2005
Liver enzyme values in injection drug users with chronic hepatitis C
Mehta S, Netski D, Sulkowski M, Strathdee S, Vlahov D, Thomas D. Liver enzyme values in injection drug users with chronic hepatitis C. Digestive And Liver Disease 2005, 37: 674-680. PMID: 15951255, DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2005.03.009.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHepatitis C virusHepatitis C virus-infected personsAcute viral hepatitisLiver enzyme valuesVirus-infected personsC virusAminotransferase levelsViral hepatitisAlanine aminotransferaseAlanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase ratioChronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infectionEnzyme valuesHepatitis C virus infectionAspartate aminotransferase ratioC virus infectionChronic hepatitis CHigher alanine aminotransferaseInjection drug usersHepatitis CAminotransferase ratioSerologic testingLiver enzymesULNVirus infectionDrug usersCommunity Incidence of Hepatitis B and C among Reincarcerated Women
Macalino G, Vlahov D, Dickinson B, Schwartzapfel B, Rich J. Community Incidence of Hepatitis B and C among Reincarcerated Women. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2005, 41: 998-1002. PMID: 16142665, DOI: 10.1086/432936.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHepatitis B virusIncidence of HBVHCV infectionHepatitis BHepatitis C virus infectionC virus infectionDrug treatment servicesDrug-dependent personsIncident infectionsHIV testingBaseline prevalenceB virusCommunity incidenceIncidence rateVirus infectionTreatment servicesDrug useDrug dependenceInfectious diseasesInfectionSerum samplesIncidenceStudy periodWomenHCV
2004
An analysis of tumor necrosis factor α gene polymorphisms and haplotypes with natural clearance of hepatitis C virus infection
Thio C, Goedert J, Mosbruger T, Vlahov D, Strathdee S, O'Brien S, Astemborski J, Thomas D. An analysis of tumor necrosis factor α gene polymorphisms and haplotypes with natural clearance of hepatitis C virus infection. Genes & Immunity 2004, 5: 294-300. PMID: 15071492, DOI: 10.1038/sj.gene.6364072.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHepatitis C virus infectionC virus infectionHuman leukocyte antigenHCV infectionSingle nucleotide polymorphismsVirus infectionBlack subjectsTumor Necrosis Factor-α Gene PolymorphismsNecrosis factor-α gene polymorphismsCytokine tumor necrosis factor alphaTNF single nucleotide polymorphismsTumor necrosis factor alphaRole of TNFFunction of TNFΑ gene polymorphismsNecrosis factor alphaCohort of individualsHCV outcomesHCV clearanceViral clearanceLeukocyte antigenViral persistenceFactor alphaImmune responseNatural clearance
2003
Variability in the Incidence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis B Virus, and Hepatitis C Virus Infection among Young Injecting Drug Users in New York City
Des Jarlais D, Diaz T, Perlis T, Vlahov D, Maslow C, Latka M, Rockwell R, Edwards V, Friedman S, Monterroso E, Williams I, Garfein R. Variability in the Incidence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis B Virus, and Hepatitis C Virus Infection among Young Injecting Drug Users in New York City. American Journal Of Epidemiology 2003, 157: 467-471. PMID: 12615611, DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwf222.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHepatitis B virusHuman immunodeficiency virusHepatitis C virusImmunodeficiency virusB virusDrug usersHepatitis C virus infectionC virus infectionInjecting Drug UsersHigh HIV seroprevalenceHigh rateHBV incidenceHCV incidenceHCV transmissionCohort studyHIV seroprevalenceHIV incidenceHIV transmissionYoung Injecting Drug UsersC virusVirus infectionNew York CityIncidenceVirusYork City
2002
HLA-Cw*04 and Hepatitis C Virus Persistence
Thio C, Gao X, Goedert J, Vlahov D, Nelson K, Hilgartner M, O'Brien S, Karacki P, Astemborski J, Carrington M, Thomas D. HLA-Cw*04 and Hepatitis C Virus Persistence. Journal Of Virology 2002, 76: 4792-4797. PMID: 11967296, PMCID: PMC136132, DOI: 10.1128/jvi.76.10.4792-4797.2002.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman leukocyte antigenHCV infectionViral persistenceAcute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infectionAssociation of HLAHepatitis C virus infectionHepatitis C virus (HCV) persistenceKiller immunoglobulin-like receptorsClass I human leukocyte antigenEarly host immune responseC virus infectionHCV RNA levelsNatural killer cellsImmunoglobulin-like receptorsCytolytic T cellsHost immune responsePolymorphic HLA genesHCV clearanceHCV persistenceKiller cellsViral clearanceLeukocyte antigenPx groupForeign antigensT cellsHigh Prevalence of Iron Deficiency and Anemia Among Female Injection Drug Users With and Without HIV Infection.
Semba R, Shah N, Strathdee S, Vlahov D. High Prevalence of Iron Deficiency and Anemia Among Female Injection Drug Users With and Without HIV Infection. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2002, 29: 142. PMID: 11832682, DOI: 10.1097/00042560-200202010-00005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFemale injection drug usersInjection drug usersIron deficiency anemiaHIV infectionDeficiency anemiaIron deficiencyIron supplementationDrug usersHigh mortalityHepatitis C virus infectionC virus infectionHIV-negative womenHepatitis C infectionPrevalence of anemiaHepatitis C virusCross-sectional studyProgression of diseaseC infectionPlasma ferritinC virusOverall prevalenceHigh prevalenceVirus infectionAnemia patientsAnemiaHigh Prevalence of Iron Deficiency and Anemia Among Female Injection Drug Users With and Without HIV Infection
Semba R, Shah N, Strathdee S, Vlahov D. High Prevalence of Iron Deficiency and Anemia Among Female Injection Drug Users With and Without HIV Infection. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2002, 29: 142-144. DOI: 10.1097/00126334-200202010-00005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchFemale injection drug usersInjection drug usersIron deficiency anemiaHIV infectionDeficiency anemiaIron deficiencyIron supplementationDrug usersHigh mortalityHepatitis C virus infectionC virus infectionHIV-negative womenHepatitis C infectionPrevalence of anemiaHepatitis C virusCross-sectional studyProgression of diseaseC infectionPlasma ferritinC virusOverall prevalenceHigh prevalenceVirus infectionAnemia patientsAnemia
2001
Isoniazid Preventive Therapy, Hepatitis C Virus Infection, and Hepatotoxicity among Injection Drug Users Infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Sadaphal P, Astemborski J, Graham N, Sheely L, Bonds M, Madison A, Vlahov D, Thomas D, Sterling T. Isoniazid Preventive Therapy, Hepatitis C Virus Infection, and Hepatotoxicity among Injection Drug Users Infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2001, 33: 1687-1691. PMID: 11641824, PMCID: PMC2650436, DOI: 10.1086/323896.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHepatitis C virusInjection drug usersTuberculosis infectionValue elevationDrug usersCurrent injection drug useLatent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infectionHepatitis C virus infectionHepatitis B surface antigenLow HCV prevalenceC virus infectionIsoniazid preventive therapyInjection drug useM. tuberculosis infectionMycobacterium tuberculosis infectionHIV-1 infectionHuman immunodeficiency virusB surface antigenConcurrent alcohol useDrug discontinuationHCV prevalencePreventive therapyImmunodeficiency virusProspective studyTransaminase valuesHuman Immunodeficiency Virus Seroconversion and Evolution of the Hepatitis C Virus Quasispecies
Mao Q, Ray S, Laeyendecker O, Ticehurst J, Strathdee S, Vlahov D, Thomas D. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Seroconversion and Evolution of the Hepatitis C Virus Quasispecies. Journal Of Virology 2001, 75: 3259-3267. PMID: 11238852, PMCID: PMC114119, DOI: 10.1128/jvi.75.7.3259-3267.2001.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virusHCV quasispeciesHypervariable region 1HIV seroconversionChronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infectionE2 hypervariable region 1Hepatitis C virus infectionHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seroconversionRapid HIV disease progressionHepatitis C virus quasispeciesHIV infection altersHIV-associated diseaseChronic HCV infectionC virus infectionHIV disease progressionHCV infectionHCV RNASerum levelsLiver diseaseImmunodeficiency virusDisease progressionRapid progressionVirus infectionNumber of subjectsHCV sequencesFactors associated with prevalent hepatitis C: differences among young adult injection drug users in lower and upper Manhattan, New York City
Diaz T, Des Jarlais D, Vlahov D, Perlis T, Edwards V, Friedman S, Rockwell R, Hoover D, Williams I, Monterroso E. Factors associated with prevalent hepatitis C: differences among young adult injection drug users in lower and upper Manhattan, New York City. American Journal Of Public Health 2001, 91: 23-30. PMID: 11189819, PMCID: PMC1446499, DOI: 10.2105/ajph.91.1.23.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersYoung adult injection drug usersAdult injection drug usersHepatitis B virusDrug usersHCV infectionPrevalent hepatitis C virus infectionHepatitis C virus infectionYoung injection drug usersAnti-HCV positivityPrevalent HCV infectionPrevalent hepatitis CC virus infectionHIV serologyHCV antibodiesHepatitis CB virusVirus infectionDrug treatmentDrug useHCVNew York CitySex practicesInfectionUpper Manhattan
2000
The Natural History of Hepatitis C Virus Infection: Host, Viral, and Environmental Factors
Thomas D, Astemborski J, Rai R, Anania F, Schaeffer M, Galai N, Nolt K, Nelson K, Strathdee S, Johnson L, Laeyendecker O, Boitnott J, Wilson L, Vlahov D. The Natural History of Hepatitis C Virus Infection: Host, Viral, and Environmental Factors. JAMA 2000, 284: 450-456. PMID: 10904508, DOI: 10.1001/jama.284.4.450.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEnd-stage liver diseaseInjection drug useHepatitis C virus infectionC virus infectionHuman immunodeficiency virusViral clearanceHCV infectionLiver diseaseDrug usePersistent viremiaVirus infectionCases of ESLDRisk of ESLDCommunity-based prospective cohort studyAntibody-positive test resultPresence of ascitesProspective cohort studyCause of deathUtilization of treatmentMajority of adultsSemiannual visitsCohort studyHCV RNAEsophageal varicesImmunodeficiency virus
1999
Persistence of viremia and the importance of long‐term follow‐up after acute hepatitis C infection
Villano S, Vlahov D, Nelson K, Cohn S, Thomas D. Persistence of viremia and the importance of long‐term follow‐up after acute hepatitis C infection. Hepatology 1999, 29: 908-914. PMID: 10051497, DOI: 10.1002/hep.510290311.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRecombinant immunoblot assayHCV RNAAcute infectionViral clearanceAcute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infectionAcute hepatitis C infectionHepatitis C virus infectionPersistence of viremiaAcute HCV infectionAcute hepatitis CC virus infectionHepatitis C infectionTime of seroconversionPeak viral titersHealth care providersSingle laboratory testIllicit drug useHCV seroconversionC infectionHCV infectionHepatitis CPersistent viremiaClinical featuresHCV subtypesPolymerase chain reaction
1998
The role of needle exchange programs in HIV prevention.
Vlahov D, Junge B. The role of needle exchange programs in HIV prevention. Public Health Reports 1998, 113 Suppl 1: 75-80. PMID: 9722812, PMCID: PMC1307729.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virusNeedle exchange programsCase-control studyNeedle exchangeHIV preventionMultiperson useNew Haven's needle exchange programDrug usersDrug useBlood-borne viral infectionsHepatitis C virus infectionSyringe-sharing behaviorsC virus infectionBlood-borne infectionsInjection drug useBlood-borne pathogensPossession of syringesSyringe trackingHCV infectionHepatitis BHIV seroincidenceHIV infectionImmunodeficiency syndromeHIV transmissionImmunodeficiency virusPrevalence and Incidence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Among Young Adult Injection Drug Users
Garfein R, Doherty M, Monterroso E, Thomas D, Nelson K, Vlahov D. Prevalence and Incidence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Among Young Adult Injection Drug Users. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 1998, 18: s11-s19. PMID: 9663618, DOI: 10.1097/00042560-199802001-00004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsYoung adult injection drug usersAdult injection drug usersInjection drug usersHepatitis C virus infectionC virus infectionHCV infectionVirus infectionDrug usersHCV-seronegative participantsTransmission of HCVCommunity-based outreachSecond-generation antibodiesHCV seroconversionHCV seroprevalenceCommunity outreach educationProspective studyRisk factorsSemiannual interviewsHigh riskInjecting practicesSterile syringesBivariate analysisLogistic regressionInfectionHCV
1997
Incidence and risk factors for hepatitis C among injection drug users in Baltimore, Maryland
Villano S, Vlahov D, Nelson K, Lyles C, Cohn S, Thomas D. Incidence and risk factors for hepatitis C among injection drug users in Baltimore, Maryland. Journal Of Clinical Microbiology 1997, 35: 3274-3277. PMID: 9399533, PMCID: PMC230161, DOI: 10.1128/jcm.35.12.3274-3277.1997.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersHCV infectionRisk factorsDrug usersDrug useDrug paraphernaliaHepatitis C virus infectionC virus infectionAnnual incidence rateActive drug useHigh-risk sexual practicesSharing of needlesHCV seroconversionHepatitis CAntibody testingOverall incidenceIncidence rateVirus infectionSerum samplesInfectionIncidenceHCVSexual practicesFrequent useParticipants
1996
Effect of Human Immunodeficiency Virus on Hepatitis C Virus Infection among Injecting Drug Users
Thomas D, Shih J, Alter H, Vlahov D, Cohn S, Hoover D, Cheung L, Nelson K. Effect of Human Immunodeficiency Virus on Hepatitis C Virus Infection among Injecting Drug Users. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1996, 174: 690-695. PMID: 8843204, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/174.4.690.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSerum HCV RNA concentrationHepatitis C virus infectionC virus infectionHCV RNA concentrationHIV infectionVirus infectionAlanine aminotransferaseDrug usersHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) immunosuppressionCD4 cells/HIV-negative patientsHIV-positive IDUsStage of HIVCD4 lymphocyte countHCV RNA levelsSerum ALT levelsHIV-negative participantsHuman immunodeficiency virusInjecting Drug UsersRNA concentrationSemiannual visitsALT levelsHCV infectionHIV RNAHIV seroconversion
1995
Correlates of Hepatitis C Virus Infections among Injection Drug Users
Thomas D, Vlahov D, Solomon L, Cohn S, Taylor E, Garfein R, Nelson K. Correlates of Hepatitis C Virus Infections among Injection Drug Users. Medicine 1995, 74: 212-220. PMID: 7623656, DOI: 10.1097/00005792-199507000-00005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersHepatitis C virus infectionC virus infectionHuman immunodeficiency virusHCV infectionDrug usersVirus infectionMajority of HCVYears of injectingLong-term drug usersHCV RNASerologic evidenceImmunodeficiency virusBloodborne pathogensInjection drugsViral persistenceImmune responsePersistent infectionHigh riskHCVDrug useBiologic basisStudy participantsInfectionIllicit drugsOccupational risk of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus infections among funeral service practitioners in Maryland.
Gershon R, Vlahov D, Farzadegan H, Alter M. Occupational risk of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus infections among funeral service practitioners in Maryland. Infection Control And Hospital Epidemiology 1995, 16: 194-7. PMID: 7636165, DOI: 10.1086/647089.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virusHepatitis B virusHepatitis B vaccinationHepatitis C virusB vaccinationImmunodeficiency virusBloodborne pathogensB virusNon-occupational risk factorsHepatitis C virus infectionHepatitis B surface antigenHepatitis B surface antibodyBloodborne pathogen infectionsC virus infectionDoses of vaccineHepatitis B vaccineB surface antigenMarker of protectionB surface antibodyAdequate titersBloodborne exposuresHBV infectionHCV infectionB vaccineHIV infectionOccupational Risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis B Virus, and Hepatitis C Virus Infections Among Funeral Service Practitioners in Maryland
Gershon R, Vlahov D, Farzadegan H, Alter M. Occupational Risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis B Virus, and Hepatitis C Virus Infections Among Funeral Service Practitioners in Maryland. Infection Control And Hospital Epidemiology 1995, 16: 194-197. DOI: 10.2307/30140977.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virusHepatitis B virusHepatitis B vaccinationHepatitis C virusB vaccinationImmunodeficiency virusBloodborne pathogensB virusNon-occupational risk factorsHepatitis C virus infectionHepatitis B surface antigenHepatitis B surface antibodyBloodborne pathogen infectionsC virus infectionDoses of vaccineHepatitis B vaccineB surface antigenMarker of protectionB surface antibodyAdequate titersBloodborne exposuresHBV infectionHCV infectionB vaccineHIV infection
1993
Prevalence and incidence of hepatitis C virus infection among male prison inmates in Maryland
Vlahov D, Nelson K, Quinn T, Kendig N. Prevalence and incidence of hepatitis C virus infection among male prison inmates in Maryland. European Journal Of Epidemiology 1993, 9: 566-569. PMID: 8307145, DOI: 10.1007/bf00209538.Peer-Reviewed Original Research