2013
Opioid Receptor Polymorphism A118G Associated with Clinical Severity in a Drug Overdose Population
Manini A, Jacobs M, Vlahov D, Hurd Y. Opioid Receptor Polymorphism A118G Associated with Clinical Severity in a Drug Overdose Population. Journal Of Medical Toxicology 2013, 9: 148-154. PMID: 23318993, PMCID: PMC3648633, DOI: 10.1007/s13181-012-0286-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAlternative SplicingAmino Acid SubstitutionBenzodiazepinesCohort StudiesDrug OverdoseFemaleFollow-Up StudiesGenetic Association StudiesGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHeart ArrestHumansMaleNarcoticsPilot ProjectsPolymorphism, Single NucleotideProspective StudiesReceptors, Opioid, muRespiratory InsufficiencySeverity of Illness IndexSympathomimeticsUnited StatesConceptsAcute drug overdoseG variant alleleClinical severityVariant allelesEmergency departmentDrug overdoseSingle nucleotide polymorphismsConsecutive adult ED patientsHuman mu-opioid receptor geneReceptor single nucleotide polymorphismsWorse clinical severityAdult ED patientsObservational cohort studyUrban teaching hospitalMu-opioid receptor geneAbove single nucleotide polymorphismsCohort studyED patientsRespiratory arrestCardiac arrestClinical variablesAcute drugSevere outcomesTeaching hospitalBlood samples
2007
Explaining Racial Disparities in Incidence of and Survival from Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Galea S, Blaney S, Nandi A, Silverman R, Vlahov D, Foltin G, Kusick M, Tunik M, Richmond N. Explaining Racial Disparities in Incidence of and Survival from Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest. American Journal Of Epidemiology 2007, 166: 534-543. PMID: 17584756, DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwm102.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overEthnicityFemaleHeart ArrestHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedNew York CityProspective StudiesRiskSurvival RateConceptsAge-adjusted survivalInitial cardiac rhythmHospital cardiac arrestCardiac arrestCardiac rhythmAge-adjusted relative oddsEthnic disparitiesPrior functional statusProspective observational studyAge-adjusted incidenceEmergency medical services responseLikelihood of receiptFull multivariable modelOOHCA patientsHospital dischargeConsecutive casesFunctional statusCardiopulmonary resuscitationMultivariable modelObservational studyVentricular fibrillationLow prevalenceRelative oddsOOHCARacial disparities
2005
Liver enzyme values in injection drug users with chronic hepatitis C
Mehta S, Netski D, Sulkowski M, Strathdee S, Vlahov D, Thomas D. Liver enzyme values in injection drug users with chronic hepatitis C. Digestive And Liver Disease 2005, 37: 674-680. PMID: 15951255, DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2005.03.009.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHepatitis C virusHepatitis C virus-infected personsAcute viral hepatitisLiver enzyme valuesVirus-infected personsC virusAminotransferase levelsViral hepatitisAlanine aminotransferaseAlanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase ratioChronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infectionEnzyme valuesHepatitis C virus infectionAspartate aminotransferase ratioC virus infectionChronic hepatitis CHigher alanine aminotransferaseInjection drug usersHepatitis CAminotransferase ratioSerologic testingLiver enzymesULNVirus infectionDrug usersThe relationship between non‐injection drug use behaviors on progression to AIDS and death in a cohort of HIV seropositive women in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy use
Kapadia F, Cook J, Cohen M, Sohler N, Kovacs A, Greenblatt R, Choudhary I, Vlahov D. The relationship between non‐injection drug use behaviors on progression to AIDS and death in a cohort of HIV seropositive women in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy use. Addiction 2005, 100: 990-1002. PMID: 15955015, PMCID: PMC3128378, DOI: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2005.01098.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNon-injection drug useWomen's Interagency HIV StudyHIV progressionMultivariate analysisActive antiretroviral therapy (HAART) eraActive antiretroviral therapy (HAART) useMultivariate Cox proportional hazardsAntiretroviral therapy eraAntiretroviral therapy useFormer usersHIV-seropositive womenProspective cohort studyCells/Cox proportional hazardsDrug use behaviorsUse of stimulantsCause deathHAART initiationHAART utilizationTherapy eraCause mortalityHAART useSeropositive womenAIDS eventsCohort study
2002
Prospective study of infective endocarditis among injection drug users
Wilson L, Thomas D, Astemborski J, Freedman T, Vlahov D. Prospective study of infective endocarditis among injection drug users. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2002, 185: 1761-1766. PMID: 12085322, DOI: 10.1086/340827.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersInfective endocarditisHIV-seronegative injection drug usersDrug usersHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionCohort of IDUsInjection drug use behaviorsCD4 lymphocyte countImmunodeficiency virus infectionCase-control studyDrug use frequencyDrug use behaviorsHIV immunosuppressionLymphocyte countCase patientsHIV statusAlcohol intakeProspective studyInverse associationRisk factorsVirus infectionMultivariate analysisEndocarditisHIVIncidenceHighly active antiretroviral treatment does not increase sexual risk behaviour among French HIV infected injecting drug users
Bouhnik A, Moatti J, Vlahov D, Gallais H, Dellamonica P, Obadia Y. Highly active antiretroviral treatment does not increase sexual risk behaviour among French HIV infected injecting drug users. Journal Of Epidemiology & Community Health 2002, 56: 349. PMID: 11964431, PMCID: PMC1732133, DOI: 10.1136/jech.56.5.349.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSexual risk behaviorsAntiretroviral treatmentDrug usersRisk behaviorsPrescription of HAARTActive antiretroviral therapyProportion of patientsActive antiretroviral treatmentUnprotected sexual intercourseFrench HIVAntiretroviral therapyClinical improvementCohort studyTreatment-NaiveHIV transmissionAIDS careHAARTHIV riskHigh-risk activitiesHospital departmentsSexual riskHIVSexual intercourseMultivariate modelLongitudinal analysis
2001
Cancer incidence in women with or at risk for HIV
Phelps R, Smith D, Heilig C, Gardner L, Carpenter C, Klein R, Jamieson D, Vlahov D, Schuman P, Holmberg S, Group S. Cancer incidence in women with or at risk for HIV. International Journal Of Cancer 2001, 94: 753-757. PMID: 11745473, DOI: 10.1002/ijc.1528.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInvasive cervical cancerLung cancerHigh-risk human immunodeficiency virusRace-matched womenCurrent antiretroviral therapyHistory of smokingMonths of diagnosisInjection drug useHuman immunodeficiency virusHIV Epidemiology Research StudyCare of womenRates of cancerCancer incidence dataInterval diagnosisUninfected womenAntiretroviral therapyHIV infectionStudy closureCervical cancerImmunodeficiency virusYoung smokersHodgkin's lymphomaMedical recordsCancer incidenceKaposi's sarcomaSexual and drug risk-related behaviours after initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy among injection drug users
Vlahov D, Safaien M, Lai S, Strathdee S, Johnson L, Sterling T, Celentano D. Sexual and drug risk-related behaviours after initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy among injection drug users. AIDS 2001, 15: 2311-2316. PMID: 11698705, DOI: 10.1097/00002030-200111230-00013.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersHIV-seropositive injection drug usersActive antiretroviral therapyUntreated groupHigh-risk behaviorsAntiretroviral therapyConsecutive visitsDrug usersRisk behaviorsInitiation of HAARTCD4 cell countOngoing prospective studySemi-annual interviewsLinear growth curve analysesHAART useMedian ageMedication useProspective studyNeedle sharingHAARTCell countUnprotected sexRisk-related behaviorsCurve analysisStudy periodSex Differences in Risk Factors for HIV Seroconversion Among Injection Drug Users: A 10-Year Perspective
Strathdee S, Galai N, Safaiean M, Celentano D, Vlahov D, Johnson L, Nelson K. Sex Differences in Risk Factors for HIV Seroconversion Among Injection Drug Users: A 10-Year Perspective. JAMA Internal Medicine 2001, 161: 1281-1288. PMID: 11371255, DOI: 10.1001/archinte.161.10.1281.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersIncidence of HIVHIV seroconversionRisk factorsProspective studyDrug usersHigh-risk heterosexual activityHuman immunodeficiency virus interventionsHIV-negative injection drug usersHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionFemale injection drug usersImmunodeficiency virus infectionInjection drug useDrug-related risksHomosexual activityTime-dependent covariatesHIV testMedian agePerson yearsDaily injectionsNeedle sharingCocaine injectionHIV riskVirus infectionSeroconversionMortality, CD4 Cell Count Decline, and Depressive Symptoms Among HIV-Seropositive Women: Longitudinal Analysis From the HIV Epidemiology Research Study
Ickovics J, Hamburger M, Vlahov D, Schoenbaum E, Schuman P, Boland R, Moore J, Group F. Mortality, CD4 Cell Count Decline, and Depressive Symptoms Among HIV-Seropositive Women: Longitudinal Analysis From the HIV Epidemiology Research Study. JAMA 2001, 285: 1466-1474. PMID: 11255423, DOI: 10.1001/jama.285.11.1466.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virusChronic depressive symptomsCD4 cell countHIV-seropositive womenTreatment of depressionDepressive symptomsCell countDisease progressionBaseline CD4 cell countCD4 cell count declineHIV Epidemiologic Research StudyCell count declineCD4 lymphocyte countBaseline viral loadEpidemiologic Studies Depression ScaleHIV disease progressionHIV Epidemiology Research StudyLongitudinal cohort studyEpidemiologic research studiesImpact of depressionAcademic medical centerSelf-reported CenterCohort studyLymphocyte countCount declineBlood-Borne and Sexual Transmission of Human Herpesvirus 8 in Women with or at Risk for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Cannon M, Dollard S, Smith D, Klein R, Schuman P, Rich J, Vlahov D, Pellett P. Blood-Borne and Sexual Transmission of Human Herpesvirus 8 in Women with or at Risk for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection. New England Journal Of Medicine 2001, 344: 637-643. PMID: 11228278, DOI: 10.1056/nejm200103013440904.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAnalysis of VarianceBlood-Borne PathogensFemaleHepatitis, Viral, HumanHerpesviridae InfectionsHerpesvirus 8, HumanHeterosexualityHIV InfectionsHumansLogistic ModelsProspective StudiesRisk FactorsRisk-TakingSeroepidemiologic StudiesSexual BehaviorSubstance Abuse, IntravenousSyphilisConceptsInjection drug useHHV-8 infectionHepatitis B virusHepatitis C virusHuman immunodeficiency virusHHV-8 seroprevalenceHHV-8Human herpesvirus 8Sexual transmissionRisk factorsHerpesvirus 8Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionHHV-8 seropositivityHigh-risk sexual behaviorImmunodeficiency virus infectionBlood-borne transmissionDaily injection drug useHispanic ethnic backgroundEnzyme-linked immunosorbentRisk of seropositivityBlood borneSyphilis infectionHIV infectionIndependent predictorsImmunodeficiency virusDynamics of behavioral risk factors for HIV/AIDS: a 6-year prospective study of injection drug users
Celentano D, Muñoz A, Cohn S, Vlahov D. Dynamics of behavioral risk factors for HIV/AIDS: a 6-year prospective study of injection drug users. Drug And Alcohol Dependence 2001, 61: 315-322. PMID: 11164696, DOI: 10.1016/s0376-8716(00)00154-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBehavioral risk factorsInjection drug usersProspective studyHIV transmissionRisk factorsDrug usersHIV behavioral risk factorsIncremental risk reductionHIV/AIDSRisk reductionHIV-seronegativesTime-dependent covariatesDrug injectorsHigh riskRisk behaviorsBehavioral risksBehavior changeRisky behaviorsRegression modelsLongitudinal predictorsRiskSeronegativesHIVAIDSAbstinenceFactors Associated with Adolescent Initiation of Injection Drug Use
Fuller C, Vlahov D, Arria A, Ompad D, Garfein R, Strathdee S. Factors Associated with Adolescent Initiation of Injection Drug Use. Public Health Reports 2001, 116: 136-145. PMID: 11889281, PMCID: PMC1913680, DOI: 10.1093/phr/116.s1.136.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdolescent BehaviorAdultAge FactorsBaltimoreBlack or African AmericanCommunity-Institutional RelationsFemaleHealth BehaviorHepatitis CHIV InfectionsHumansLogistic ModelsMalePrimary PreventionProspective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk-TakingSexual BehaviorSubstance Abuse, IntravenousConceptsInjection drug useDrug useMedian ageInitiation of injectionCrack smokingNon-injection drug useAdolescent initiationHigh-risk groupYears of ageIllicit drug useAfrican AmericansDrug use practicesStudy enrollmentPrevents onsetEarly prevention effortsDrug usersMultivariate analysisCocaine useCondom useSmoking marijuanaLogistic regressionYoung drug usersPrevention effortsYoung adulthoodSmoking
2000
Correlates of enrollment in methadone maintenance treatment programs differ by HIV-serostatus
Shah N, Celentano D, Vlahov D, Stambolis V, Johnson L, Nelson K, Strathdee S. Correlates of enrollment in methadone maintenance treatment programs differ by HIV-serostatus. AIDS 2000, 14: 2035-2043. PMID: 10997409, DOI: 10.1097/00002030-200009080-00020.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultBaltimoreCohort StudiesFemaleHealth Services AccessibilityHIV AntibodiesHIV InfectionsHIV SeronegativityHIV SeropositivityHumansMaleMethadoneMiddle AgedNeedle-Exchange ProgramsProspective StudiesRisk-TakingSocioeconomic FactorsSubstance Abuse Treatment CentersSubstance Abuse, IntravenousConceptsMethadone maintenance treatment programInjection drug usersMaintenance treatment programNeedle exchange programsHIV serostatusHIV-seronegative injection drug usersSeronegative injection drug usersHIV-negative injection drug usersTreatment programHIV-seropositive participantsHealth care providersTreatment slotsNeedle exchange program participantsAfrican AmericansHIV testProspective cohortCare providersDrug usersProgram attendanceOlder ageCertain subgroupsVulnerable populationsSimilar proportionsBehavioral factorsEnrollmentScreening for Hepatitis C Virus in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Individuals
Thio C, Nolt K, Astemborski J, Vlahov D, Nelson K, Thomas D. Screening for Hepatitis C Virus in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Individuals. Journal Of Clinical Microbiology 2000, 38: 575-577. PMID: 10655348, PMCID: PMC86151, DOI: 10.1128/jcm.38.2.575-577.2000.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virusHCV RNANegative participantsHepatitis C virus antibody testHuman immunodeficiency virus-infected individualsHepatitis C virus screeningThird-generation enzyme immunoassayHIV-negative participantsVirus-infected individualsHepatitis C virusInjection drug usersThird-generation assaysCOBAS AMPLICOR systemFalse-negative testsThird-generation testsFalse-negative resultsAcute infectionHIV infectionImmunodeficiency virusC virusAntibody formationAntibody testHCVVirus screeningAmplicor system
1999
Needle-exchange attendance and health care utilization promote entry into detoxification
Strathdee S, Celentano D, Shah N, Lyles C, Stambolis V, Macalino G, Nelson K, Vlahov D. Needle-exchange attendance and health care utilization promote entry into detoxification. Journal Of Urban Health 1999, 76: 448-460. PMID: 10609594, PMCID: PMC3456698, DOI: 10.1007/bf02351502.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUninfected injection drug usersInjection drug usersNeedle exchange programsNeedle exchange attendanceDrug abuse treatmentHospital admissionDrug usersHuman immunodeficiency virus testAbuse treatmentImportant public health goalHIV-seronegative subjectsHealth care utilizationOutpatient medical careHealth care providersRecent drug usePublic health goalsIndependent predictorsCare utilizationHIV serostatusDetoxification admissionsCare providersVirus testHIVNeedle exchangeDrug useClass II HLA Alleles and Hepatitis B Virus Persistence in African Americans
Thio C, Carrington M, Marti D, O'Brien S, Vlahov D, Nelson K, Astemborski J, Thomas D. Class II HLA Alleles and Hepatitis B Virus Persistence in African Americans. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1999, 179: 1004-1006. PMID: 10068598, DOI: 10.1086/314684.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAllelesBlack PeopleCohort StudiesFemaleGenes, MHC Class IIHepatitis BHLA-DQ AntigensHLA-DR AntigensHumansMaleProspective StudiesConceptsHBV persistenceHBV infectionImmune responseClass II HLA typingHepatitis B virus (HBV) persistenceHepatitis B virus infectionClass II HLA allelesB virus infectionPersistent HBV infectionClass I associationsHost immune responseClass II allelesAfrican American cohortAntigen presentationVirus infectionHLA typingHLA allelesVirus persistenceTwo-locus haplotypesAmerican cohortThree-locus haplotypesClass IIHLA complexInfectionClass IDirect Comparison of Time to AIDS and Infectious Disease Death Between HIV Seroconverter Injection Drug Users in Italy and the United States: Results From the ALIVE and ISS Studies
Pezzotti P, Galai N, Vlahov D, Rezza G, Lyles C, Astemborski J. Direct Comparison of Time to AIDS and Infectious Disease Death Between HIV Seroconverter Injection Drug Users in Italy and the United States: Results From the ALIVE and ISS Studies. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 1999, 20: 275-282. PMID: 10077177, DOI: 10.1097/00042560-199903010-00010.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeAdultFemaleHumansItalyMaleProspective StudiesSubstance Abuse, IntravenousTime FactorsUnited StatesConceptsInjection drug usersDate of seroconversionYear of seroconversionMedian timeRelative hazardGroups of IDUsDrug usersInfectious diseasesCohort of IDUsFirst positive HIV testClinic-based cohortSimilar median timeHIV disease progressionProspective cohort studyPositive HIV testInjection drug useCommunity-based cohortHIV-positive individualsInfectious disease deathsTime of seroconversionDrug use characteristicsTerms of ageProportion of womenALIVE studyCohort studyA prospective, community‐based evaluation of liver enzymes in individuals with hepatitis C after drug use
Inglesby T, Rai R, Astemborski J, Gruskin L, Nelson K, Vlahov D, Thomas D. A prospective, community‐based evaluation of liver enzymes in individuals with hepatitis C after drug use. Hepatology 1999, 29: 590-596. PMID: 9918940, DOI: 10.1002/hep.510290219.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSerum ALT levelsALT levelsALT valuesDrug usePrior illicit drug useSerum alanine transaminase levelsAlanine transaminase levelsNormal ALT valuesHepatitis C virusIllicit drug useImportant disease outcomesElevated ALTHepatitis CTransaminase levelsInitial visitLiver biopsyVisit variabilityC virusCommunity-based evaluationLiver enzymesDisease outcomeHCVPatientsMore visitsNatural historyAccess to antiretroviral treatment among French HIV infected injection drug users: the influence of continued drug use. MANIF 2000 Study Group.
Carrieri M, Moatti J, Vlahov D, Obadia Y, Reynaud-Maurupt C, Chesney M. Access to antiretroviral treatment among French HIV infected injection drug users: the influence of continued drug use. MANIF 2000 Study Group. Journal Of Epidemiology & Community Health 1999, 53: 4. PMID: 10326045, PMCID: PMC1756774, DOI: 10.1136/jech.53.1.4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsActive injection drug usersInjection drug usersAntiretroviral treatmentFrench HIVDrug useDrug usersFormer injection drug usersDetailed clinical historyPast drug useEx-IDUsIDU patientsClinical stageClinical historyAIDS careHospital careAIDS specialistsCell countNew treatmentsRisk behaviorsHospital departmentsLogistic regressionHIVPatientsPhysiciansTreatment