2025
The Development Landscape of Large Language Models for Biomedical Applications.
Cao Z, Keloth V, Xie Q, Qian L, Liu Y, Wang Y, Shi R, Zhou W, Yang G, Zhang J, Peng X, Zhen E, Weng R, Chen Q, Xu H. The Development Landscape of Large Language Models for Biomedical Applications. Annual Review Of Biomedical Data Science 2025 PMID: 40169010, DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biodatasci-102224-074736.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchLanguage modelTask-specific fine-tuningPrivacy concernsImprove data sharingComputational resourcesSpecialized medical applicationsBiomedical dataData sharingFine-tuningBiomedical literatureTransform healthcareModel accessDevelopment processMedical applicationsMultimodal integrationChatGPTPrivacyApplicationsModel characteristicsTrainingArchitectureLLMMedical research
2024
Evolutionary Medicine
Stearns S, Medzhitov R. Evolutionary Medicine. 2024 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192871978.001.0001.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchRisk of metastasisPlacental invasionSolid tumorsEvolution of reproductionMental disordersAdaptive therapyPublic healthVaccine developmentEvolution of agingSick personEvolutionary historyEvolutionary insightsPhage therapyPathogen emergenceIndependent evolutionEvolutionary hypothesesHealthEvolutionary aspectsTherapyCancerDiseaseEvolutionary medicineMedical researchChildbirth
2023
Fixing the leaky physician‐scientist pipeline: Integrated–dedicated research period programs in emergency medicine
Veverka M, Ryus C, Gerardo C, Bernstein S, Limkakeng A. Fixing the leaky physician‐scientist pipeline: Integrated–dedicated research period programs in emergency medicine. AEM Education And Training 2023, 7: e10919. PMID: 38037629, PMCID: PMC10685392, DOI: 10.1002/aet2.10919.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchEmergency physiciansEmergency medicineHealth care systemU.S. health care systemTreatment modalitiesDisease typeCare systemNational InstituteMedical specialtiesEM residency programsPhysician-scientist pipelineMD-PhDsDiverse exposuresResidency programsCurrent traineesPostresidency fellowshipsEM residenciesMedicineLow numberMedical researchEtiologyPhysiciansNurturing the next generation of pediatric physician scientists: the Padova Physician Scientist Research Training for pediatric residents
Galderisi A, Bressan S, Da Dalt L, Perilongo G, Baraldi E. Nurturing the next generation of pediatric physician scientists: the Padova Physician Scientist Research Training for pediatric residents. European Journal Of Pediatrics 2023, 183: 1567-1570. PMID: 37851083, PMCID: PMC11001748, DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05258-9.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsPediatric residentsEarly exposurePhysician scientistsResidency programsClinical trainingClinical trialsAnonymized questionnairePediatric programsPediatric residency programsPediatric trainingResearch trainingPediatric residencyPediatricsExposurePostgraduate medical educationMajor barrierResidencyFirst experienceResidentsMedical researchPhysiciansTrialsChatGPT and Artificial Intelligence in Transplantation Research: Is It Always Correct?
Rawashdeh B, Kim J, AlRyalat S, Prasad R, Cooper M. ChatGPT and Artificial Intelligence in Transplantation Research: Is It Always Correct? Cureus 2023, 15: e42150. PMID: 37602076, PMCID: PMC10438857, DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42150.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchKnowledge and attitudes of Chinese medical postgraduates toward research ethics and research ethics committees: a cross-sectional study
Liu X, Wang X, Wu Y, Yu H, Yang M, Khoshnood K, Luo E, Wang X. Knowledge and attitudes of Chinese medical postgraduates toward research ethics and research ethics committees: a cross-sectional study. BMC Medical Education 2023, 23: 482. PMID: 37380977, PMCID: PMC10303304, DOI: 10.1186/s12909-023-04459-y.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsResearch ethicsResearch ethics educationMedical ethics curriculumMedical postgraduatesResearch Ethics CommitteeEthics educationEthics curriculumEthical guidelinesEthical challengesEthical standardsResearch integrityEthicsEthics CommitteeLittle empirical researchMedical researchSafe researchReview proceduresEmpirical researchDiverse approachesAttitudesHuman subjectsCourse syllabiRECProper knowledgeChinaImplementing clinical trial data sharing requires training a new generation of biomedical researchers
Mansmann U, Locher C, Prasser F, Weissgerber T, Sax U, Posch M, Decullier E, Cristea I, Debray T, Held L, Moher D, Ioannidis J, Ross J, Ohmann C, Naudet F. Implementing clinical trial data sharing requires training a new generation of biomedical researchers. Nature Medicine 2023, 29: 298-301. PMID: 36732626, DOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-02080-y.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2021
Gender disparities among medical students choosing to pursue careers in medical research: a secondary cross-sectional cohort analysis
Snyder A, Xiang D, Smith A, Esswein S, Toubat O, Di Capua J, Kwan JM, Daye D. Gender disparities among medical students choosing to pursue careers in medical research: a secondary cross-sectional cohort analysis. BMC Medical Education 2021, 21: 591. PMID: 34823508, PMCID: PMC8620216, DOI: 10.1186/s12909-021-03004-z.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCross-sectional cohort analysisCohort analysisMore female respondentsAcademic medical centerProportion of womenChi-square testGender disparitiesMedical studentsMedical CenterEthical approvalPatient careMedical researchMore male respondentsMale respondentsFemale respondentsDemographic characteristicsWomenMore male studentsUniversity of PennsylvaniaSelection factorsCramer's VEqual numberMenGender differencesPrivacy-Preserving Data Sharing for Medical Research
Fischer M, Hochman J, Boffa D. Privacy-Preserving Data Sharing for Medical Research. Lecture Notes In Computer Science 2021, 13046: 78-89. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-91081-5_6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPersonally Identifiable InformationPrivacy-preserving data sharingDifferent providersCryptographic techniquesIdentifiable informationElectronic patient medical recordsData sharingPrivacy lawsVast amountTechnical concernsSuch dataEffective usePrivacyInformationProvidersSharingMedical researchPatients' medical recordsDataLinkingResearchersInclusion of older adults in emergency department clinical research: Strategies to achieve a critical goal
Hunold KM, Goldberg EM, Caterino JM, Hwang U, Platts‐Mills T, Shah MN, Rosen T, Medicine F. Inclusion of older adults in emergency department clinical research: Strategies to achieve a critical goal. Academic Emergency Medicine 2021, 29: 376-383. PMID: 34582613, PMCID: PMC8958170, DOI: 10.1111/acem.14386.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAn Overview of Sex and Gender in Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
Kay S, Pisani MA. An Overview of Sex and Gender in Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine. Clinics In Chest Medicine 2021, 42: 385-390. PMID: 34353445, DOI: 10.1016/j.ccm.2021.04.001.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2019
The emerging landscape of health research based on biobanks linked to electronic health records: Existing resources, statistical challenges, and potential opportunities
Beesley L, Salvatore M, Fritsche L, Pandit A, Rao A, Brummett C, Willer C, Lisabeth L, Mukherjee B. The emerging landscape of health research based on biobanks linked to electronic health records: Existing resources, statistical challenges, and potential opportunities. Statistics In Medicine 2019, 39: 773-800. PMID: 31859414, PMCID: PMC7983809, DOI: 10.1002/sim.8445.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsElectronic health recordsHealth recordsMichigan Genomics InitiativeBiobank-based studiesHealth-related researchUK BiobankHealth researchDisease-gene associationsStudy designAgnostic searchBiobankDisease-treatmentInformatics infrastructureHypothesis-generating studyPhenotypic identificationGenome InitiativeMissing DataResource catalogExploratory questionsCurrent bodyBiobank researchData typesMedical researchRecruitment mechanismsPractical guidance
2017
The Real‐World Ethics of Adaptive‐Design Clinical Trials
Bothwell LE, Kesselheim AS. The Real‐World Ethics of Adaptive‐Design Clinical Trials. The Hastings Center Report 2017, 47: 27-37. PMID: 29171051, DOI: 10.1002/hast.783.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsClinical equipoisePrimary ethical concernsMedical researchEthical approachEthical argumentsEthical justificationTrial control armEthical concernsEthicsAdaptive design clinical trialsTheoretical equipoiseCritical principlesEquipoiseAllocation of subjectsInferior treatmentProduct sponsorsArgumentCritical assessmentConventional RCTsAdditional concernsUseful standardActual trialAdaptive trialsJustificationClaimsClinical trials: Kids are not just little people
Naka F, Strober B, Shahriari M. Clinical trials: Kids are not just little people. Clinics In Dermatology 2017, 35: 583-593. PMID: 29191349, DOI: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2017.08.008.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2015
Trial-Results Reporting and Academic Medical Centers
Zarin DA, Tse T, Ross JS. Trial-Results Reporting and Academic Medical Centers. New England Journal Of Medicine 2015, 372: 2371-2372. PMID: 25992618, DOI: 10.1056/nejmc1505965.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsClinical trial resultsAcademic medical centerMedical CenterPotential effectsReportingMedical research
2013
Treatment of hyperkalemia
Turner J. Treatment of hyperkalemia. Expert Opinion On Orphan Drugs 2013, 1: 359-371. DOI: 10.1517/21678707.2013.794692.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchTreatment strategiesTreatment of hyperkalemiaDegree of hyperkalemiaMyocardial cell membraneAdverse eventsCalcium administrationSerum potassiumCommon etiologyDigitalis toxicityClinical manifestationsPractice patternsPotassium imbalanceHyperkalemiaPotassium homeostasisDialysate solutionExcess potassiumDegree of riskRiskSafetyCellular uptakeReasonable cautionPatientsPathophysiologyMedical researchEtiologyIdentifying inference attacks against healthcare data repositories.
Vaidya J, Shafiq B, Jiang X, Ohno-Machado L. Identifying inference attacks against healthcare data repositories. AMIA Joint Summits On Translational Science Proceedings 2013, 2013: 262-6. PMID: 24303279, PMCID: PMC3845790.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2012
U.S. Law and Animal Experimentation: A Critical Primer
Latham S. U.S. Law and Animal Experimentation: A Critical Primer. The Hastings Center Report 2012, 42: s35-s39. PMID: 23138429, DOI: 10.1002/hast.107.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRegulatory structureSufficient scientific justificationUnnecessary animal sufferingU.S. lawCountry’s lawsRegulatory philosophyHumane treatmentMedical experimentationLawHistorical accidentAnimal sufferingUse of animalsUnited StatesScientific justificationParticular kindMedical researchJustificationObvious wayProponentsSubstantial changesCountriesAnimal experimentationStandardsPhilosophyImportant concern
2008
Ethical Trials to Determine the Risks and Benefits of Radiation Exposure from Coronary CT Angiography
Haramati L. Ethical Trials to Determine the Risks and Benefits of Radiation Exposure from Coronary CT Angiography. Journal Of The American College Of Radiology 2008, 5: 1073-1076. PMID: 18812151, DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2008.05.004.Commentaries, Editorials and LettersConceptsCoronary artery diseaseCoronary CT angiographyArtery diseaseCT angiographyFuture patientsRadiation exposureManagement of patientsDiagnostic radiation exposureRadiation-related cancerCommon causeAmerican CollegeDiagnostic radiationClinical researchPatientsAngiographyMedical researchRiskGenetic damageDiseaseHeritable genetic damageExposureEthical trialsCancerTrialsBenefits
2005
Chapter G2 Animal Models of Tourette Syndrome
Burke K, Lombroso P. Chapter G2 Animal Models of Tourette Syndrome. 2005, 441-448. DOI: 10.1016/b978-012088382-0/50040-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAnimal modelsTourette syndromePartial animal modelsTic expressionPsychiatric disordersEntire syndromeSomatic diseasesPathological mechanismsPsychiatric syndromesSyndromeAnatomical locationNeuropsychiatric disordersAnimal preparationsDisease mechanismsDisordersMotor movementsSymptomsDiseaseSpecific human diseasesHuman diseasesTreatmentMedical researchEtiology
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