2008
What is usual about “treatment-as-usual”? Data from two multisite effectiveness trials
Santa Ana EJ, Martino S, Ball SA, Nich C, Frankforter TL, Carroll KM. What is usual about “treatment-as-usual”? Data from two multisite effectiveness trials. Journal Of Substance Use And Addiction Treatment 2008, 35: 369-379. PMID: 18337053, PMCID: PMC2712113, DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2008.01.003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEffectiveness trialDrug Abuse Clinical Trials NetworkSubstance useMultisite effectiveness trialClinical Trials NetworkStandard clinical practiceParticipants' substance useCommunity-based drug abuse treatmentDrug abuse treatmentNumber of interventionsSubstance use outcomesPatient outcomesClinical practiceTrials NetworkAbuse treatmentUse outcomesNational InstituteSocial functioningTreatmentTrialsOpen-ended questionsOutcomesStandard practiceEarly stagesEarly sessions
2000
A general system for evaluating therapist adherence and competence in psychotherapy research in the addictions
Carroll K, Nich C, Sifry R, Nuro K, Frankforter T, Ball S, Fenton L, Rounsaville B. A general system for evaluating therapist adherence and competence in psychotherapy research in the addictions. Drug And Alcohol Dependence 2000, 57: 225-238. PMID: 10661673, DOI: 10.1016/s0376-8716(99)00049-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTherapist adherenceRandomized clinical trialsSubstance use disordersDrug abuse treatmentYale AdherenceClinical trialsPharmacotherapy researchUse disordersBehavioral treatmentAbuse treatmentClinical researchAdherenceTreatmentComparison treatmentCompetence scoresExcellent reliabilityAddictionDiscriminant validityCompetence ScaleFactor structurePsychotherapy research