2024
Siponimod Attenuates Neuronal Cell Death Triggered by Neuroinflammation via NFκB and Mitochondrial Pathways
Gurrea-Rubio M, Wang Q, Mills E, Wu Q, Pitt D, Tsou P, Fox D, Mao-Draayer Y. Siponimod Attenuates Neuronal Cell Death Triggered by Neuroinflammation via NFκB and Mitochondrial Pathways. International Journal Of Molecular Sciences 2024, 25: 2454. PMID: 38473703, PMCID: PMC10931690, DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052454.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSecondary progressive MSRelapsing-remitting MSCentral nervous systemMultiple sclerosisProgressive MSModulator of sphingosine-1-phosphateCytokine tumor necrosis factor-alphaEffects of siponimodTumor necrosis factor-alphaHeterogeneous clinical courseBouts of inflammationNeuroprotective effectsPreclinical animal modelsAutoimmune demyelinating diseaseNecrosis factor-alphaMitochondrial oxidative phosphorylationHuman induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neuronsSphingosine-1-phosphateCytokine signaling pathwaysClinical courseLive cell analysisProgressive diseaseOral treatmentMitochondrial pathwayFactor-alpha
2022
Dimethyl Fumarate Reduces Inflammation in Chronic Active Multiple Sclerosis Lesions
Zinger N, Ponath G, Sweeney E, Nguyen TD, Lo CH, Diaz I, Dimov A, Teng L, Zexter L, Comunale J, Wang Y, Pitt D, Gauthier SA. Dimethyl Fumarate Reduces Inflammation in Chronic Active Multiple Sclerosis Lesions. Neurology Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation 2022, 9: e1138. PMID: 35046083, PMCID: PMC8771666, DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000001138.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsChronic active lesionsGlatiramer acetateRim lesionsHuman microgliaDimethyl fumarateMultiple sclerosisActive lesionsChronic active multiple sclerosis lesionsEffects of DMFActive multiple sclerosis lesionsClass III evidenceMarkers of inflammationRelapsing-remitting MSRetrospective observational studyQuantitative susceptibility mappingMultiple sclerosis lesionsActivation stateTreatment-induced changesMRI quantitative susceptibility mappingMicroglial activityGlial activityInflammatory activationMicroglial cellsObservational studyMS lesions