2003
Genetic influence of CXCR6 chemokine receptor alleles on PCP-mediated AIDS progression among African Americans
Duggal P, An P, Beaty T, Strathdee S, Farzadegan H, Markham R, Johnson L, O'Brien S, Vlahov D, Winkler C. Genetic influence of CXCR6 chemokine receptor alleles on PCP-mediated AIDS progression among African Americans. Genes & Immunity 2003, 4: 245-250. PMID: 12761559, DOI: 10.1038/sj.gene.6363950.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPneumocystis carinii pneumoniaLate-stage HIV-1 infectionAfrican AmericansHIV-1 infectionMedian survival timeSIV infectionCarinii pneumoniaChemokine receptorsAIDS progressionPrimary coreceptorSurvival timeK polymorphismInitial infectionCXCR6Receptor allelesInfectionProgressionSingle nucleotide polymorphismsDeathK genotypesAIDSCoreceptorNucleotide polymorphismsGenetic influencesAllele frequenciesEffects of CCR5-Δ32 and CCR2-64I alleles on HIV-1 disease progression
Mulherin S, O'Brien T, Ioannidis J, Goedert J, Buchbinder S, Coutinho R, Jamieson B, Meyer L, Michael N, Pantaleo G, Rizzardi G, Schuitemaker H, Sheppard H, Theodorou I, Vlahov D, Rosenberg P. Effects of CCR5-Δ32 and CCR2-64I alleles on HIV-1 disease progression. AIDS 2003, 17: 377-387. PMID: 12556692, DOI: 10.1097/00002030-200302140-00012.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-1 disease progressionHIV-1 seroconvertersCCR5-Delta32CCR2-64ICourse of infectionDisease progressionLower riskChemokine receptor gene polymorphismsCox proportional hazards modelHIV-1 infectionIndividual patient dataCCR2-64I alleleProportional hazards modelReceptor gene polymorphismsCCR2-64I.Disease courseSurvival benefitHazards modelGene polymorphismsCCR5-Δ32Significant protectionAIDSPatient dataInfectionSeroconverters
2001
Effects of CCR5-Delta32, CCR2-64I, and SDF-1 3'A alleles on HIV-1 disease progression: An international meta-analysis of individual-patient data.
Ioannidis J, Rosenberg P, Goedert J, Ashton L, Benfield T, Buchbinder S, Coutinho R, Eugen-Olsen J, Gallart T, Katzenstein T, Kostrikis L, Kuipers H, Louie L, Mallal S, Margolick J, Martinez O, Meyer L, Michael N, Operskalski E, Pantaleo G, Rizzardi G, Schuitemaker H, Sheppard H, Stewart G, Theodorou I, Ullum H, Vicenzi E, Vlahov D, Wilkinson D, Workman C, Zagury J, O'Brien T. Effects of CCR5-Delta32, CCR2-64I, and SDF-1 3'A alleles on HIV-1 disease progression: An international meta-analysis of individual-patient data. Annals Of Internal Medicine 2001, 135: 782-95. PMID: 11694103, DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-135-9-200111060-00008.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-1 infectionCCR2-64I alleleHIV-1 RNA levelsHIV-1 disease progressionDevelopment of AIDSIndividual patient dataCCR5-Delta32Decreased riskDisease progressionProtective effectLower HIV-1 RNA levelsRNA levelsProspective cohort studyCase-control studyClear protective effectStrong protective effectChemokine receptor genesRandom-effects modelCCR2-64ICohort studyStudy entryCertain chemokinesAIDSInfectionProgressionDynamics of behavioral risk factors for HIV/AIDS: a 6-year prospective study of injection drug users
Celentano D, Muñoz A, Cohn S, Vlahov D. Dynamics of behavioral risk factors for HIV/AIDS: a 6-year prospective study of injection drug users. Drug And Alcohol Dependence 2001, 61: 315-322. PMID: 11164696, DOI: 10.1016/s0376-8716(00)00154-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBehavioral risk factorsInjection drug usersProspective studyHIV transmissionRisk factorsDrug usersHIV behavioral risk factorsIncremental risk reductionHIV/AIDSRisk reductionHIV-seronegativesTime-dependent covariatesDrug injectorsHigh riskRisk behaviorsBehavioral risksBehavior changeRisky behaviorsRegression modelsLongitudinal predictorsRiskSeronegativesHIVAIDSAbstinence
2000
Influence of CCR5 promoter haplotypes on AIDS progression in African–Americans
An P, Martin M, Nelson G, Carrington M, Smith M, Gong K, Vlahov D, O'Brien S, Winkler C. Influence of CCR5 promoter haplotypes on AIDS progression in African–Americans. AIDS 2000, 14: 2117-2122. PMID: 11061652, DOI: 10.1097/00002030-200009290-00007.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCCR5 promoter haplotypesAIDS progressionSurvival analysisAfrican AmericansNatural history cohort studyPromoter haplotypesRate of progressionPromoter variantsCohort studyCCR5 alleleRapid progressionCaucasian cohortProgressionCaucasiansComplete linkage disequilibriumCCR2AIDSUnidentified polymorphismsRacial groupsLinkage disequilibriumSeroconvertersCCR5CohortHaplotypesIncreased Frequency of Overdose Deaths Among HIV-Infected Injection Drug Users
Vlahov D, Tang A, Lyles C, Rezza G, Thomas D, Cohn S, Macalino G, Stambolis V, Nelson K. Increased Frequency of Overdose Deaths Among HIV-Infected Injection Drug Users. Addiction Research & Theory 2000, 8: 311-326. DOI: 10.3109/16066350009009518.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchInjection drug usersCause-specific mortalityHTV infectionOverdose deathsDrug usersUninfected personsPerson-time techniquesOverall mortality rateFrequency of AIDSOnset of AIDSCorrelates of deathMedian ageHIV serostatusPerson yearsExcess riskDrug overdoseMortality ratePoisson regressionRecord searchUnderlying causeInfectionMortalityDeathAIDSBaseline
1999
Longitudinal Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Load in the Italian Seroconversion Study: Correlates and Temporal Trends of Virus Load
Lyles C, Dorrucci M, Vlahov D, Pezzotti P, Angarano G, Sinicco A, Alberici F, Alcorn T, Vella S, Rezza G. Longitudinal Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Load in the Italian Seroconversion Study: Correlates and Temporal Trends of Virus Load. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1999, 180: 1018-1024. PMID: 10479126, DOI: 10.1086/314980.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-1 loadVirus loadHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) loadHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) seroconvertersCD4 cells/microL.Low CD4 cell countsItalian Seroconversion StudyCD4 cell countCells/microL.Injection drug useCourse of diseaseReverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reactionHigh virus loadTranscriptase-polymerase chain reactionClinical AIDSMale sexProspective studyDisease progressionSeroconversion StudyCell countDrug useSustained increaseSeroconversionAIDSFrozen serumCell-associated infectious HIV-1 viral load as a predictor of clinical progression and survival among HIV-1 infected injection drug users and homosexual men
Lyles C, Graham N, Astemborski J, Vlahov D, Margolick J, Saah A, Farzadegan H. Cell-associated infectious HIV-1 viral load as a predictor of clinical progression and survival among HIV-1 infected injection drug users and homosexual men. European Journal Of Epidemiology 1999, 15: 99-108. PMID: 10204638, DOI: 10.1023/a:1007556327269.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeAdultAIDS-Related Opportunistic InfectionsBacterial InfectionsCause of DeathCD4 Lymphocyte CountCohort StudiesConfidence IntervalsDisease ProgressionFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHIV InfectionsHIV-1Homosexuality, MaleHumansImmunocompromised HostLeukocytes, MononuclearMalePredictive Value of TestsProportional Hazards ModelsRisk FactorsSubstance Abuse, IntravenousSurvival AnalysisSurvival RateViral LoadViremiaConceptsHIV-1 viral loadViral loadHomosexual menRisk groupsHIV-1Relative hazardDrug usersPeripheral blood mononuclear cellsMicroculture techniqueBlood mononuclear cellsInjection drug usersHIV-1 progressionInitial CD4Clinical progressionMononuclear cellsNegative culturesPredictive valueSurvival analysisBacterial infectionsTotal participantsAIDSProgressionInfectious unitsCells/Death
1998
Opiates as potential cofactors in progression of HIV-1 infections to AIDS
Donahoe R, Vlahov D. Opiates as potential cofactors in progression of HIV-1 infections to AIDS. Journal Of Neuroimmunology 1998, 83: 77-87. PMID: 9610676, DOI: 10.1016/s0165-5728(97)00224-5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-1 infectionEffects of opiatesOpiate useAIDS progressionEpidemiological studiesImmune processesCD4 T-cell countT-cell countsHIV-1 expressionHost protective responsesAssociation of AIDSOpiate exposureOpportunistic infectionsAIDS pathogenesisHIV-1Monkey modelOpiate abuseEpidemiological dataInfectious processClinical observationsProtective responseOpiatesInfectionAIDSDrug abuseGenetic Restriction of AIDS Pathogenesis by an SDF-1 Chemokine Gene Variant
Winkler C, Modi W, Smith M, Nelson G, Wu X, Carrington M, Dean M, Honjo T, Tashiro K, Yabe D, Buchbinder S, Vittinghoff E, Goedert J, O'Brien T, Jacobson L, Detels R, Donfield S, Willoughby A, Gomperts E, Vlahov D, Phair J, Study A, Study H, Study M, Study M, Cohort S, O'Brien S. Genetic Restriction of AIDS Pathogenesis by an SDF-1 Chemokine Gene Variant. Science 1998, 279: 389-393. PMID: 9430590, DOI: 10.1126/science.279.5349.389.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeAdultChemokine CXCL12ChemokinesChemokines, CXCCohort StudiesDisease ProgressionGenesGenetic VariationGenotypeHeterozygoteHIV InfectionsHIV-1HumansMaleMolecular Sequence DataOdds RatioPolymorphism, GeneticRacial GroupsReceptors, CCR2Receptors, CCR5Receptors, ChemokineReceptors, CXCR4Survival AnalysisT-LymphocytesConceptsSDF1-3'AGenetic restrictionRecessive protective effectOnset of AIDSAIDS Cohort StudyStromal-derived factorCohort studyImmunodeficiency syndromeAIDS pathogenesisHuman immunodeficiencyHIV-1Protective effectCommon polymorphismsReceptor variantsGene variantsPrincipal ligandAIDSHomozygous stateGenetic association analysisOnsetCD4CCR5PatientsGene transcriptsImmunodeficiency
1996
Genetic Restriction of HIV-1 Infection and Progression to AIDS by a Deletion Allele of the CKR5 Structural Gene
Dean M, Carrington M, Winkler C, Huttley G, Smith M, Allikmets R, Goedert J, Buchbinder S, Vittinghoff E, Gomperts E, Donfield S, Vlahov D, Kaslow R, Saah A, Rinaldo C, Detels R, O'Brien S. Genetic Restriction of HIV-1 Infection and Progression to AIDS by a Deletion Allele of the CKR5 Structural Gene. Science 1996, 273: 1856-1862. PMID: 8791590, DOI: 10.1126/science.273.5283.1856.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeBase SequenceChromosome MappingChromosomes, Human, Pair 3Cohort StudiesDisease ProgressionGenesHemophilia AHeterozygoteHIV InfectionsHIV-1Homosexuality, MaleHomozygoteHumansImmunity, InnateMaleMolecular Sequence DataReceptors, CCR5Receptors, CytokineReceptors, HIVRisk FactorsSequence DeletionSurvival AnalysisConceptsHIV-1 infectionHIV-1-infected individualsAntibody-negative individualsCohort studyRapid progressorsHuman immunodeficiencyDisease progressionRisk groupsT lymphocytesGenetic restrictionSurvival analysisInfected individualsDeletion alleleCaucasian populationInfectionAIDSProgressionHuman chromosome 3p21Secondary receptorGroup of individualsChromosome 3p21Certain strainsDeletion homozygotesIndividualsProgressorsCategory of exposure to HIV and age in the progression to AIDS: longitudinal study of 1199 people with known dates of seroconversion
Pezzotti P, Phillips A, Dorrucci M, Lepri A, Galai N, Vlahov D, Rezza G. Category of exposure to HIV and age in the progression to AIDS: longitudinal study of 1199 people with known dates of seroconversion. The BMJ 1996, 313: 583. PMID: 8806246, PMCID: PMC2352019, DOI: 10.1136/bmj.313.7057.583.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDate of seroconversionCategories of exposureExposure categoriesOlder subjectsInjected drugsMore rapid progressionHeterosexual sexLongitudinal studyHomosexual sexHIV treatmentAIDS pathogenesisUnivariate analysisRapid progressionAge effectsYoung subjectsHomosexual menHIVRate of developmentEvidence of differencesDisease controlAIDSSeroconversionSexAgeDefinitions of CenterExistence and Failure of T-Cell Homeostasis Prior to AIDS Onset in HIV-Infected Injection Drug Users
Galai N, Margolick J, Astemborski J, Vlahov D. Existence and Failure of T-Cell Homeostasis Prior to AIDS Onset in HIV-Infected Injection Drug Users. Clinical Immunology 1996, 79: 134-141. PMID: 8620619, DOI: 10.1006/clin.1996.0060.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersTotal T cellsT cell homeostasisT cellsHIV infectionAIDS onsetAIDS diagnosisHomosexual menDrug usersCurrent injection drug useSeropositive injection drug usersInjection drug useT cell levelsImportant prognostic valueALIVE studyClinic visitsPrognostic valueRisk groupsT lymphocytesAIDS casesLate failureDrug useHIVAIDSMonths
1995
Using social network analysis to study patterns of drug use among urban drug users at high risk for HIV/AIDS
Latkin C, Mandell W, Oziemkowska M, Celentano D, Vlahov D, Ensminger M, Knowlton A. Using social network analysis to study patterns of drug use among urban drug users at high risk for HIV/AIDS. Drug And Alcohol Dependence 1995, 38: 1-9. PMID: 7648991, DOI: 10.1016/0376-8716(94)01082-v.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDrug usersDrug useHIV infection risk behaviorsRisk behaviorsInfection risk behaviorsHIV/AIDS risk behaviorsUrban drug usersHIV/AIDSFamily membersDrug injectionAIDS risk behaviorsHigh riskStudy sampleMost participantsPersonal social networksSocial network characteristicsCurrent social relationshipsAIDSHeroinCocaineIdentification of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Primary Isolates Resistant to Interferon-α and Correlation of Prevalence to Disease Progression
Kiinzi M, Farzadegan H, Margolick J, Vlahov D, Pitha P. Identification of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Primary Isolates Resistant to Interferon-α and Correlation of Prevalence to Disease Progression. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1995, 171: 822-828. PMID: 7706808, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/171.4.822.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCD4 cell numbersHIV infectionIFN-alphaLow CD4 cell numbersSerum IFN-alpha levelsHuman immunodeficiency virusIFN-alpha levelsEndogenous IFN-alphaAbsence of AIDSCourse of infectionCell numberCorrelation of prevalenceIFN-alpha 2Immunodeficiency virusDisease progressionPrimary isolatesCell tropismResistant variantsAlpha 2InfectionAIDSPrevalenceFavor survivalSequential analysisIsolatesGeographic Variation in HIV Infection among Injecting Drug Users within Barcelona
Roca J, Vlahov D, Borrell C, Jansa J, Brugal T, Yazbeck H, Muñoz A. Geographic Variation in HIV Infection among Injecting Drug Users within Barcelona. Substance Use & Misuse 1995, 30: 219-229. PMID: 7759174, DOI: 10.3109/10826089509060744.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1994
Correlates of attitudes concerning human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome among hospital workers
Gershon R, Curbow B, Kelen G, Celantano D, Lears K, Vlahov D. Correlates of attitudes concerning human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome among hospital workers. American Journal Of Infection Control 1994, 22: 293-299. PMID: 7847636, DOI: 10.1016/0196-6553(94)90016-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHigher knowledge scoresMode of transmissionGeneral AIDS knowledgeHospital workersKnowledge scoreOccupational riskAIDS knowledgeClinical workersHuman immunodeficiency virusCross-sectional studyInner-city hospitalHIV infectionImmunodeficiency syndromeAcute careImmunodeficiency virusModifiable factorsNonclinical workersHigher scoresResponse rateCorrelates of attitudesHIVAIDSLow levelsHospital employeesScoresMaturity of human immunodeficiency virus infection and incubation period of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in injecting drug users
Alcabes P, Muñoz A, Vlahov D, Friedland G. Maturity of human immunodeficiency virus infection and incubation period of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in injecting drug users. Annals Of Epidemiology 1994, 4: 17-26. PMID: 7911376, DOI: 10.1016/1047-2797(94)90038-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeBaltimoreCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCohort StudiesConfidence IntervalsHIV InfectionsHIV SeroprevalenceHomosexualityHumansIncidenceLeukocyte CountLife TablesMaleModels, StatisticalNew York CityPlatelet CountRegression AnalysisSubstance Abuse, IntravenousSurvival RateTime FactorsConceptsHIV infectionDrug usersImmunodeficiency syndromeMedian timeCombined cohortHomosexual menHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemicPercent of CD4Immunodeficiency virus infectionIncident HIV infectionProduct-limit methodMarkers of maturityHIV incubation distributionsPlatelet countVirus infectionLarge cohortSeroconversionCohortInfectionConfidence intervalsIncubation distributionAIDSVirus epidemicPopulation groups
1992
HIV INFECTION AND AIDS AMONG U.S. PRISON INMATES
Behrendt C, Vlahov D, Clark J, Kendig N. HIV INFECTION AND AIDS AMONG U.S. PRISON INMATES. Journal Of Crime And Justice 1992, 15: 173-186. DOI: 10.1080/0735648x.1992.9721458.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionImmunodeficiency virus infectionIntravenous drug useVoluntary HIV testingOnset of AIDSCause of deathRisk reduction programsHIV infectionHIV testingHIV-positiveImmunodeficiency syndromeHigh prevalenceVirus infectionHigh riskGeneral populationElevated incidenceDrug usePrison inmatesTesting treatmentsHealth careAIDSState prison systemInfectionTreatmentMore researchPrognostic indicators for development of AIDS among intravenous drug users.
Muñoz A, Vlahov D, Solomon L, Margolick J, Bareta J, Cohn S, Astemborski J, Nelson K. Prognostic indicators for development of AIDS among intravenous drug users. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 1992, 5: 694-700. PMID: 1613668.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCD4 cell countIntravenous drug usersClinical symptomsDrug usersCell countHigher CD4 cell countsHIV-1-related symptomsSeropositive intravenous drug usersPneumocystis carinii prophylaxisIntravenous drug useDevelopment of AIDSDose-response relationshipYear of enrollmentSerum neopterinLaboratory markersSerum betaPrognostic indicatorClinical evaluationAntiviral agentsRelative hazardDrug useSurvival analysisMultivariate analysisSignificant associationAIDS