2024
Serial direct sodium removal in patients with heart failure and diuretic resistance
Rao V, Ivey‐Miranda J, Cox Z, Moreno‐Villagomez J, Ramos‐Mastache D, Neville D, Balkcom N, Asher J, Bellumkonda L, Bigvava T, Shaburishvili T, Bartunek J, Wilson F, Finkelstein F, Maulion C, Turner J, Testani J. Serial direct sodium removal in patients with heart failure and diuretic resistance. European Journal Of Heart Failure 2024, 26: 1215-1230. PMID: 38556717, DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.3196.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDiuretic resistanceCardiorenal syndromeHeart failureLoop diureticsDiuretic withdrawalHigh-dose loop diureticsN-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptidePro-B-type natriuretic peptideGrowth differentiation factor 15Carbohydrate antigen 125Differentiation factor 15Sodium removalRandomized controlled studyCardiorenal parametersDiuretic doseSoluble ST2Natriuretic peptideMedian timeDiuretic responseKidney injuryPeritoneal membraneElectrolyte handlingKidney functionDiureticsInterleukin-6
2023
The importance of forward flow and venous congestion in diuretic response in acute heart failure: Insights from the ESCAPE trial
Eder M, Griffin M, Moreno-Villagomez J, Bellumkonda L, Maulion C, Asher J, Wilson F, Cox Z, Ivey-Miranda J, Rao V, Butler J, Borlaug B, McCallum W, Ramos-Mastache D, Testani J. The importance of forward flow and venous congestion in diuretic response in acute heart failure: Insights from the ESCAPE trial. International Journal Of Cardiology 2023, 381: 57-61. PMID: 37023862, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.04.002.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRight atrial pressureDiuretic efficiencyRight atrial areaDiuretic responseVenous congestionHeart failureCardio-renal interactionsLoop diuretic doseAcute heart failureRenal perfusion pressureLow cardiac outputMean arterial pressureRight ventricular systolicCongestive heart failureVentricular ejection fractionNet fluid outputForward flowDiuretic doseDiuretic resistanceTTE parametersCardiac indexVentricular systolicArterial pressureAtrial pressureEjection fraction
2022
Classic and Novel Mechanisms of Diuretic Resistance in Cardiorenal Syndrome
Cox ZL, Rao VS, Testani JM. Classic and Novel Mechanisms of Diuretic Resistance in Cardiorenal Syndrome. Kidney360 2022, 3: 954-967. PMID: 36128483, PMCID: PMC9438407, DOI: 10.34067/kid.0006372021.Commentaries, Editorials and LettersConceptsCardiorenal syndromeDiuretic resistanceSodium avidityAcute decompensated heart failureDecompensated heart failureRenal sodium avidityHeart failure phenotypeResistance mechanismsDiuretic therapyHeart failureFailure populationNovel mechanismMultiple etiologiesGlomerular filtrationTherapeutic strategiesFailure phenotypeSyndromeTranslate findingsAviditySpecific transportersTherapyEtiologyPopulationRecent literatureRenin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Activation and Diuretic Response in Ambulatory Patients With Heart Failure
Amatruda JG, Scherzer R, Rao VS, Ivey-Miranda JB, Shlipak MG, Estrella MM, Testani JM. Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Activation and Diuretic Response in Ambulatory Patients With Heart Failure. Kidney Medicine 2022, 4: 100465. PMID: 35620081, PMCID: PMC9127684, DOI: 10.1016/j.xkme.2022.100465.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchDiuretic doseTotal reninDiuretic responseDiuretic resistanceFractional excretionHeart failureActive reninSystem activationRenin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activationHigher plasmaActive renin levelsAldosterone system activationLower diuretic efficiencyPlasma total reninRAAS inhibitor useChronic heart failureMultivariable-adjusted modelsHigh-quality trialsLow fractional excretionFurosemide equivalentsRAAS blockadeAldosterone levelsRAAS activationRenin levelsInhibitor use
2021
FGF-23 (Fibroblast Growth Factor-23) and Cardiorenal Interactions
Ivey-Miranda JB, Stewart B, Cox ZL, McCallum W, Maulion C, Gleason O, Meegan G, Amatruda JG, Moreno-Villagomez J, Mahoney D, Turner JM, Wilson FP, Estrella MM, Shlipak MG, Rao VS, Testani JM. FGF-23 (Fibroblast Growth Factor-23) and Cardiorenal Interactions. Circulation Heart Failure 2021, 14: e008385. PMID: 34689571, PMCID: PMC8782627, DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.121.008385.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFGF-23Cardiorenal interactionsHeart failureDiuretic resistanceSodium avidityNeurohormonal activationMultivariable analysisDistal tubular sodium reabsorptionLoop diuretic doseTubular sodium reabsorptionGlomerular filtration rateCardiorenal dysfunctionDiuretic doseDiuretic treatmentNT-proBNPFractional excretionDiuretic administrationSodium reabsorptionPeak diuresisFiltration rateCare centerUrine samplingAnimal modelsSerum chlorideDisease severityCompensatory post-diuretic renal sodium reabsorption is not a dominant mechanism of diuretic resistance in acute heart failure
Cox ZL, Rao VS, Ivey-Miranda JB, Moreno-Villagomez J, Mahoney D, Ponikowski P, Biegus J, Turner JM, Maulion C, Bellumkonda L, Asher JL, Parise H, Wilson PF, Ellison DH, Wilcox CS, Testani JM. Compensatory post-diuretic renal sodium reabsorption is not a dominant mechanism of diuretic resistance in acute heart failure. European Heart Journal 2021, 42: 4468-4477. PMID: 34529781, PMCID: PMC8599022, DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab620.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAcute decompensated heart failureSpontaneous natriuresisDiuretic resistanceHeart failureSodium reabsorptionUrine collectionSpot urine sodium concentrationsIntravenous loop diureticsNeutral sodium balanceAcute heart failureDecompensated heart failureRenal sodium reabsorptionSubgroup of patientsUrine sodium concentrationSpot urine samplesDiuretic therapySodium aviditySodium excretionUrine sodiumCreatinine ratioLoop diureticsDiuretic administrationSodium balanceNatriuresisHealthy volunteers
2020
Venous Congestion, Not Cardiac Index is Associated with Diuretic Resistance
Eder M, Griffin M, Fleming J, Gleason O, Meegan G, Ivey-Miranda J, Cox Z, Rao V, Testani J. Venous Congestion, Not Cardiac Index is Associated with Diuretic Resistance. Journal Of Cardiac Failure 2020, 26: s30-s31. DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2020.09.095.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchRight atrial pressureBaseline right atrial pressureAcute decompensated heart failureCardiac indexLow cardiac indexDiuretic efficiencyMin/m2Daily urine outputDiuretic resistanceUrine outputDiuretic responseVenous congestionDiuretic doseHeart failureDE groupHigher baseline right atrial pressureHigher right atrial pressureElevated right atrial pressureBaseline cardiac indexLoop diuretic doseDecompensated heart failureCongestive heart failureSubset of patientsGreater diuretic responseCardiorenal interactionsSafety and Efficacy of an Automated Nurse-Driven Diuretic Titration Protocol: the Yale Diuretic Pathway
Meegan G, Sangkachand P, O'Brien M, Riello R, Soucier R, Jacoby D, Gleason O, Fleming J, Griffin M, Ivey-Miranda J, Cox Z, Rao V, Testani J. Safety and Efficacy of an Automated Nurse-Driven Diuretic Titration Protocol: the Yale Diuretic Pathway. Journal Of Cardiac Failure 2020, 26: s22. DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2020.09.070.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAcute decompensated heart failureDiuretic doseLoop diureticsSodium outputBlood pressureEMR orderTitration protocolDecompensated heart failureSystolic blood pressureDaily urine outputSpot urine samplesNet fluid outputDiuretic resistanceFurosemide equivalentsFirst doseMedian doseSodium excretionHeart failureSerum potassiumSubsequent dosesUrine outputClinical outcomesMedian timeSerum magnesiumSame doseMechanisms of Diuretic Resistance Study: design and rationale
Cox ZL, Fleming J, Ivey‐Miranda J, Griffin M, Mahoney D, Jackson K, Hodson DZ, Thomas D, Gomez N, Rao VS, Testani JM. Mechanisms of Diuretic Resistance Study: design and rationale. ESC Heart Failure 2020, 7: 4458-4464. PMID: 32893505, PMCID: PMC7754741, DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12949.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAcute decompensated heart failureDiuretic resistanceDiuretic responseUrine collectionCombination diuretic therapyLoop diuretic administrationLoop diuretic doseLoop diuretic resistanceDecompensated heart failureProspective patient cohortPhysical exam findingsSpot urine collectionADHF hospitalizationsDiuretic doseDiuretic therapyHF outcomesBaseline bloodCommon complicationPatient characteristicsProspective cohortHeart failureLoop diureticsDiuretic administrationUrine biomarkersExam findingsSodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors as diuretic adjuvants in acute decompensated heart failure: a case series
Griffin M, Riello R, Rao VS, Ivey-Miranda J, Fleming J, Maulion C, McCallum W, Sarnak M, Collins S, Inzucchi SE, Testani JM. Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors as diuretic adjuvants in acute decompensated heart failure: a case series. ESC Heart Failure 2020, 7: 1966-1971. PMID: 32476296, PMCID: PMC7373933, DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12759.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAcute decompensated heart failureSodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitorsGlucose cotransporter 2 inhibitorsDecompensated heart failureCotransporter 2 inhibitorsType 2 diabetesSGLT-2iBlood pressureHeart failureUrine outputYale-New Haven HospitalWeight lossIncidence of hypokalaemiaSGLT-2i initiationSGLT-2i therapyGlucose-lowering medicationsHeart failure outcomesCohort of patientsAverage weight lossDiuretic dosingDiuretic resistanceAdjunctive therapyWorsened survivalDiuretic efficiencyDiuretic monotherapy
2019
Safety and Efficacy of an Auto-Titrating Diuretic Protocol: A Pilot
Griffin M, Flemming J, Pattoli M, Stewart B, Gomez N, Barnett J, Thomas A, Wycallis E, Struyk G, Shamlian P, Mahoney D, Ivey-Miranda J, Ivey-Miranda J, Rao V, Testani J. Safety and Efficacy of an Auto-Titrating Diuretic Protocol: A Pilot. Journal Of Cardiac Failure 2019, 25: s52. DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2019.07.147.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchDiuretic resistanceFurosemide equivalentsRenal functionBlood pressureHeart failureWeight lossHeart failure physiciansNon-randomized pilotTraditional diuretic therapyMajority of patientsSystolic blood pressureRapid dose escalationMaximum daily doseSpot urine samplesDiuretic doseDiuretic protocolDiuretic therapyDiuretic dosesHF patientsSodium excretionStarting doseElectrolyte abnormalitiesHospital daysDaily doseDose escalationRenal Diuretic Delivery is Highly Variable in Hospitalized Decompensated Heart Failure Patients and Associated with Diuretic Resistance
Wycallis E, Stewart B, Ivey-Miranda J, Griffin M, Gomez N, Thomas A, Barnett J, Pattoli M, Struyk G, Fleming J, Shamlian P, Raghavendra P, Rao V, Cox Z, Testani J. Renal Diuretic Delivery is Highly Variable in Hospitalized Decompensated Heart Failure Patients and Associated with Diuretic Resistance. Journal Of Cardiac Failure 2019, 25: s3. DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2019.07.018.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchLoop diureticsADHF patientsTubular sitesRenal perfusionSite of actionRenal urea handlingDecompensated heart failure patientsYale-New Haven HospitalGood urine outputHospitalized ADHF patientsNT-proBNP levelsHeart failure patientsRoute of administrationNew Haven HospitalUrea handlingDiuretic doseDiuretic resistanceFurosemide equivalentsSolute handlingRenal dysfunctionBlood pressureEjection fractionFailure patientsFractional excretionUrine output
2016
030 Potential Role for Plasmin Mediated Proteolytic Activation of ENaC in Diuretic Resistance in Heart Failure
Rao V, Hanberg J, Broughton J, Assefa M, Ahmad T, Testani J. 030 Potential Role for Plasmin Mediated Proteolytic Activation of ENaC in Diuretic Resistance in Heart Failure. Journal Of Cardiac Failure 2016, 22: s13. DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2016.06.047.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchRENAL TUBULAR RESISTANCE, RATHER THAN DIURETIC DELIVERY, IS THE PRIMARY DRIVER FOR DIURETIC RESISTANCE IN ACUTE HEART FAILURE PATIENTS
Maaten J, Rao V, Simon J, Assefa M, Broughton S, Modesto K, Damman K, Voors A, Tang W, Testani J. RENAL TUBULAR RESISTANCE, RATHER THAN DIURETIC DELIVERY, IS THE PRIMARY DRIVER FOR DIURETIC RESISTANCE IN ACUTE HEART FAILURE PATIENTS. Journal Of The American College Of Cardiology 2016, 67: 1544. DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(16)31545-5.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2014
Distal Tubular Compensation as an Important Mechanistic Site of Diuretic Resistance in Heart Failure
Laur O, Rao V, Cheng S, Kula A, Bellumkonda L, Tang W, Parikh C, Testani J. Distal Tubular Compensation as an Important Mechanistic Site of Diuretic Resistance in Heart Failure. Journal Of Cardiac Failure 2014, 20: s14-s15. DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2014.06.049.Peer-Reviewed Original Research