2009
Preliminary evidence for progressive prefrontal abnormalities in adolescents and young adults with bipolar disorder
KALMAR JH, WANG F, SPENCER L, EDMISTON E, LACADIE CM, MARTIN A, CONSTABLE RT, DUNCAN JS, STAIB LH, PAPADEMETRIS X, BLUMBERG HP. Preliminary evidence for progressive prefrontal abnormalities in adolescents and young adults with bipolar disorder. Journal Of The International Neuropsychological Society 2009, 15: 476-481. PMID: 19402934, PMCID: PMC2852397, DOI: 10.1017/s1355617709090584.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAdolescents/young adultsVentral prefrontal cortexBipolar disorderYoung adultsBrain volume changesRostral anterior cingulate cortexPrevious cross-sectional studiesCross-sectional studyAdolescence/young adulthoodHigh-resolution magnetic resonanceAnterior cingulate cortexPreliminary evidenceVolume abnormalitiesHealthy comparison participantsPrefrontal abnormalitiesGreater volume lossCingulate cortexRegional volumesPrefrontal cortexModest sample sizeYoung adulthoodAdultsRostral PFCComparison participantsAbnormalities
2006
Age, Rapid-Cycling, and Pharmacotherapy Effects on Ventral Prefrontal Cortex in Bipolar Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study
Blumberg HP, Krystal JH, Bansal R, Martin A, Dziura J, Durkin K, Martin L, Gerard E, Charney DS, Peterson BS. Age, Rapid-Cycling, and Pharmacotherapy Effects on Ventral Prefrontal Cortex in Bipolar Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study. Biological Psychiatry 2006, 59: 611-618. PMID: 16414030, DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.08.031.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHealthy comparison subjectsWhite matter volumeMagnetic resonance imagingMatter volumeBD patientsHigh-resolution structural magnetic resonance imagingYoung adulthoodStructural magnetic resonance imagingTotal brain volumeCross-sectional studyGray matter volumeAge group interactionVentral prefrontal cortexPharmacotherapy effectsPrefrontal cortex functionIllness featuresBD IProtective effectVolume abnormalitiesHC subjectsComparison subjectsBrain volumeVolume deficitsBipolar disorderRapid initial decline