, Rosen M, Kimberly W, Sheth K. Future of Neurology & Technology: Neuroimaging Made Accessible Using Low-Field, Portable MRI. Neurology 2023, 100: 1067-1071. PMID: 36720639, PMCID: PMC10259275, DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000207074.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2021
The Significance of LRDA With Bilateral Involvement Compared With GRDA on EEG in Critically Ill Patients
Fong M, Jadav R, Alzawahmah M, Hussein O, Gilmore E, Hirsch L. The Significance of LRDA With Bilateral Involvement Compared With GRDA on EEG in Critically Ill Patients. Journal Of Clinical Neurophysiology 2021, 40: 434-442. PMID: 37399042, DOI: 10.1097/wnp.0000000000000897.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLateralized rhythmic delta activityGroup of patientsRhythmic delta activityFocal abnormalitiesDelta activitySporadic epileptiform dischargesCritically Ill PatientsFocal electrographic seizuresComputed tomography scanClear etiologyIschemic strokeBilateral involvementIll patientsMetabolic encephalopathiesElectrographic seizuresImaging findingsFocal slowingCortical excitabilitySubdural hemorrhageTomography scanEpileptiform dischargesPatientsControl groupSeizuresContinuous EEG
2019
Deviation From Personalized Blood Pressure Targets Is Associated With Worse Outcome After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Silverman A, Kodali S, Strander S, Gilmore EJ, Kimmel A, Wang A, Cord B, Falcone G, Hebert R, Matouk C, Sheth KN, Petersen NH. Deviation From Personalized Blood Pressure Targets Is Associated With Worse Outcome After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Stroke 2019, 50: 2729-2737. PMID: 31495332, PMCID: PMC6756936, DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.119.026282.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLimits of autoregulationAneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhageSubarachnoid hemorrhageFunctional outcomeArterial pressureIntracranial pressureBP targetsWorse outcomesPercent timeBlood pressure targetsBlood pressure managementMean arterial pressureModified Rankin ScalePotential neuroprotective strategiesWorse functional outcomePoor functional outcomeCerebral blood flowMultivariate logistic regressionTotal monitoring periodAutoregulatory indexPressure targetsCerebral ischemiaNeuroprotective strategiesRankin ScaleCerebral autoregulationEarly Prognostication of 1-Year Outcome After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: The FRESH Score Validation
Witsch J, Kuohn L, Hebert R, Cord B, Sansing L, Gilmore EJ, Hwang DY, Petersen N, Falcone GJ, Matouk C, Sheth KN. Early Prognostication of 1-Year Outcome After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: The FRESH Score Validation. Journal Of Stroke And Cerebrovascular Diseases 2019, 28: 104280. PMID: 31326270, DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.06.038.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSpontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhageModified Rankin ScaleLong-term outcomesSubarachnoid hemorrhageUnfavorable outcomePercent of patientsExclusion of patientsStratification of patientsScore variablesAneurysmal etiologyBleeding sourceRankin ScaleFunctional outcomeMean ageEarly prognosticationPrognostication scoresStudy investigatorsHospital resourcesPatientsDisability partAneurysm coilingOutcomesHigh gradeCharacteristic curveHemorrhageComparison of machine learning models for seizure prediction in hospitalized patients
Struck AF, Rodriguez‐Ruiz A, Osman G, Gilmore EJ, Haider HA, Dhakar MB, Schrettner M, Lee JW, Gaspard N, Hirsch LJ, Westover MB, Consortium C. Comparison of machine learning models for seizure prediction in hospitalized patients. Annals Of Clinical And Translational Neurology 2019, 6: 1239-1247. PMID: 31353866, PMCID: PMC6649418, DOI: 10.1002/acn3.50817.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLow-risk patientsNegative predictive valueEvaluation cohortContinuous EEGElastic net logistic regressionMulticenter databaseRisk stratificationSeizure riskPatientsPredictive valueComparable AUCSecondary analysisLogistic regressionCohortFirst hourSeizure predictionEEG recordingsEEGRisk calibrationLarge proportionSeizuresComplex neural networksDecreases in Blood Pressure During Thrombectomy Are Associated With Larger Infarct Volumes and Worse Functional Outcome
Petersen NH, Ortega-Gutierrez S, Wang A, Lopez GV, Strander S, Kodali S, Silverman A, Zheng-Lin B, Dandapat S, Sansing LH, Schindler JL, Falcone GJ, Gilmore EJ, Amin H, Cord B, Hebert RM, Matouk C, Sheth KN. Decreases in Blood Pressure During Thrombectomy Are Associated With Larger Infarct Volumes and Worse Functional Outcome. Stroke 2019, 50: 1797-1804. PMID: 31159701, PMCID: PMC6787912, DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.118.024286.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFinal infarct volumeWorse functional outcomeInfarct volumeEndovascular thrombectomyFunctional outcomeOcclusion strokeCerebral infarction 2b/3 reperfusionPressure reductionLarge vessel intracranial occlusionsGreater infarct growthBlood pressure reductionComprehensive stroke centerPercent of patientsBlood pressure managementLarger infarct volumesModified Rankin ScaleRankin Scale scoreMultivariable logistic regressionRelative hypotensionSustained hypotensionInfarct progressionNinety patientsInfarct growthIschemic penumbraIschemic stroke
2017
Ictal-Interictal Continuum: When to Worry About the Continuous Electroencephalography Pattern
Cormier J, Maciel CB, Gilmore EJ. Ictal-Interictal Continuum: When to Worry About the Continuous Electroencephalography Pattern. Seminars In Respiratory And Critical Care Medicine 2017, 38: 793-806. PMID: 29262437, DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1607987.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNonconvulsive status epilepticusIctal-interictal continuumNonconvulsive seizuresEEG patternsSecondary brain injuryContinuous electroencephalography monitoringCritical care physiciansClear clinical significanceIIC patternsIll patientsStatus epilepticusCare physiciansCEEG monitoringElectroencephalography monitoringSeizure riskBrain injuryGuideline statementsClinical dilemmaClinical significanceNeuronal stressClinical approachDefinitive guidelinesElectroencephalography patternsPotential associationEarly detectionDisruption of Brain–Heart Coupling in Sepsis
Admiraal MM, Gilmore EJ, Van Putten MJAM, Zaveri HP, Hirsch LJ, Gaspard N. Disruption of Brain–Heart Coupling in Sepsis. Journal Of Clinical Neurophysiology 2017, 34: 413-420. PMID: 28520632, DOI: 10.1097/wnp.0000000000000381.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchFunctional Improvement Among Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) Survivors up to 12 Months Post-injury
Sreekrishnan A, Leasure AC, Shi FD, Hwang DY, Schindler JL, Petersen NH, Gilmore EJ, Kamel H, Sansing LH, Greer DM, Sheth KN. Functional Improvement Among Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) Survivors up to 12 Months Post-injury. Neurocritical Care 2017, 27: 326-333. PMID: 28685394, PMCID: PMC5700855, DOI: 10.1007/s12028-017-0425-4.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2016
Review of the Utility of Prophylactic Anticonvulsant Use in Critically Ill Patients With Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Gilmore EJ, Maciel CB, Hirsch LJ, Sheth KN. Review of the Utility of Prophylactic Anticonvulsant Use in Critically Ill Patients With Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Stroke 2016, 47: 2666-2672. PMID: 27608820, DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.116.012410.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and severe, catheter-induced vasospasm associated with excessive consumption of a caffeinated energy drink
Grant RA, Cord BJ, Kuzomunhu L, Sheth K, Gilmore E, Matouk CC. Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and severe, catheter-induced vasospasm associated with excessive consumption of a caffeinated energy drink. Interventional Neuroradiology 2016, 22: 674-678. PMID: 27481912, PMCID: PMC5564359, DOI: 10.1177/1591019916660868.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCatheter-induced vasospasmAneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhageSubarachnoid hemorrhageCaffeinated energy drinkExcessive energy drink consumptionSudden cardiac deathAnterior communicating arteryEnergy drinksEnergy drink consumptionExcessive consumptionCoronary vasospasmNeurointerventional literatureEndovascular repairThrombotic complicationsCardiac deathSerious complicationsVasoactive substancesCerebrovascular physiologyCommunicating arteryAlert cliniciansDrink consumptionVasospasmCounter stimulantsComplicationsHemorrhageSeizures and Epileptiform Patterns in SAH and Their Relation to Outcomes
Maciel CB, Gilmore EJ. Seizures and Epileptiform Patterns in SAH and Their Relation to Outcomes. Journal Of Clinical Neurophysiology 2016, 33: 183-195. PMID: 27258441, DOI: 10.1097/wnp.0000000000000268.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSubarachnoid hemorrhageAssociation of seizuresMedication side effectsImpact of seizuresSevere subarachnoid hemorrhageRisk-benefit ratioSeizure prophylaxisAntiepileptic treatmentDifferent time pointsNeurovascular complicationsYounger patientsInterictal patternsHeterogeneous pathophysiologyNeurophysiologic monitoringSubclinical seizuresCortical irritationNew anticonvulsantsTherapeutic dosingTherapeutic approachesHigh riskSide effectsFavorable profileEpileptiform patternsSeizuresBurden quantification