1998
Sex differences in HIV-1 viral load and progression to AIDS
Farzadegan H, Hoover D, Astemborski J, Lyles C, Margolick J, Markham R, Quinn T, Vlahov D. Sex differences in HIV-1 viral load and progression to AIDS. The Lancet 1998, 352: 1510-1514. PMID: 9820299, DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(98)02372-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersCD4 cell countProportional hazards modelBranched-chain DNAViral loadQuantitative microcultureReverse transcriptase-PCRPlasma HIV-1 RNA measurementsCell countHIV-1 RNA measurementsUnivariate proportional hazard modelHIV-1 viral loadSame viral loadViral load associationsVisit 3 yearsHIV-1 loadViral load measurementsAntiretroviral therapyAntiretroviral treatmentBaseline visitCommunity clinicsObservational studyHIV-1Current recommendationsHigh riskPrognostic Indicators for AIDS and Infectious Disease Death in HIV-Infected Injection Drug Users: Plasma Viral Load and CD4+ Cell Count
Vlahov D, Graham N, Hoover D, Flynn C, Bartlett J, Margolick J, Lyles C, Nelson K, Smith D, Holmberg S, Farzadegan H. Prognostic Indicators for AIDS and Infectious Disease Death in HIV-Infected Injection Drug Users: Plasma Viral Load and CD4+ Cell Count. JAMA 1998, 279: 35-40. PMID: 9424041, DOI: 10.1001/jama.279.1.35.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeAdultAIDS-Related Opportunistic InfectionsBiomarkersBlack or African AmericanCD4 Lymphocyte CountDisease ProgressionFemaleHIV-1HumansMalePrognosisProportional Hazards ModelsProspective StudiesRegression AnalysisRNA, ViralSubstance Abuse, IntravenousSurvival AnalysisViral LoadConceptsInfectious disease deathsInjection drug usersPlasma viral loadViral loadDisease deathsCell countDrug usersPrognostic indicatorHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) viral loadAfrican American injection drug usersPlasma HIV-1 RNAHIV-1 viral loadInfectious diseasesClinical AIDS diagnosisLevels of CD4Kaplan-Meier analysisHIV-1 RNAPrognosis of personsPowerful prognostic informationProportional hazards modelCases of AIDSGood predictive valueCell count measurementsMedian followCohort study
1997
Drug use. Vancouver Conference Review.
Des Jarlais D, Friedman S, Hagan H, Paone D, Vlahov D. Drug use. Vancouver Conference Review. AIDS Care 1997, 9: 53-7. PMID: 9155916.Commentaries, Editorials and Letters
1995
Clinical characteristics and prognostic value of acute retroviral syndrome among injecting drug users
Dorrucci M, Rezza G, Vlahov D, Pezzotti P, Sinicco A, Nicolosi A, Lazzarin A, Galai N, Gafà S, Pristerà R. Clinical characteristics and prognostic value of acute retroviral syndrome among injecting drug users. AIDS 1995, 9: 597-604. PMID: 7662199, DOI: 10.1097/00002030-199506000-00011.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAcute retroviral syndromeHIV infectionHIV seroconvertersRelative hazardDrug usersFirst positive HIV testYear of seroconversionPositive HIV testRate of CD4Kaplan-Meier estimatesCumulative AIDS incidenceAsymptomatic seroconvertersHIV seroconversionClinical characteristicsHIV testClinical progressionPrognostic valueProspective studyClinical centersSeroconvertersCell declineSeroconversionCell countSyndromeNatural history
1994
Validation of the proposed World Health Organization staging system for HIV disease and infection in a cohort of intravenous drug users
Aylward R, Vlahov D, Muñoz A, Rapiti E. Validation of the proposed World Health Organization staging system for HIV disease and infection in a cohort of intravenous drug users. AIDS 1994, 8: 1129-1134. PMID: 7986411, DOI: 10.1097/00002030-199408000-00015.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntravenous drug usersClinical stage 1Proportional hazards modelStaging systemProduct limit estimatesWorld Health OrganizationALIVE studyHIV diseaseHazards modelPopulation of IVDUWorld Health Organization (WHO) staging systemDrug usersCox proportional hazards modelStage 1WHO staging systemTime of progressionStage 2Index visitHIV seropositivityHIV-seropositivePrognostic utilityClinical stageClinical criteriaOriginal cohortClinical signs
1993
Increased Mortality Associated With Vitamin A Deficiency During Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection
Semba R, Graham N, Caiaffa W, Margolick J, Clement L, Vlahov D. Increased Mortality Associated With Vitamin A Deficiency During Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection. JAMA Internal Medicine 1993, 153: 2149-2154. PMID: 8379807, DOI: 10.1001/archinte.1993.00410180103012.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infectionHIV-1-seropositive individualsVirus type 1 infectionCD4 T cellsHIV-1 infectionType 1 infectionPlasma vitaminT cellsHIV-1-seronegative individualsMean plasma vitaminLow CD4 levelsIntravenous drug usersHIV-seropositive participantsBlood cell countImportant risk factorNormal immune functionMumol/LCD4 levelsSeronegative individualsImmunologic statusSerologic markersClinical outcomesLiver diseaseSeropositive individualsIncreased Mortality
1992
Prognostic indicators for development of AIDS among intravenous drug users.
Muñoz A, Vlahov D, Solomon L, Margolick J, Bareta J, Cohn S, Astemborski J, Nelson K. Prognostic indicators for development of AIDS among intravenous drug users. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 1992, 5: 694-700. PMID: 1613668.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCD4 cell countIntravenous drug usersClinical symptomsDrug usersCell countHigher CD4 cell countsHIV-1-related symptomsSeropositive intravenous drug usersPneumocystis carinii prophylaxisIntravenous drug useDevelopment of AIDSDose-response relationshipYear of enrollmentSerum neopterinLaboratory markersSerum betaPrognostic indicatorClinical evaluationAntiviral agentsRelative hazardDrug useSurvival analysisMultivariate analysisSignificant associationAIDS