1999
Serologic evidence of rickettsialpox (Rickettsia akari) infection among intravenous drug users in inner-city Baltimore, Maryland.
Comer J, Tzianabos T, Flynn C, Vlahov D, Childs J. Serologic evidence of rickettsialpox (Rickettsia akari) infection among intravenous drug users in inner-city Baltimore, Maryland. American Journal Of Tropical Medicine And Hygiene 1999, 60: 894-8. PMID: 10403316, DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.1999.60.894.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAntibodies, BacterialBaltimoreCohort StudiesCross ReactionsDrinkingFemaleFluorescent Antibody Technique, IndirectHIV SeropositivityHumansIll-Housed PersonsMaleRickettsiaRickettsia InfectionsRickettsia rickettsiiRisk FactorsSeroepidemiologic StudiesSubstance Abuse, IntravenousUrban PopulationConceptsIntravenous drug usersInner-city BaltimoreDrug usersSerologic evidenceSerum samplesAcute febrile illnessR. rickettsiiR. akariHuman immunodeficiency virusSignificant risk factorsSignificant inverse associationCross-adsorption studiesPresence of antibodiesSingle serum sampleR. akari infectionFrequency of injectionsFever group rickettsiaeFebrile illnessUndetermined etiologyImmunodeficiency virusInverse associationRisk factorsGroup-specific antibodiesDrug useHigh titers
1996
Antibodies to Bartonella Species in Inner-city Intravenous Drug Users in Baltimore, Md
Comer J, Flynn C, Regnery R, Vlahov D, Childs J. Antibodies to Bartonella Species in Inner-city Intravenous Drug Users in Baltimore, Md. JAMA Internal Medicine 1996, 156: 2491-2495. PMID: 8944742, DOI: 10.1001/archinte.1996.00440200111014.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntravenous drug usersHuman immunodeficiency virus statusB quintanaRisk factorsDrug usersB henselaeDrug useVirus statusHuman immunodeficiency virus-seropositive individualsHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionSerum samplesImmunodeficiency virus infectionAvailable serum samplesSignificant risk factorsBehavioral risk factorsPossible risk factorsSignificant inverse associationIndirect immunofluorescent antibodyFrequency of injectionsUrban transmission cyclesBartonella speciesBartonella organismsMode of transmissionCurrent natural historyImmunodeficiency syndrome
1991
Trends of HIV-1 Risk Reduction among Initiates into Intravenous Drug Use 1982–1987
Vlahov D, Anthony J, Celentano D, Solomon L, Chowdhury N. Trends of HIV-1 Risk Reduction among Initiates into Intravenous Drug Use 1982–1987. The American Journal Of Drug And Alcohol Abuse 1991, 17: 39-48. PMID: 2038982, DOI: 10.3109/00952999108992808.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntravenous drug usersFirst injectionHIV-1 risk reductionActive intravenous drug usersCross-sectional interview studyNew sterile needlesNeedle-sharing partnersFrequency of injectionsLow-risk practicesSelf-administered drugsFirst drugInjection practicesSterile needleDrug usersInitial injectionAIDS epidemicRisk practicesCocaine epidemicInjectionRisk reductionMantel-Haenszel statisticsHeroinSuccessive cohortsCocaineDrugs