2005
Neural circuitry of judgment and decision mechanisms
Opris I, Bruce CJ. Neural circuitry of judgment and decision mechanisms. Brain Research Reviews 2005, 48: 509-526. PMID: 15914255, DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.11.001.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDecision formationNeural circuitrySystems neuroscience approachHigher cognitive functionsOptimal behavioral responseNeuroscience approachResponse selectionReward expectationDecision mechanismCognitive functionNeural activitySensory inputBehavioral outputPrimate brainPrior experienceBehavioral responsesSubcortical areasDeliberation processCortical loopDecision circuitCircuitryJudgmentsDynamic interactionActivation thresholdSelection bias
2000
Supplementary Eye Field: Representation of Saccades and Relationship Between Neural Response Fields and Elicited Eye Movements
Russo G, Bruce C. Supplementary Eye Field: Representation of Saccades and Relationship Between Neural Response Fields and Elicited Eye Movements. Journal Of Neurophysiology 2000, 84: 2605-2621. PMID: 11068002, DOI: 10.1152/jn.2000.84.5.2605.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSupplementary eye fieldElicited saccadesEye fieldElicited eye movementsSaccade directionVisual field coordinatesPeripheral target locationFrontal eye fieldNeural response fieldsVisual receptive fieldsVisuomovement neuronsCentral fixation pointPresaccadic activityOculomotor structuresContralateral saccadesOculomotor functionDirection of saccadesSuperior colliculusNeural dischargeSEF neuronsCentral fixationResponse fieldSaccade amplitudeSaccadesNeurons
1998
Deficits in Smooth-Pursuit Eye Movements After Muscimol Inactivation Within the Primate's Frontal Eye Field
Shi D, Friedman H, Bruce C. Deficits in Smooth-Pursuit Eye Movements After Muscimol Inactivation Within the Primate's Frontal Eye Field. Journal Of Neurophysiology 1998, 80: 458-464. PMID: 9658064, DOI: 10.1152/jn.1998.80.1.458.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFrontal eye fieldSmooth eye movement regionPrimate frontal eye fieldMuscimol injectionsArcuate sulcusEye fieldGamma-aminobutyric acid agonistSP deficitsSmooth pursuit eye movementsMicroinjection of muscimolSmooth pursuit functionMuscimol inactivationEye movement directionInjected hemisphereReversible deficitsFEFsemPermanent deficitsNeuronal responsesPosterior bankAspiration lesionsLarge aspiration lesionsEye movementsMotion onsetNext dayMuscimol
1997
Suppression of Task-Related Saccades by Electrical Stimulation in the Primate's Frontal Eye Field
Burman D, Bruce C. Suppression of Task-Related Saccades by Electrical Stimulation in the Primate's Frontal Eye Field. Journal Of Neurophysiology 1997, 77: 2252-2267. PMID: 9163356, DOI: 10.1152/jn.1997.77.5.2252.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFrontal eye fieldPrimate frontal eye fieldSaccadic eye movementsElectrical stimulationEye fieldFEF sitesFoveal receptive fieldsSuppression of saccadesLow-intensity stimulationEye movementsCentral fixation targetMemory-guided saccadesAppropriate saccadeCortex anteriorFEF projectionsContraversive saccadesAnterior bankIntracortical microstimulationStimulation trialsPremotor cortexEvidence of suppressionReflexive saccadesMacaque monkeysSubcortical regionsFrontal lobe damage
1996
Neurons in the supplementary eye field of rhesus monkeys code visual targets and saccadic eye movements in an oculocentric coordinate system
Russo GS, Bruce CJ. Neurons in the supplementary eye field of rhesus monkeys code visual targets and saccadic eye movements in an oculocentric coordinate system. Journal Of Neurophysiology 1996, 76: 825-848. PMID: 8871203, DOI: 10.1152/jn.1996.76.2.825.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSupplementary eye fieldPresaccadic activitySaccadic eye movementsSEF neuronsOculocentric coordinate systemEye fieldEccentric orbital positionEye positionEye movementsInitial eye positionBeginning of saccadesMemory saccade taskFixation pointCentral fixation pointOculocentric coordinatesVisual cue presentationMacaque monkeysOculomotor rangeRhesus monkeysCraniocentric coordinatesNeuronsSaccade directionVisual targetsStimulus directionSaccades
1995
Topography of projections to posterior cortical areas from the macaque frontal eye fields
Stanton G, Bruce C, Goldberg M. Topography of projections to posterior cortical areas from the macaque frontal eye fields. The Journal Of Comparative Neurology 1995, 353: 291-305. PMID: 7745137, DOI: 10.1002/cne.903530210.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMedial superior temporal areaSuperior temporal polysensory areaVentral intraparietal areaLateral intraparietal areaMiddle temporal areaInferior temporal areasCortical areasTemporal-occipital areasTemporal areaMedial partArea MSTEye fieldIntraparietal areaArea PEVisual areasArea lateral intraparietal areaArea V2Macaque frontal eye fieldArea MTArea 23bParietal area 7aTemporal visual areaTopography of projectionsFrontal eye fieldSuperior temporal areaComparison of the smooth eye tracking disorder of schizophrenics with that of nonhuman primates with specific brain lesions
Macavoy M, Bruce C. Comparison of the smooth eye tracking disorder of schizophrenics with that of nonhuman primates with specific brain lesions. International Journal Of Neuroscience 1995, 80: 117-151. PMID: 7775044, DOI: 10.3109/00207459508986097.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEye tracking deficitsTracking deficitsLow gain pursuitFirst-degree relativesSpecific brain lesionsFrontal lobe theoryNeuroleptic medicationIntrusive saccadesBrain lesionsDegree relativesBrain areasFrontal lobeExperimental lesionsLesionsSchizophreniaSchizophrenicsDeficitsSaccadesFurther supportMedicationsReview
1994
Physiological correlate of fixation disengagement in the primate's frontal eye field
Dias E, Bruce C. Physiological correlate of fixation disengagement in the primate's frontal eye field. Journal Of Neurophysiology 1994, 72: 2532-2537. PMID: 7884478, DOI: 10.1152/jn.1994.72.5.2532.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFrontal eye fieldPresaccadic activityEye fieldPrimate frontal eye fieldMs. 3Short-latency saccadesGap taskDisengagement of fixationFixation disengagementVisuomovement cellsExpress saccadesFEF neuronsMean latencyFixation targetSaccade latencyRhesus monkeysSaccade taskSaccadic targetTrialsResponse fieldSaccadesSaccade targetCell fieldNeuronsFixation pointNeural responses related to smooth-pursuit eye movements and their correspondence with electrically elicited smooth eye movements in the primate frontal eye field
Gottlieb J, MacAvoy M, Bruce C. Neural responses related to smooth-pursuit eye movements and their correspondence with electrically elicited smooth eye movements in the primate frontal eye field. Journal Of Neurophysiology 1994, 72: 1634-1653. PMID: 7823092, DOI: 10.1152/jn.1994.72.4.1634.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSmooth eye movementsFrontal eye fieldPursuit neuronsEye movementsEye fieldPosterior bankPursuit directionPrimate frontal eye fieldMonkey frontal eye fieldSmooth pursuit eye movementsDirectional tuningBroad directional tuningSaccadic eye movementsSmooth pursuit trackingPursuit cellsMost neuronsIntracortical microstimulationPursuit velocityFEF neuronsFEF regionSmooth pursuitRhesus monkeysRegion involvementNeuron responsesNeuronsFrontal eye field activity preceding aurally guided saccades
Russo G, Bruce C. Frontal eye field activity preceding aurally guided saccades. Journal Of Neurophysiology 1994, 71: 1250-1253. PMID: 8201415, DOI: 10.1152/jn.1994.71.3.1250.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFrontal eye fieldSaccade-related burst neuronsAuditory targetsMonkey frontal eye fieldVisual targetsFrontal eye field activityMovement fieldsGoal-directed saccadesVisuomovement cellsBurst neuronsIntracortical microstimulationSuch saccadesFEF activityFEF neuronsNeuronal activitySuperior colliculusEye fieldSaccadesSaccadic processingNeuronsComparable burstsMovement cellsCellsFixation directionTarget
1993
Topography of projections to the frontal lobe from the macaque frontal eye fields
Stanton G, Bruce C, Goldberg M. Topography of projections to the frontal lobe from the macaque frontal eye fields. The Journal Of Comparative Neurology 1993, 330: 286-301. PMID: 8491870, DOI: 10.1002/cne.903300209.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFrontal eye fieldArcuate sulcusFrontal lobePrincipal sulcusInjection siteEye fieldIpsilateral frontal lobeMacaque frontal eye fieldTopography of projectionsSaccadic eye movementsTracer injection siteFEF areaFEF projectionsAnterior wallPosterior wallSubcortical connectionsElectrical elicitationMedial partUpper limbMacaque monkeysCortical layersSmall saccadesDorsomedial convexitySulcusEye movementsDorsolateral prefrontal lesions and oculomotor delayed-response performance: evidence for mnemonic "scotomas"
Funahashi S, Bruce C, Goldman-Rakic P. Dorsolateral prefrontal lesions and oculomotor delayed-response performance: evidence for mnemonic "scotomas". Journal Of Neuroscience 1993, 13: 1479-1497. PMID: 8463830, PMCID: PMC6576716, DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.13-04-01479.1993.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMemory-guided eye movementsPrefrontal lesionsPrefrontal cortexEye movementsDelay periodDelayed-response deficitsDorsolateral prefrontal lesionsDelayed-response performancePeripheral visual cuesDelayed-response paradigmFrontal eye field regionVisual field locationsSaccadic reaction timesUnilateral lesionsSpatial memory functionIpsilateral cuesMonkey prefrontal cortexODR taskOpposite hemifieldSpatial cuesVisual cuesSimple sensoryMemory mechanismsMemory deficitsVisual targetsSmooth eye movements elicited by microstimulation in the primate frontal eye field
Gottlieb J, Bruce C, MacAvoy M. Smooth eye movements elicited by microstimulation in the primate frontal eye field. Journal Of Neurophysiology 1993, 69: 786-799. PMID: 8385195, DOI: 10.1152/jn.1993.69.3.786.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSmooth eye movementsFrontal eye field regionFixation targetEye movementsStimulation intensityPursuit systemPrimate frontal eye fieldCortex. 5Frontal eye fieldPeak velocityTrains of stimulationAverage peak velocityDegrees/sStationary fixation targetIpsilateral movementsMs. 2Principal sulcusEye velocityRetinal slipAdult monkeysElectrical stimulationEye fieldPosterior bankElectrode penetrationsStimulation siteEffect of eye position within the orbit on electrically elicited saccadic eye movements: a comparison of the macaque monkey's frontal and supplementary eye fields
Russo G, Bruce C. Effect of eye position within the orbit on electrically elicited saccadic eye movements: a comparison of the macaque monkey's frontal and supplementary eye fields. Journal Of Neurophysiology 1993, 69: 800-818. PMID: 8385196, DOI: 10.1152/jn.1993.69.3.800.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1991
Neuronal activity related to saccadic eye movements in the monkey's dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
Funahashi S, Bruce C, Goldman-Rakic P. Neuronal activity related to saccadic eye movements in the monkey's dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Journal Of Neurophysiology 1991, 65: 1464-1483. PMID: 1875255, DOI: 10.1152/jn.1991.65.6.1464.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSaccadic eye movementsSaccade-related activityPostsaccadic activityPS neuronsVGS taskPresaccadic activityContralateral visual fieldODR taskDorsolateral prefrontal cortexPrefrontal cortexEye movementsIpsilateral fieldPrincipal sulcusMonkey dorsolateral prefrontal cortexVertical meridianVisual fieldReciprocal response patternSingle neuron activityExcitatory responsesInhibitory responsesNeuronal activitySaccade taskNeuronsSaccade directionCortexSmooth-Pursuit Eye Movement Representation in the Primate Frontal Eye Field
MacAvoy M, Gottlieb J, Bruce C. Smooth-Pursuit Eye Movement Representation in the Primate Frontal Eye Field. Cerebral Cortex 1991, 1: 95-102. PMID: 1822728, DOI: 10.1093/cercor/1.1.95.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSmooth pursuit eye movementsFrontal eye fieldPrimate frontal eye fieldEye movementsEye fieldIpsilateral smooth pursuitElicit eye movementsSaccadic eye movementsElicited saccadesSmooth pursuitSuperficial lesionsExperimental lesionsTracking deficitsLesionsVentral regionSubstantial deficitsVisual motionMovement representationsDeficitsMicrostimulationNeurons
1990
Primate frontal eye fields. III. Maintenance of a spatially accurate saccade signal
Goldberg M, Bruce C. Primate frontal eye fields. III. Maintenance of a spatially accurate saccade signal. Journal Of Neurophysiology 1990, 64: 489-508. PMID: 2213128, DOI: 10.1152/jn.1990.64.2.489.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFrontal eye fieldDouble-step taskSaccadic eye movementsEye fieldPostsaccadic activitySecond saccadeEye movementsFirst saccadeMonkey frontal eye fieldRetinal coordinatesDouble-step paradigmRetina. 2Receptive fieldsMovement fieldsVisuomovement cellsCell receptive fieldsPresaccadic activityMovement cellsFlashed targetsSaccade signalOculomotor tasksNeuronsSingle neuronsSaccadesRetinal stimulationVisuospatial coding in primate prefrontal neurons revealed by oculomotor paradigms
Funahashi S, Bruce C, Goldman-Rakic P. Visuospatial coding in primate prefrontal neurons revealed by oculomotor paradigms. Journal Of Neurophysiology 1990, 63: 814-831. PMID: 2341879, DOI: 10.1152/jn.1990.63.4.814.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsODR taskVisual cuesPrefrontal cortexVisual responsesVisual probe taskLocation of cuesPrincipal sulcusVisual fieldDelay-period activitySame visual stimuliPrimate Prefrontal NeuronsDirectional visual responsesPassive visual responsesPS neuronsTask-related activityProbe taskSaccadic eye movementsVisuospatial codingCue locationSingle neuron activityVisual stimuliBehavioral enhancementOculomotor paradigmsPhasic visual responsesPrefrontal neuronsNeocortical memory circuits.
Goldman-Rakic P, Funahashi S, Bruce C. Neocortical memory circuits. Cold Spring Harbor Symposia On Quantitative Biology 1990, 55: 1025-38. PMID: 2132811, DOI: 10.1101/sqb.1990.055.01.097.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1989
Resolution of metabolic columns by a double-label 2-DG technique: interdigitation and coincidence in visual cortical areas of the same monkey
Friedman H, Bruce C, Goldman-Rakic P. Resolution of metabolic columns by a double-label 2-DG technique: interdigitation and coincidence in visual cortical areas of the same monkey. Journal Of Neuroscience 1989, 9: 4111-4121. PMID: 2687438, PMCID: PMC6569629, DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.09-12-04111.1989.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOcular dominance columnsExtrastriate areas V2Same monkeysVisual cortical areasVisual areas V1Cortical visual areas V1Alternate eyesX-ray filmsDouble-label methodMonocular crescentOptic discCortical areasMetabolic activitySeparate animalsArea V2Area V1Cortical columnsMetabolic differencesEyesMonkeysSame sectionPresent studyDifferential sensitivitySame subjectsV1