2024
Siponimod Attenuates Neuronal Cell Death Triggered by Neuroinflammation via NFκB and Mitochondrial Pathways
Gurrea-Rubio M, Wang Q, Mills E, Wu Q, Pitt D, Tsou P, Fox D, Mao-Draayer Y. Siponimod Attenuates Neuronal Cell Death Triggered by Neuroinflammation via NFκB and Mitochondrial Pathways. International Journal Of Molecular Sciences 2024, 25: 2454. PMID: 38473703, PMCID: PMC10931690, DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052454.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSecondary progressive MSRelapsing-remitting MSCentral nervous systemMultiple sclerosisProgressive MSModulator of sphingosine-1-phosphateCytokine tumor necrosis factor-alphaEffects of siponimodTumor necrosis factor-alphaHeterogeneous clinical courseBouts of inflammationNeuroprotective effectsPreclinical animal modelsAutoimmune demyelinating diseaseNecrosis factor-alphaMitochondrial oxidative phosphorylationHuman induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neuronsSphingosine-1-phosphateCytokine signaling pathwaysClinical courseLive cell analysisProgressive diseaseOral treatmentMitochondrial pathwayFactor-alpha
2000
Glutamate excitotoxicity — a mechanism for axonal damage and oligodendrocyte death in Multiple Sclerosis?
Werner P, Pitt D, Raine CS. Glutamate excitotoxicity — a mechanism for axonal damage and oligodendrocyte death in Multiple Sclerosis? Journal Of Neural Transmission. Supplementa 2000, 375-385. PMID: 11205156, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-6301-6_27.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCentral nervous systemAMPA/kainate antagonistMultiple sclerosisGlutamate excitotoxicityImmune cellsKainate antagonistAxonal damageAntigen-primed T cellsMyelin-producing cellsLack of effectSite of entryCNS inflammationInflammatory attacksExperimental autoimmunePerivascular cuffsAutoimmune demyelinationInflammatory lesionsClinical differencesOligodendrocyte survivalEffective therapyGlutamate receptorsOligodendrocyte deathT cellsExcitotoxicityLesion size